Kev ua haujlwm ntawm pancreatic lipase hauv lub cev

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"Vim tias muaj ntau dua cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hauv ntiaj teb nyob rau xyoo tas los no, feem ntau cov txiav ua ntej tsis pom los ntawm lub plab zom mov, tab sis yog qhov ua cov tshuaj insulin - yam tshuaj uas tswj ntshav qab zib.

Tab sis tus neeg uas tau xav rau nws tus kheej txhua qhov kev txom nyem ntawm kev mob ntsig txog mob ntev, tau paub ntev los lawm tias lipase yog ib qho enzyme uas tawg rau cov rog uas tuaj nrog cov zaub mov noj, thiab nws tsis zoo npaum li cas thaum lub lipase tsa hauv cov ntshav.

Lipase yog dab tsi?

Cov lus qhuav ntawm kev tshawb fawb kev ua haujlwm pancreatic lipase ua qhov enzyme los ntawm subclass ntawm esterases (hauv chav kawm ntawm hydrolases) thiab sau txog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm nws cov khoom nrog hepatic ntshav lipase.

Thaum txiav txim siab saum toj no, nws yuav tsum paub meej tias hydrolases suav nrog cov tshuaj sib txuas-biocatalysts (enzymes) uas hydrolyze (zom) kev noj haus cov rog (triglycerides) rau hauv glycerol dawb thiab cov tshuaj los ntawm cov qib siab fatty acid.

Hauv lwm lo lus, tsis muaj kev koom nrog ntawm enzyme no, uas yog ib feem ntawm kua txiv qab zib, nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua tsis muaj kev nqus ntawm cov rog los ntawm lub cev, thiab tsis muaj cov rog hauv lub cev, uas txhais tau tias lub neej zoo li no. Rau cov rog, ob qho tib si txawb thiab hauv cov qauv ntawm kev khaws cia, lub cev yuav tsum ua tiav ntau lub hom phiaj - los ntawm kev tsim kev ua kom me me, ruaj khov, xaiv cov kab sib txawv ntawm lub cev kom tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm pob txha tawg thiab doog ntshav thaum nws poob rov qab (ntsej muag - nrog koj sab nraub qaum thiab pob tw).

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj hauv lub cev

Hauv cov menyuam mos yug tshiab, ntawm tag nrho cov lipases hauv lub cev, thawj hom lipase ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv kev ua si - ib qho enzyme uas ua haujlwm rau emulsify (hloov mus rau ib daim ntawv yooj yim rau kev nqus) cov kua mis ntawm lub mis (triacylglycerols) ncaj qha hauv lub qhov ncauj, vim hais tias cov khoom no yog tsim los ntawm cov qog ua haujlwm rau lub qhov ncauj.

Cov menyuam yaus lub cev nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv:

  • txoj kev loj hlob sai thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev thiab cov kabmob tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov khw muag khoom glycogen tseem ceeb;
  • piam thaj kev ua haujlwm tseem tsis tau zoo tag nrho.

Hauv kev pom ntawm qhov no, triacylglycerols (lawv kuj yog triglycerides, triglycerols, nruab nrab cov rog, lub teeb rog), sib txawv hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj ntsha muaj roj ntau ntau, yog qhov kev ua tsuas yog tsis yog lub zog xwb, tab sis kuj kub rau tus menyuam lub cev.

Txij li cov neeg laus cov qaub ncaug tsis muaj cov enzymes uas catalyze lipid tawg hauv lub qhov ncauj, thiab qhov koob tshuaj triacylglycerols nyob rau hauv lub plab los ntawm lipase ntawm nws cov kua txiv yog qhov me me, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev rov qab mus ib txhis ntawm lub neej tau pauv mus rau lumen ntawm ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv hu ua lub plab hnyuv - tshwj xeeb, mus rau lub plab hnyuv plab. , hu ua duodenum (uas yog lawv thawj chav haujlwm).

Yog hais tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub lingual enzyme yog tshwj xeeb emulsification ntawm cov kua mis cov kua mis, thiab rau lub plab lipase nws yog qhov tawg ntawm tributirins ntawm cov roj ntau, tom qab ntawd (tsis zoo li hepatic lipase, uas tau koom nrog kev tawg tshwj xeeb ntawm VLDLPs ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab thiab chylomicrons), lub qog ntshav ntawm lub caj pas lipc yog siv rau hydrolyze txhua triglycer. - cov rog tau txais nrog cov zaub mov thiab twb tau ua tiav ib feem los ntawm kev ua cov pais plab paum.

Tab sis qhov kev zom zaub mov loj no pob zeb kuj tsis ua haujlwm ib leeg - rau nws txoj haujlwm ua tiav, muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb ntxiv:

  • calcium ions (vim tias lipcreatic lipase yog calcium-depend enzyme);
  • ua ntej emulsification ntawm kev noj cov rog los ntawm bile secreted rau hauv txoj hnyuv lumen los ntawm daim siab.

Qhov tseeb yog hais tias yuav kom "siav" cov proenzyme (thaum pib tsis txaus siab) ntawm prolipase mus rau lub cev tag nrho ntawm pancreatic enzyme, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los pib nws hauv duodenum los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub, nrog rau colipase, ib qho ntawm cov enzymes uas muaj nyob hauv cov kua txiv pancreatic.

Nkag siab vim li cas thiaj li muaj ntau "cov kev siv zog biochemical" tau ua, nws pab kom paub tias lipase yog qhov tsim nyog rau:

  • kev tshem tawm, kev ua thiab sib cais ntawm cov rog rau hauv qhov sib cais;
  • assimilation ntawm cov rog-soluble pab pawg ntawm cov vitamins (A, K, E, D), nrog rau cov roj ua tsis haum ntawm cov polyunsaturated spectrum;
  • tswj cov qib tag nrho ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob nqa tawm los ntawm cov ntshav lipids.

Lub xeev ntawm ntau lub cev nyob ntawm qib ntawm pancreatic lipase.

Yog li, vim nws qhov tsis muaj peev xwm, tshwm sim ntawm:

  • dyslipoproteinemia (tshwj xeeb, hom IA hyperlipoproteinemia);
  • tshaj triglycerides hauv lipoproteins ntshiab;
  • chaw kho mob ntawm ischemic mob plawv (mob plawv);
  • xanthomas (nrog ib tug qauv sib kis);
  • qhov tshwm sim ntawm malabsorption (kev zom plab zom mov) ntawm lub ntsej muag ntev fatty acids.

Nws tseem nyob ntxiv tias cov kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm pancreatic gland enzyme tshwm sim ntawm alkaline pH ntawm 8 while9 (thaum lub sij hawm qhov taw qhia ntawm 4-5 txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev zam ntawm emulsified triacyl glycerols).

Vim tias qhov tseeb tias nrog tus lej ntawm cov kabmob, cov haujlwm ntawm qhov enzyme nce siab (nrog nws nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav), nws cov ntsiab lus hauv cov kua roj ntsha no tso cai rau peb txiav txim siab muaj cov kabmob ntawm lub cev thiab pathological ntawm lub caj pas pancreatic. Yog li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov enzyme hauv cov ntshav (ob qho tib si thiab hauv qab thiab qis) ua qhov kev kuaj mob rau qee yam mob uas tsis muaj tseeb.

Kev yees duab rau ntawm cov enzymes:

Vim li cas rau Enzyme li

Muab hais tias lipase cov cai hauv cov ntshav (raws li txoj kev tshawb los ntawm turbidimetric txuj ci) yog kwv yees li 190 units / ml rau cov txiv neej thiab poj niam laus, rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo - nyob rau hauv 130 units / ml (ua haujlwm ntawm enzymatic kev ua si hauv 1 ml ntawm cov ntshav), qhov nce ntawm qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem qhia tau ob qho tib si zom plab tsis muaj teeb meem thiab cov kab ke.

Yog li, ib qho dhau mus hauv cov ntshav (nrog rau lub cev tsis txaus ib yam hauv cov hnyuv) yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm:

  • pancreatitis
  • cov qog ntawm lub caj pas pancreatic;
  • cov kab ke ntev ntev ntawm lub zais zis;
  • cov mob hnyav (pawg ntawm biliary colic, myocardial infarction).

Tib daim duab tshwm sim los ntawm:

  • txoj hnyuv tu;
  • mob peritonitis;
  • pob txha lov lossis nqaij mos raug mob.

Zoo sib xws yog pom nrog cov kab ke uas muaj:

  • kev rog;
  • mob gout
  • ntshav qab zib mellitus;
  • lub raum tsis ua haujlwm;
  • tus mob cancer mis.

Vim Li Cas Tsis Muaj

Cov laj thawj rau kev txo cov ntshav lipase ntau ntau tuaj yeem yog:

  • tshaj cov roj triglyceride rau hauv cov zaub mov noj (irrational, noj tsis tau lub cev);
  • pathic (oncological) pathology (tsis suav nrog, txawm li cas los xij, mob cancer ntawm lub txiav) nws tus kheej;
  • lwm yam, tsis tshua tshwm sim ntau (lossis tsis tshua paub hais tias kuaj tau) yog vim li cas.

Cov ntshav lipase kuj tseem tuaj yeem nrog:

  • roj ntsha hyperlipidemia;
  • nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus mob kab mob pancreatitis mus rau ib daim ntawv uas mob ntev.

Thaum kawg, tus mob no tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm:

  • cystic fibrosis;
  • cystic fibrosis;
  • tsis muaj txiav (vim nws qhov kev tshem tawm sai).

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