KEV FAIB TAWM NTAWM GLUCOCORTICOIDS: MUAJ KAB KE HAUV NROOG THIAB HAUV NROOG, FLUORINATED THIAB TSIS-FLUORINATED

Send

Synthesized ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm lub cev hauv adrenal cortex lossis qhov chaw kuaj-tsim steroid lawm, glucocorticoid yog tsom thaiv kev txhim kho cov neeg kho mob.

Cov tshuaj tau txiav txim qhov kev faib tawm ntawm glucocorticoids raws li tus txheej txheem ntawm kev thov, kev ua ub ua no, lub zog ntawm kev ua, nyob ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev coj.

Artificially derived glucocorticosteroids xav tau los tiv thaiv kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm mob o, tsis tshua pom muaj rau kev ua xua lossis ua tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Tej tshuaj steriods kho

Nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab lub caj pas pituitary, cov khoom siv tshuaj hormonal ua ke nyob rau hauv adrenal cortex, tsom xyuas tswj kev mob thaum lub sijhawm ntxhov siab, cov metabolism hauv lub cev, thiab tshem tawm foci ntawm o. Lub sij hawm sib txawv ntawm lub hnub cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.

Cortisol

Cov tshuaj steroid hauv qab no tau muaj qhov txawv:

cortisol (hydrocortisone) tsim tawm thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab, taw qhia kom paub lub cev lub zog yoog lub zog kom tiv taus kev ntxhov siab. Kev ntxhov siab nquag ua rau ntau dhau ntawm cortisol, uas ua rau kom muaj kev sib txuam ntau ntawm qhov hnyav, qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov rog ntawm lub xub pwg thiab lub duav, kev nyuaj siab, pw tsaug zog, pob txha pathology thiab kev ua me nyuam. Cov ntshav cortisol qis ua rau cov neeg poob phaus, txo qis ntshav siab, ua kom ceeb ntshai ntawm qhov sib ceg kawg, ntxhov siab;
cortisone Nws yog synthesized zoo sib xws nrog cortisol, tab sis hauv cov khoom me me. Nws lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua haujlwm hauv metabolism, txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg. Qhov no txo cov kev xav hauv lub hlwb, ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv lub cev, ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov.

Ib txwm muaj sia nyob ntev lossis luv luv ntawm cortisol tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev: thaum lub sijhawm muaj menyuam hauv cov pojniam, tom qab raug mob lossis kis kabmob, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntev, ua rau lub cev ua kom lub cev muaj zog.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv cov ntshav tau pom thaum sawv ntxov, txog 8 teev, maj mam zuj zus thaum nruab hnub, nce mus txog nws qhov tsawg kawg nkaus los ntawm 3 teev sawv ntxov.

Ib qho dhia luv luv ntawm cortisol normalizes ntshav siab, txhim kho cov txheej txheem metabolism, thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv txhua yam.

Tso rau hauv kuaj

Txog kev kho qee yam kab mob, pab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab, thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem hauv metabolic, glucocorticoids tau ntxig. Lawv kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li ntuj tsim, lawv tau siv rau kev tsim cov khoom tsis txaus hauv lub cev.

Cais cov glucocorticoid npaj raws li lawv lub hom phiaj thiab ua rau hauv lub cev. Cov chaw muag tshuaj tau sawv cev rau cov tshuaj hormones nyob rau hauv kev sib txawv, uas sib txawv hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov koom haum pabcuam, thiab nyob hauv kev suav tshuaj.

Prednisone ntsiav tshuaj

Glucocorticoids tsis-fluorinated:

betamethasoneCov. Nws muaj cov nyhuv vasoconstrictor, muaj feem xyuam rau cov metabolism hauv thiab metabolism ntawm BZHU. Muab nthuav tawm ua qhov ncua lossis muab daws kom tau txhaj tshuaj. Nws yog siv rau kev mob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kom khaus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua xua thiab khaus tawv nqaij. Muaj hauv cov tshuaj: Beloderm, Betazone, Betaspan, Diprospam, Celederm, Celeston;
prednisoneCov. Nws yog siv los daws qhov kev tsis haum, qhov tsis haum, qhov ua kom nruab nrab muaj zog. Kev faib tawm ntawm glucocorticoids ntawm pab pawg no raws li tus txheej txheem ntawm daim ntawv thov tau muab faib ua: qhov ncauj, txhaj tshuaj, niam txiv. Nws yog nthuav tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj: Prednisolum, Medopred, Decortin;
methylprednisoloneCov. Siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov leukocytes thiab cov nqaij macrophages. Kev kho mob yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov ncauj thiab niam txiv, nquag ua haujlwm nrog cov kab mob endocrine. Cov tshuaj noj nrog cov tshuaj hormones: Medrol, Metipred.

Los fluorinated glucocorticoids hluavtaws xws li:

dexamethasoneCov. Nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv ib ce. Muaj nyob rau hauv kev txhaj tshuaj, ntsiav tshuaj, tee qhov muag. Cov tshuaj yog cov tshuaj hormones, yog li ntawd, cov neeg mob ntsib kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hormonal, cov txheej txheem hauv lub cev, thiab kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev txoj kev xav. Ntim hauv cov tshuaj: Dexazone, Dexamed, Mexidex;
triamcinoloneCov. Nws yog synthesized rau kev kho mob ntawm autoimmune thyroiditis, psoriatic, gouty thiab rheumatoid kev mob caj dab, hypercalcemia hauv malignant neoplasms. Nthuav hauv qhov ncauj, hno, nqus tau, cov ntawv hauv zos. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj: Kenalog, Berlicort, Polcortolone, Triacort.

Txhua yam tshuaj glucocorticoid tuaj yeem muab cais raws lub sijhawm: luv, nruab nrab, siab ntev. Cov tshuaj steroids ntuj yog suav tias yog luv tshaj plaws, prednisone yog qhov nruab nrab uas hais txog kev sib kis, thiab cov npe saum toj kawg nkaus rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib kis yog dexamethasone, betamethasone, triamcinolone.

Kev siv khoom cuav corticosteroids

Muaj cov khoom hauv ib cheeb tsam lossis dav dav hauv lub cev, cov tshuaj uas muaj glucocorticoids tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj pleev, tee, hno. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los txhawb lub zos qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev ua xua, tshem tawm kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm o, thiab muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv immunostimulating. Raws li tus txheej txheem ntawm daim ntawv thov, glucocorticoids tau faib ua 2 pawg: qhov cuam tshuam hauv ib cheeb tsam thiab lub cev.

Betamethasone Ointment

Pawg 1 - chaw hauv zos:

rau daim ntawv thov tawv nqaij (tshuaj pleev, hmoov, qab zib): Mometasone, Betamethasone, Fluocinolone Acetonide;
tee rau qhov muag, pob ntseg: Betamethasone;
Inhalation: budesonide, flunisolid, fluticasone propianate;
Kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv plab: Betamethasone;
Taw qhia rau cov ntaub so ntswg ua: Hydrocortisone.

Pawg 2 - mauj glucocorticoids:

Hydrocortisone (cov tshuaj nquag (LS) - Cortef);
Prednisone;
Prednisone;
Methylprednisolone;
Dexamethasone;
Triamcinolone;
Betamethasone.

Glucocorticosteroids thaiv qhov khi ntawm immunoglobulin rau mast cell, tiv thaiv kev ua xua tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj hormones yog siv thaum muaj kev fab loj: Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock, urticaria. Qee zaum siv rau hauv zos kev tshem tawm ntawm kev ua xua.

Nrog lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, glucocorticoids tau ua tiav siv hauv kev hloov pauv. Qhov qis dua hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kev tsis lees txais ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov.

Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm phospholipase, kev ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv corticosteroids tiav. Txo cov zis tawm vim qhov nqaim ntawm lub capillary network ua rau txo qis ntawm cov tsos mob ua kom tsis tuaj yeem pom. Rov qab tshwm sim vim qhov ua kom muaj microcirculation hauv qhov txhab.Tsis hais txog kev faib tawm, ntuj thiab ntxig glucocorticoids muaj tib lub chaw muag tshuaj, lawv cov txiaj ntsig kho yog:

hloov (nrog kev tsis muaj tshuaj txaus lawm);
pathogenetic (anti-inflammatory, anti-poob siab, immunosuppressive, anti-ua xua nyhuv);
tsim txom (kev txwv ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm corticoliberin, lub luag haujlwm rau qhov kev txhawj xeeb uas tsis txaus ntseeg) muaj nuj nqi.

Kev siv cov tshuaj nrog glucocorticoids tuaj yeem tiv thaiv pob qij txha thiab pob txha mos los ntawm kev puas tsuaj nrog mob caj dab thiab mob pob txha.

Kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo

Cov tshuaj ntawm cov keeb kwm hormonal muaj ob qho tib si ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev kho mob thiab muaj kev phiv tshuaj phiv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev coj ua hauv chav kawm los ntawm kev saib xyuas nruj los ntawm tus kws kho mob, yam tsis tau noj tshuaj pab tus kheej.

Qhov tsis xav tau yog qhov tshwm sim xws li muaj cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntshav, muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov zis. Steroid mob ntshav qab zib mellitus uas ua los ntawm kev koom tes ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv cov metabolism ntawm cov khoom noj (carbohydrates) yog qhov phom sij tshwj xeeb.

Txoj kev tsis koom tes ntawm cov tshuaj steroids nyob rau hauv cov protein metabolism ua rau lub cev ntawm cov leeg mob. Txo qis collagen ntau lawm ua rau laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, txo nws cov turgor. Kev tsuj ntawm cov protein synthesis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg tshiab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum kho qhov txhab thiab txiav.

Cov nyhuv ntawm glucocorticoids rau cov rog rog ua rau cov kev faib tawm asymmetric ntawm adipose nqaij hauv lub cev. Cov neeg mob muaj tsawg heev tshaj tawm cov roj ntsha subcutaneous rog hauv cov nqua, tab sis nthuav dav ntawm lub caj dab, ntsej muag, hauv siab.

Kev siv sijhawm luv luv siv cov tshuaj steroid tsis yog ua rau cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv.

Haphazard siv sijhawm ntev los ntawm kev siv tshuaj los ntawm keeb kwm hormonal pab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kub siab, mob plawv.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem suav nrog insomnia, tsis meej pem, nco qab mob qaug dab peg hauv cov neeg mob, mob plab zom mov, kev loj hlob qeeb hauv menyuam yaus, pob txha caj qaum. Kev qhia pom hauv zos tsis tshua pom muaj cov kab mob pob qij txha, txhaws qa, hnoos, los ntshav ntawm lub caj pas yog qhov ua tau.