Pioglitazone yog cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj suab thaj qis dua tshiab; nws tau raug coj mus rau hauv kev coj ua hauv xyoo 1996. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg ntawm thiazolidinediones, lub tshuab ntawm kev coj ua hauv nws yog txhawm rau nce qhov rhiab ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab cov rog ua rau insulin. Pioglitazone tsis cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau theem ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj hormones. Cov tshuaj muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, tsis ua rau nws lub cev tsis muaj ntshav qab zib, muaj lub zog zoo ntawm lipid metabolism. Nws qhia tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws hypoglycemic zoo nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm pioglitazone
Txo cov insulin rhiab heev yog ib qhov pib ua rau kev sim ntshav qab zib. Pioglitazone tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj insulin tsis kam, uas ua rau kev tawm ntawm gluconeogenesis nyob rau hauv daim siab, txo qis ntawm kev ua kom muaj cov roj ntsha hauv cov ntshav, thiab kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev siv cov piam thaj los ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Tib lub sijhawm, glycemia txo qis, ntshav lipids normalize, thiab protein glycation qeeb qeeb. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, Pioglitazone tuaj yeem nce cov ntaub so ntswg ntau ntxiv los ntawm 2.5 zaug.
Raws li kev coj ua, metformin tau siv los txo tshuaj insulin. Qhov tshuaj no ua rau kev paub txog kev hnov mob hauv lub siab. Hauv cov leeg thiab cov leeg nqaij adipose, nws cov nyhuv tsis tshua tshaj tawm. Pioglitazone txo qhov tsis kam nyob rau hauv cov rog thiab cov leeg, ua lub zog ntau dua ntawm metformin. Nws yog qhov tawm ntawm cov tshuaj thib ob thaum cov txiaj ntsig ntawm metformin tsis txaus (feem ntau muaj kev rog loj thiab tsis tshua muaj kev txav mus los) lossis nws yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo los ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib.
Nyob rau tom qab ntawm kev kho mob nrog Pioglitazone, qhov ua kom muaj kuab lom ntawm cov piam thaj thiab lipids ntawm beta hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral poob qis, yog li qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm beta hlwb maj mam nce ntxiv, cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv txoj kev tuag qeeb qeeb, insulin synthesis txhim kho.
Hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm Pioglitazone ntawm cov ua rau lub plawv mob ntshav qab zib tau sau tseg. Tom qab 3 xyoo ntawm kev tswj hwm, qib ntawm triglycerides poob rau hauv nruab nrab li 13%, "cov roj" zoo yog nce li 9%. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob stroke thiab lub plawv nres yog txo los ntawm 16%. Nws tau sim ua pov thawj tias, tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev siv Pioglitazone, qhov tuab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha normalizes, thaum qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib mob qis kuj poob qis.
Mob ntshav qab zib thiab siab surges yuav yog ib yam dhau los
- Li qub ntawm qab zib -95%
- Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha thrombosis - 70%
- Ntaus tau ntawm lub plawv dhia muaj zog -90%
- Kev tshem tawm ntshav siab - 92%
- Qhov nce hauv lub zog nruab hnub, txhim kho pw tsaug zog thaum hmo ntuj -97%
Pioglitazone tsis ua rau kom qhov hnyav nce, zoo li cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj insulin. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj qhov txo qis hauv plab vim qhov txo qis hauv cov roj visceral.
Pharmacokinetics ntawm Pioglitazone raws li cov lus qhia: Tom qab tswj hwm ntawm qhov ncauj, cov tshuaj nkag rau hauv cov ntshav tom qab ib nrab ib teev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim ntawm 2 teev yog tias cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav qaug rau ntawm lub plab khoob, thiab ntawm 3.5 teev yog tias lawv tau noj nrog zaub mov. Qhov kev txiav txim tom qab ib koob tshuaj cia rau tsawg kawg ib hnub. Txog li 30% ntawm Pioglitazone thiab nws cov khoom nruab nrog tau tawm hauv cov zis, tus so nrog quav.
Pioglitazone npaj
Tus thawj cov tshuaj ntawm Pioglitazone raug suav hais tias yog Aktos tsim los ntawm Asmeskas chaw lag luam kws kho mob Eli Lilly. Cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj yog Pioglitazone hydrochloride, thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam yog cov cellulose, magnesium stearate thiab lactose. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov tshuaj 15, 30, 45 mg. Tam sim no Aktos qhov kev tso npe hauv Lavxias tau tas sij hawm, cov tshuaj tsis tau sau npe dua tshiab, yog li koj tuaj yeem tsis yuav nws hauv khw muag tshuaj. Thaum xaj los ntawm Tebchaws Europe, tus nqi ntawm Aktos pob yuav yog kwv yees li 3300 rubles. rau ib ntim ntawm 28 ntsiav tshuaj.
Kev ntsuas vaj hauv tebchaws Russia yuav raug nqi ntau dua. Piv txwv li, tus nqi ntawm Pioglar yog kwv yees li 400 rubles. rau 30 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 30 mg. Cov kev npaj hauv qab no ntawm Pioglitazone raug tso npe rau hauv lub xeev cov ntaub ntawv:
Lub Khw | Lub teb chaws ntau lawm ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj | Tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam | Muaj cov tshuaj siv, mg | Lub teb chaws ntau lawm ntawm Pioglitazone | ||
15 | 30 | 45 | ||||
Pioglar | Is Nrias teb | Ranbaxi Lub chaw soj nstuam | + | + | - | Is Nrias teb |
Diab ntau | Lavxias | Krka | + | + | - | Slovenia |
Piouno | Is Nrias teb | Wokhard | + | + | + | Is Nrias teb |
Amalvia | Croatia | Pliva | + | + | - | Croatia |
Astrozone | Lavxias | Cov Kws Muag Tshuaj | - | + | - | Is Nrias teb |
Pioglite | Is Nrias teb | San Tshuaj | + | + | - | Is Nrias teb |
Tag nrho cov tshuaj no ua tiav cov tshuaj analogues ntawm Aktos, uas yog, lawv kiag li rov ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig pharmacological ntawm cov tshuaj qub. Cov txiaj ntsig sib luag yog qhov paub tseeb los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam. Tab sis kev txheeb xyuas ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib tsis ib txwm pom zoo nrog lawv, tib neeg ntseeg Aktos ntau dua.
Kev ntsuas rau nkag
Pioglitazone yog siv los txo qis glycemia hauv cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 xwb. Zoo li lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj, Pioglitazone tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntshav qab zib yog tias cov ntshav qab zib tsis tau hloov kho nws txoj kev ua neej. Ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, koj yuav tsum txo cov khoom noj carbohydrates, thiab nrog rau qhov hnyav tshaj - thiab cov calories, tso rau hauv koj cov kev tawm dag zog txhua hnub. Txhawm rau txhim kho postprandial glycemia, koj yuav tsum tsis suav cov zaub mov nrog GI siab los ntawm kev noj haus, faib cov khoom noj carbohydrates sib npaug rau txhua pluas noj.
Pioglitazone kuj tseem ua haujlwm zoo li kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, tab sis ntau zaus nws yog kws kho raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke kev kho mob los ntawm ob peb tus kab mob hypoglycemic. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tso cai rau koj siv Pioglitazone txuas nrog metformin, sulfonylureas, insulin.
Kev qhia rau kev teem caij noj tshuaj:
- Cov kab mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshiab hauv cov neeg mob hnyav dua, yog tias cov ntshav qab zib muaj qhov tsis sib haum rau kev siv (lub raum tsis ua haujlwm) lossis kev mob tsis zoo (ntuav, raws plab) ntawm metformin.
- Ua ke nrog cov metformin hauv kev rog rog yog tias cov tshuaj metformin monotherapy tsis txaus rau kev ua kom qab zib.
- Hauv kev sib xyaw nrog sulfonylurea kev npaj, yog tias muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias tus neeg mob tau pib ploj zuj zus ntawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm nws cov tshuaj insulin.
- Ntshav qab zib Insulin-tiv thaiv cov ntshav qab zib, yog tias tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj ntau kawg ntawm cov tshuaj insulin vim muaj qhov qis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mus rau nws.
Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj
Cov kev qhia txwv tsis pub noj Pioglitazone hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- yog tias muaj kev tiv thaiv kom tsawg mus rau tsawg kawg ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov tshuaj kuaj tau pom. Kev ua xua me nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm khaus lossis tawm pob tsis tas yuav tsum tsis ua ntxiv;
- nrog hom 1 ntshav qab zib mellitus, txawm hais tias tus neeg mob muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv insulin;
- hauv cov menyuam muaj ntshav qab zib;
- thaum cev xeeb tub thiab HB. Cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tsis tau ua, yog li nws tsis paub meej tias Pioglitazone hla lub chaw placental thiab mus rau hauv mis. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau muab tshem tawm sai li sai tau thaum cev xeeb tub yog tsim;
- lub plawv dhia tsis zoo;
- nyob rau hauv cov mob uas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj insulin (raug mob hnyav, mob thiab phais, ketoacidosis), tag nrho cov ntsiav tshuaj hypoglycemic yog tso tseg ib ntus.
Cov kev qhia tau pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj no nrog kev ceev faj thaum muaj mob edema, ua kom ntshav liab. Nws tsis yog contraindication, tab sis daim siab tsis ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Nrog nephropathy, Pioglitazone tuaj yeem siv ntau dua li metformin, vim tias cov tshuaj no ntau dua tawm los ntawm lub raum.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau teem caij Pioglitazone rau ib qho kab mob plawv. Nws qhov ze tshaj plaws pab pawg analogue, rosiglitazone, qhia txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm myocardial infarction thiab kev tuag los ntawm lwm cov kev mob plawv. Pioglitazone tsis muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim no, tab sis kev tiv thaiv ntxiv thaum noj nws yuav tseem tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Raws li cov kws kho mob, lawv sim ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis qhia tshuaj rau Pioglitazone ntawm txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv tsis txaus.
Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam
Nrog rau kev siv Pioglitazone nrog lwm cov tshuaj, kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig yog qhov ua tau:
Tshuaj | Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam | Koob pauv |
CYP2C8 inhibitors (gemfibrozil) | Cov tshuaj 3 zaug nce lub siab ntawm Pioglitazone hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no tsis ua rau muaj kev noj ntau dhau, tab sis tuaj yeem nce ntxiv cov kev mob tshwm sim. | Yuav tsum tau txo cov tshuaj pioglitazone ntau npaum li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. |
CYP2C8 Inductors (Rifampicin) | 54% txo kev nce qib ntawm Pioglitazone. | Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj yog tsim nyog. |
Qhov ncauj txwv tsis pub muaj | Tsis pom muaj txiaj ntsig dab tsi ntawm glycemia, tab sis ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav raug txo kom tsawg. | Koob tshuaj yuav tsis haum. Nws raug nquahu kom siv txoj hauv kev ntxiv ntawm kev tswj kom tsis txhob muaj menyuam. |
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob (ketoconazole) | Yuav cuam tshuam nrog qhov nthuav tawm ntawm pioglitazone, txhim kho kev mob tshwm sim. | Lub sijhawm ntev siv ua ke yog qhov tsis xav tau. |
Hauv lwm cov tshuaj, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog Pioglitazone raug kuaj pom.
Cov kev cai rau noj Pioglitazone
Tsis hais txog qhov noj ntau npaum, Pioglitazone yog qaug ib hnub ib zaug rau mob ntshav qab zib. Tsis tas khi cov khoom noj.
Kev xaiv raws txheej txheem:
- Raws li cov pib txoj kev haus, haus 15 lossis 30 mg. Txog cov mob ntshav qab zib, cov kev qhia pom zoo kom pib kho mob nrog 30 mg. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, nrog rau kev sib koom tes nrog cov metformin, 15 mg ntawm Pioglitazone ib hnub yog txaus rau ntau yam.
- Cov tshuaj maj mam txo cov tshuaj insulin, yog li nws nyuaj rau qhov ntsuas nws cov hauj lwm zoo nrog cov ntsuas ntshav qab zib hauv tsev. Tus mob ntshav qab zib xav tau kev soj ntsuam peb lub hlis ntawm glycated hemoglobin. Qhov koob tshuaj Pioglitazone yog nce ntxiv los ntawm 15 mg yog tias, tom qab 3 lub hlis ntawm kev noj GH, nws tseem nyob siab dua 7%.
- Yog tias Pioglitazone siv nrog sulfonylurea lossis insulin, hypoglycemia yuav tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum txo qis cov tshuaj ntxiv, qhov koob tshuaj Pioglitazone tseem tshuav qhov hloov pauv. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob insulin tsis kam qhia tau tias cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm txo qis cov tshuaj insulin uas yuav luag siv li plaub lub hlis twg.
- Qhov ntau tshaj yog qhov tau tso cai los ntawm cov lus qhia rau cov ntshav qab zib yog 45 mg nrog kev kho mob monotherapy, 30 mg thaum siv nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj suab thaj. Yog tias tom qab 3 lub hlis ntawm kev siv Pioglitazone ntawm qhov ntau kawg, GH tsis tau rov qab mus rau qhov qub, lwm tus neeg mob yog tshuaj los tswj glycemia.
Sab sij huam
Kev teem sij hawm ntawm Pioglitazone hauv kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob yog txwv los ntawm qhov tsis xav tau ntawm lub zog, ntau yam uas nce ntxiv nrog kev siv lub sijhawm ntev:
- Hauv thawj rau lub hlis, hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, kev kho mob nrog Pioglitazone nrog sulfonylurea lossis insulin yog nrog los ntawm kev nce phaus mus txog 3.7 kg, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem no tswj tau. Thaum noj nrog metformin, lub cev hnyav tsis nce. Hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, qhov txiaj ntsig tsis tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias cov neeg mob feem ntau yog rog dhau los. Hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias huab hwm coj nce feem ntau yog vim muaj cov rog subcutaneous, thiab qhov ntim ntawm cov feem ntau txaus ntshai visceral rog, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tsawg dua. Ntawd yog, txawm tias hnyav dua, Pioglitazone tsis pab txhawb kev txhim kho vascular cov teeb meem ntshav qab zib.
- Qee tus neeg mob pom tias muaj cov kua dej hauv lub cev. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv xov xwm qhia tias ntau zaus ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm edema nrog Pioglitazone monotherapy yog 5%, nrog rau cov tshuaj insulin - 15%. Kev ceev cia dej yog nrog los ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav thiab cov kua dej ntxiv. Nws yog nrog cov kev mob tshwm sim no uas cov neeg mob plawv nres cuam tshuam nrog hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Pioglitazone.
- Kev kho mob tuaj yeem nrog lub ntsis hemoglobin thiab hematocrit me ntsis txo. Qhov laj thawj tseem yog cov kua dej ceev, tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntshav tau pom hauv cov tshuaj.
- Nrog kev siv lub sijhawm ntev ntawm rosiglitazone, ib qho piv txwv ntawm Pioglitazone, qhov txo qis ntawm pob txha ceev thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha tawg tau pom. Rau Pioglitazone, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no.
- Hauv 0.25% ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, tau nce peb zaug hauv ALT qib tau pom. Hauv qee kis, muaj tus kab mob siab.
Kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv
Kev siv Pioglitazone xav tau kev soj ntsuam ntxiv txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib:
Ua txhaum | Kev Tshawb Fawb |
O o | Nrog cov tsos ntawm pom pom ntawm pob txha, qhov nce ntxiv hauv qhov hnyav, cov tshuaj tau muab tso tseg thiab cov tshuaj diuretics yog kho. |
Lub plawv khiav tsis zoo | Xav kom tshem tawm tam sim ntawm Pioglitazone. Txoj kev pheej hmoo yuav nce ntxiv thaum siv tshuaj insulin thiab NSAIDs. Tus mob ntshav qab zib tau hais kom ua ntu zus ua ECG. |
Premenopause, ua haujlwm khiav ceev. | Cov tshuaj yuav txhawb kev ovulation. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub thaum noj nws, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim nyog. |
Ntsig ALT | Yuav tsum muaj kev tshuaj xyuas txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua txhaum cai. Nyob rau thawj xyoo ntawm kev kho mob, kev xeem raug kuaj txhua 2 hlis ib zaug. |
Kab mob pwm | Ketoconazole kev ua kom tsawg yuav tsum tau nrog kev tswj hwm txhim kho glycemic. |
Yuav hloov li cas hloov Pioglitazone
Ntawm cov tshuaj muaj feem rau thiazolidinedione pab pawg, tsuas yog rosiglitazone tau sau npe nyob hauv Russia tshwj tsis yog Pioglitazone. Nws yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj Roglit, Avandia, Avandamet, Avandaglim. Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias kev kho mob mus ntev nrog rosiglitazone nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, tuag los ntawm myocardial infarction, yog li ntawd, nws tau sau tseg tsuas yog thaum tsis muaj lwm txoj kev xaiv.
Ntxiv rau Pioglitazone, metformin-based tshuaj txo cov tshuaj insulin kuj. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho qhov thev taus ntawm cov tshuaj no, hloov cov ntsiav tshuaj tso tawm tau tsim - Glucofage Ntev thiab analogues.
Ob tus rosiglitazone thiab metformin muaj ntau yam contraindications, yog li lawv tuaj yeem tsuas yog los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob
Endocrinologist xa cov tshuaj pioglitazone tsis tshua muaj. Qhov laj thawj rau lawv tsis nyiam cov tshuaj no, lawv hu rau kev xav tau ntxiv rau kev tswj xyuas hemoglobin thiab lub siab ua haujlwm, qhov kev pheej hmoo siab los ntawm kev muab tshuaj rau cov neeg mob ntsws thiab cov neeg laus, uas ua rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob xav txog Pioglitazone ua lwm txoj kev siv cov tshuaj metformin thaum nws siv tsis tau, thiab tsis yog qhov ywj siab hypoglycemic.
Hauv cov ntshav qab zib, Pioglitazone kuj tseem tsis nrov. Qhov teeb meem loj heev rau nws siv yog tus nqi siab ntawm cov tshuaj, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tau txais nws dawb. Cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj, uas kuj tsis ntxiv nws muaj koob meej. Cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hnyav, thiab cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua txog cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thaum noj glitazones tau ceeb toom cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Thawj cov ntsiav tshuaj tau ntaus nqi los ntawm cov neeg mob yog qhov ua tau zoo thiab nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Lawv ntseeg tsawg dua cov generics, nyiam kev kho mob nrog cov txhais tau ib txwm: metformin thiab sulfonylureas.