Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv menyuam yaus tsis yog ib txwm ib txwm muaj peev xwm ua qhov npog qhov ncauj thaum muaj mob lossis phais mob. Hauv peb lub hlis twg ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim ua tsis nco qab
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev paub txog tus mob ntshav qab zib thaum ntxov rau menyuam yaus yog txuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim ntaub so ntswg thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho thiab loj hlob ntawm lub cev.
Thaum kuaj tau tus kab mob ntshav qab zib ua ntej thiab nrhiav tshuaj kho tau, qhov muaj feem ntau yuav tswj hwm koj tus kheej cov tshuaj insulin, qhov yooj yim dua rau tus me nyuam kom muaj tus kab mob.
Ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib hauv menyuam yaus
Hauv kev tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov menyuam yaus, ob pawg ntawm yam tseem ceeb koom nrog - sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Qhov thib ib yog qub txeeg qub teg los ntawm ntshav qab zib los ntawm niam txiv. Txoj kev pheej hmoo nce ntxiv yog ob leeg niam txiv muaj mob lossis muaj ntshav qab zib hauv lawv tsev neeg.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, raws li txoj cai, thawj hom mob ntshav qab zib tshwm sim - insulin-tiv thaiv. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb muaj feem ntau hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib dua li lwm tus neeg. Cov no suav nrog cov keeb kwm kev ua kom haum xaj uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Txij li thaum muaj cov noob no tsis yog ib txwm ua rau cov ntshav qab zib, peb xav tau qee yam kev cuam tshuam sab nraud rau nws cov kev ua kom paub. Lawv tuaj yeem ua kom puas tsuaj cov hlwb ua rau ntawm txoj kev txiav los yog ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov leeg nqaij, cov hlwb los yog lawv cov khoom siv.
Tej yam no suav nrog:
- Kab mob ua qoob rubella, mob ntshav siab thiab mob qog, Koksaki B4.
- Txoj kev ntxhov siab.
- Kev pub mis, vim tias cov protein ntawm cov nyuj cov kua mis zoo ib yam li cov protein ntawm cov txiav ua kua thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pib ntawm lawv.
- Cov kab mob tsis haum nrog cov teeb meem metabolic (cov thyroid caj pas, pituitary caj pas lossis cov qog ua ntshav).
- Txo tiv thaiv kab mob.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, ntshav qab zib yuav tsis pom nws tus kheej ntev ntev, thiab nws tsuas yog txiav txim los ntawm kev kuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov txiav thiab cov ntshav dej. Xws li kev tshuaj xyuas yog ua tiav ntawm cov niam txiv muaj ntshav qab zib lossis yog tias tus menyuam tau yug los uas muaj qhov hnyav tshaj 4.5 kg lossis nrog cov ntawv tsis tseeb.
Cov tsos mob ntshav qab zib hauv cov menyuam yaus
Cov tsos mob thawj zaug ntawm kev ua kom tsis taus cov roj metabolism hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum muaj khoom qab zib nce ntxiv, nws yuav nyuaj rau qhov nws tiv taus kom txog thaum noj mov tom ntej, tshaib plab mob taub hau feem ntau tshwm sim.
Tom qab noj mov, cov menyuam yaus no yuav pib tsaug zog thiab tsis muaj zog tom qab 1.5 lossis 2 teev. Yog tias cov tsos mob zoo li no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj los ntawm endocrinologist. Cov niam txiv kuj yuav tsum tau nrhiav tswv yim nrog cov cim ntawm cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij tas li - furunculosis, neurodermatitis, ichthyosis thiab pyoderma. Mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tsis pom kev lossis pom pob txha ntev.
Nyob rau theem tom ntej, thaum lub txiav txiav tsis taus nws lub peev xwm los tsim cov tshuaj insulin, thiab qhov no tshwm sim thaum 90% ntawm beta hlwb tuag, cov ntshav qab zib ua tau nrog nce nqhis dej thiab tso zis heev. Ob tus tsos mob no, ua ke nrog kev poob phaus, feem ntau tshwm sim rau ntshav qab zib.
Lawv cov tsos yog qhov xav txog ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav qabzib vim yog txo qis hauv insulin. Cov kua nplaum nqus dej los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mus rau nws tus kheej, uas ua rau lub cev qhuav dej thiab nqhis dej heev. Cov me nyuam tshwj xeeb yog nqhis dej thaum yav tsaus ntuj thiab thaum tsaus ntuj. Kev tso zis nce ntxiv vim yog cov ntau ntawm cov ntshav ncig.
Muaj ntau yam qab los noj mov. Tus me nyuam noj zoo, tab sis txawm hais tias qhov no poob zoo. Nkees thiab nkees nkees ua ke nrog kev tshaib plab ntawm cov hlwb uas tsis tau txais zaub mov txaus.
Hauv cov menyuam mos, cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog:
- Tus menyuam tsis rog phaus.
- Tom qab noj mov tas, tus me nyuam dhau los, thiab tom qab haus dej - yooj yim dua.
- Ntawm cov qau, muaj pob khaus tsis haum nrog lub cev zoo.
- Zis ntawm cov pawm thaum cov ntaub ntawv qhuav ua rau ntom, zoo li starched, stain. Thaum cov zis nkag rau hauv pem teb lossis lwm qhov chaw, lawv tau zom.
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 3 mus rau 5 xyoos, cov tsos mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem raug lees paub thaum sijhawm, thiab nws tuaj yeem pom thawj zaug nrog rau precoma lossis coma.
Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus yuag yuag, yuag txog kev tawm sab nrauv, lub plab nce ntxiv, pom tsis tau, ua tsis tau dab tsi, mob plab tsis huv.
Cov menyuam tsis kam noj vim yog xeev ntuav, ntuav, muaj qhov tsis hnov ntxhiab ntawm acetone los ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
Qhia cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov hluas
Rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog 10 xyoo thiab laus dua, tsis tsuas yog thawj hom mob ntshav qab zib yog tus yam ntxwv, tab sis kuj vim tias muaj khoom noj khoom haus tsawg kawg - cov khoom noj, cov zaub mov yoo mov, cov dej qab zib qab zib thiab lub cev tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev nyiam ua si, qhov kev tsis txaus siab hormonal tsim muaj hom mob ntshav qab zib thib ob, vam meej tawm tsam tom qab ntawm kev rog.
Thaum ze ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 13, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau yog yooj yim los txheeb xyuas, raws li lawv tau tshaj tawm. Txij li thaum pib mob ntshav qab zib mus txog nws cov kev nquag tshwm sim, nws kav ntev txog rau lub hlis. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm kev ntxhov siab, kis kab mob, lossis muaj ib chav zais thiab tshwm sim thaum kuaj mob.
Rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, cov tsos mob tshwm sim li nram no:
- Enuresis thiab ua kom tso zis heev.
- Cov dej tsis haum lub cev tas li - qhov ncauj qhuav thiab nqhis dej.
- Poob los yog sai sai cov nce phaus.
- Qhov zuaj ntshav qab zib ntawm lub puab tsaig, hauv pliaj thiab puab tsaig.
- Txo cov tawv nqaij elasticity.
- Pob txuv
- Qaug zog, tsis quav ntsej.
- Ntau dhau ntawm tus kab mob thiab kab mob.
Hauv cov menyuam ntxhais, lub cev ntas coj khaub ncaws tuaj yeem ua txhaum, nws khaus khaus ntawm qhov chaw mos tshwm. Hauv cov hluas, qhov tsim ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib deev theem qeeb qeeb. Rau cov menyuam yaus zoo li no, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev noj haus zoo, tsis hais hauv tsev thiab tom tsev kawm ntawv. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis lees txais ua tiav ntawm cov piam thaj thiab muaj cov hmoov nplej khoom noj thiab muaj tseeb, muaj kev paub tseeb txog kev noj zaub mov.
Cov khoom qab zib tuaj yeem tsuas yog siv nrog cov piam thaj hloov thiab hauv qhov ntau me me, koj kuj yuav tsum tsis suav cov khoom noj muaj roj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nqaij, roj qaub cream thiab qab zib. Nco ntsoov muab cov khoom noj muaj protein, protein thiab vitamins kom txaus. Kev txais tos txais txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm blueberries, lingonberries, tus nqi vitamin nrog sawv duav thiab aronia.
Qos yaj ywm kuj tseem pom zoo kom txo qis hauv cov zaub mov, hloov nws nrog Jerusalem artichoke, kom txwv los yog txiav tawm tag nrho semolina thiab mov, txiv hmab, hnub tim thiab figs. Qaub-mis cov khoom lag luam, tsev cheese, cov ntses uas muaj roj tsawg thiab zaub nyoos los ntawm cov zaub qhwv tshiab thiab cov zaub ntsuab, cov txiv lws suav yog qhov pom zoo.
Ntxiv rau, cov menyuam yaus tau pom muaj kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog, hiking, ua luam dej. Muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxhov plawv hauv tsev neeg thiab hauv tsev kawm ntawv kuj tseem ceeb heev.
Kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Txhua tus menyuam yaus muaj feem yuav pom qhov tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv rau lub hlis. Feem ntau, cov kua nplaum ceev ceev tau txiav txim siab thiab kev soj ntsuam txhua hnub yog nqa nrog daim ntawv glycemic. Cov ntshav muaj ntshav qabzib nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam.
Rau cov menyuam yaus txij li ob hnub txog 3 asthiv (hauv mmol / l) - 2.8-4.4; los ntawm 4 lub lis piam mus txog 14 xyoos, 3.3 - 5.6 mmol / L. tom qab 14 xyoo - los ntawm 4.1 txog 5.9.
Nyob hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem tshawb pom qhov nce ntshav hauv cov ntshav ntau yog siv cov kua nplaum los yog siv cov qauv ntsuas qhov muag pom. Kuj tseem muaj cov ntshav qab zib soj ntsuam tom tsev yam tsis muaj hnub so.
Qhov thib ob kos npe rau kev kuaj mob yog kev txiav txim siab ntawm theem ntawm glycated hemoglobin. Los ntawm kev cuam tshuam qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov nce ntawm cov piam thaj hauv peb lub hlis dhau los. Qhov ntsuas no tseem siv los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kev kho mob tau hais tseg thiab kwv yees txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib muaj teeb meem.
Nws yog txiav txim siab raws li ib feem pua ntawm tag nrho hemoglobin. Xws li qhov ntsuas tsis muaj hnub nyoog nce thiab ntau li ntawm 4.5 txog 6,5 feem pua.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog cov piam thaj hauv cov zis, yuav tsum tau ntim txhua hnub thiab cov piam thaj ib txwm yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 2.8 mmol ib hnub.
Ib qho ntxiv, yog xav tias ntshav qab zib tau xav tias, yuav tsum kuaj ntshav qabzib. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias ua ntej lawv kuaj xyuas cov ntshav qabzib sai, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv muab tus menyuam haus dej qabzib ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1.75 g ib phaus ntawm qhov hnyav, tab sis tsis tshaj 75 g. Tom qab ob teev, kev soj ntsuam rov ua dua.
Li qub (cov ntaub ntawv hauv mmol / l) txog 7.8; nce mus txog 11.1 - tsis pom zoo kam txais - mob ntshav qab zib. Kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib yog tau lees tias muaj nuj nqis tshaj 11.1.
Kev tsom xam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov txiav ua qab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab kev qhia paub txog kev txiav txim siab mob ntshav qab zib hauv menyuam yaus yam tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim. Qhov no yog vim muaj tej yam xws li:
- Ntshav qab zib Hom 1 yog ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov nqaij ntshig ntawm txoj hlab ntaws.
- Cov kev ua hauv kev rhuav tshem cov islet hlwb yog ncaj qha faib rau lub titer ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwm sim ntev ua ntej thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, thaum koj tseem tuaj yeem sim txuag cov txiav ua leeg.
- Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pab kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab hom 2 thiab qhia cov tshuaj insulin kom raws sijhawm.
Nws tau muaj pov thawj tias hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 xyoos cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog: ICA (rau cov hlwb-hlwb ntawm tus txiav) thiab IAA (rau insulin).
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem cell hauv cov islets ntawm Langerhans txhawb qhov kev tsim khoom ntawm autoantibodies rau lawv cov khoom siv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias lawv tshwm sim 1-8 xyoo ua ntej thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib. ICA pom nyob rau hauv 70-95% ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib insulin-tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav qab zib (rau kev sib piv, 0.1-0.5% hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv).
Txawm hais tias tus me nyuam tsis muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus, tab sis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tshawb pom, tom ntej no hom 1 ntshav qab zib yuav tshwm sim nrog kev cia siab ntawm kwv yees li 87 feem pua. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau lawv tus kheej lossis txhaj tshuaj insulin kuj tseem pom thawj hom mob ntshav qab zib, yog tias kuaj ntshav qab zib hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 5 xyoos, ces cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau insulin raug tshawb pom hauv 100% ntawm cov neeg mob. Daim vis dis aus hauv tsab xov xwm no tsuas yog nthuav qhia qhov teeb meem mob ntshav qab zib thaum yau thiab nws cov kev kho mob.
