Moflaxia 400 Cov Ntshav Qab Zib

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Moflaxia 400 - ntsiav tshuaj nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tua kabmob, muaj 400 mg ntawm moxifloxacin. Lub nquag sib txuas ua ke muaj txiaj ntsig tawm tsam gram-negative thiab gram-zoo aerobes. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb muab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem sib kis, nrog rau kev mob hnyav. Hauv kev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv.

Lub Npe Tsis Yog Neeg Tsis Muaj Npe

Moxifloxacin.

Moflaxia 400 - ntsiav tshuaj nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tua kabmob, muaj 400 mg ntawm moxifloxacin.

ATX

J01MA14.

Tso cov ntawv thiab cov nyob ua ke

Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj 400 mg ntawm cov nquag sib xyaw - moxifloxacin hydrochloride. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev nqus, cov tshuaj nquag tau ua ke nrog cov khoom ntxiv:

  • magnesium stearate;
  • microcrystalline cellulose;
  • croscarmellose sodium.

Cov xim ntawm daim ntawv foos no yog xim liab tsaus, vim yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub zas liab. Cov ntsiav tshuaj yog coated nrog titanium dioxide, macrogol thiab hypromellose. Cov pawg ntawm cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv cardboard pob ntawm 5, 10, 15 pieces nyob rau hauv blisters.

Cov nyhuv bactericidal yog vim yog kev thaiv lub cev ntawm cov enzymatic kev ua haujlwm ntawm intracellular tebchaw cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv noob.

Pharmacological kev txiav txim

Cov kab mob bactericidal ntawm kev ua yog vim yog kev thaiv ntawm topoisomerase II thiab IV, protein metabolism thiab inhibition ntawm enzymatic kev ua haujlwm ntawm intracellular cov koom ua ke koom nrog kev rov luam tawm thiab hloov cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv gene. Raws li kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog kho, lub zog ntawm phab ntsa cell tsawg dua. Lub pathogenic strain tuag vim kev ua txhaum ntawm osmotic lub siab.

Cov Tshuaj Pharmacokinetics

Thaum noj, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov ncauj pib sai sai rau hauv cov hnyuv phab ntsa, los ntawm qhov twg nws tawg rau hauv cov hlab ntshav. Nrog rau qhov koob tshuaj ib zaug xwb ntawm 400 mg, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov dej siab yog tsau hauv 30-240 feeb tom qab thov. Bioavailability yog 91%. Hauv cov ntshav, cov kev txuas nrog cov protein ntshav tau nce mus txog 45%.

Cov tshuaj ua ke nrog albumin pib kis los ntawm cov nqaij thiab kua dej. Kev siab siab ntawm moxifloxacin yog pom nyob hauv alveoli ntawm lub ntsws, bronchi, cutaneous epithelium, hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Thaum dhau los ntawm hepatocytes, cov tshuaj sib txuas nquag muaj kev cuam tshuam biotransformation nrog kev tsim cov glucuronides thiab sulfates uas tsis muaj antimicrobial kev ua haujlwm.

Kev tshem tawm ib nrab-lub neej kav rau 12 teev. Cov tshuaj tua kabmob yog tawm hauv thawj daim ntawv ntawm moxifloxacin nrog rau cov zis los ntawm 15%, nrog quav hauv daim ntawv ntawm metabolites los ntawm 25%.

Thaum noj, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov ncauj pib sai sai rau hauv cov hnyuv phab ntsa, los ntawm qhov twg nws tawg rau hauv cov hlab ntshav.

Kev ntsuas rau siv

Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem sau tshuaj Moflaxia thaum ntsib cov txheej txheem kis tau tus kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis hauv lub cev moxifloxacin:

  • mob hnyav ntawm cov hlab ntshav;
  • cov kab mob ntsws;
  • cov kab mob ntsws hauv zej zog;
  • kis kev puas tsuaj rau cov tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij mos, ua mob nyuab lossis tsis yooj yim cov kab mob thib ob (ko taw mob ntshav qab zib);
  • cov kab mob o ntawm tus poj niam lub cev;
  • mob plab hauv plab;
  • stomatitis, prostatitis, mob cystitis;
  • cov kab mob sib kis thiab kab mob hauv lub plab hu ua pelvic, tsis yog nrog nrog kev txhim kho ntawm teeb meem.

Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj

Hauv kev siv tshuaj, Moflaxia tsis yog kws kho rau:

  • muaj cov txheej txheem pathological ntawm tendons uas tau tsim los ntawm kev kho mob nrog quinolones;
  • lengthening lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm Q-T cov hniav nyob rau cardiogram;
  • kev puas tsuaj hauv dej-electrolyte sib npaug;
  • hais tau qhov nkag siab ntawm lub cev mus rau fluoroquinolones tshuaj tua kab mob lossis rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm Moflaxia;
  • cov kab mob vascular hnyav;
  • nce kev ua si ntawm hepatic aminotransferases.

Cov tshuaj no yog txwv rau kev siv los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab lactating.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas kev kho mob nruj me ntsis nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, nce kev chim siab, poob siab.
Cov tshuaj tau noj nyob rau hauv muaj ulcerative erosive kab mob ntawm lub gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av.
Cov tshuaj no tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig lub plawv nres.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas mob nkeeg nruj me ntsis thaum muaj mob plawv mob plawv.
Cov tshuaj coj mus nyob rau qhov muaj kab mob siab.

Nrog saib xyuas

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas mob nkeeg nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

  • pathological txheej txheem ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab hlwb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau txhim kho txoj leeg mob;
  • kev puas siab puas ntsws, nce ntxiv kev txob taus, txob txob;
  • gastrointestinal ulcerative kab mob;
  • kev ntaus lub siab tuaj;
  • kev mob plawv hauv lub plawv;
  • rog ua paug lossis mob rau daim siab;
  • tsis muaj cov piam thaj-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
  • myasthenia gravis.

Nws tsis pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv parallel nrog cov tshuaj uas txo cov concentration ntawm potassium ions hauv lub plasma.

Yuav ua li cas noj Moflaxia 400

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog npaj rau kev siv qhov ncauj. Qhov pom zoo rau kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub rau kev siv ib zaug yog 400 mg, tsis hais lub sijhawm noj mov. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob koom nrog, coj los ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov txheej txheem kab mob, nws qhov chaw nyob thiab tus neeg mob cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam:

  • tag nrho lub sijhawm rau kev kho mob rau kev mob ntsws hauv zej zog uas yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm Moflaxia 400 yog 1-2 lub lis piam;
  • nyob rau hauv mob sinusitis - 1 lub lim tiam;
  • kev kis mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ua yam tsis muaj teeb meem, yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob ua ntej 7 hnub;
  • o ntawm cov tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij mos mos yog raug rau cov kauj ruam kev kho mob ntev kawg 7-21 hnub;
  • cov kab mob ntsws ntev ntev hauv kev mob hnyav tau kho tau 5-10 hnub;
  • kev kis tus kab mob hauv lub plab yuav tsum tau kho rau 5-14 hnub thaum muaj kev phom sij;
  • kev kho mob ntawm lub plab mog ntu 2 lub lis piam.
Lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev kho mob rau cov mob ntsws los ntawm zej zog uas yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm Moflaxia 400 yog 1-2 lub lis piam.
Nyob rau hauv cov mob hnyav ntawm qhov kev mob siab, chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob nrog yeeb tshuaj kav ntev li 1 lub lis piam.
Kev kis mob rau daim tawv nqaij, ua qhov tsis muaj teeb meem, yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob ua ntej 7 hnub.
Kab mob ntsws ntev ntev hauv txoj kev mob nyav yog kho tau 5-10 hnub.
Kev kis mob ntawm lub plab hauv plab yuav tsum tau kho rau 5-14 hnub thaum pom muaj teeb meem.

Qhov siab kawg ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob yog 21 hnub. Nws tsis raug nquahu kom tshaj qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev kho mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov kab mob pathogenic tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tshuaj fluoroquinolone, vim tias kho cov nyhuv yuav tsis tuaj.

Noj cov tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib

Cov tshuaj tua kabmob tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov glycemic tshuav nyiaj hauv lub cev thiab cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj hypoglycemic. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, moxifloxacin tsis ua txhaum txoj haujlwm hormonal ntawm pancreatic beta hlwb, thiab vim li no, ntxiv cov tshuaj kho rau cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis 2 tsis tas yuav tsum.

Kev mob tshwm sim ntawm Moflaxia 400

Cov kev xav tsis zoo tshwm sim nrog kev siv tshuaj tsis raug lossis tiv thaiv tsis raug.

Kev kho mob txoj hnyuv

Kev mob hauv lub plab zom mov tuaj yeem ua ke nrog mob, xeev siab, dysphagia, raws plab thiab saj tsis haum, kev txhim kho pseudomembranous mob plab. Qhov kawg tom qab tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm kev zawv plab ntev nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntshav. Thaum paub tseeb tias kev kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj tua kab mob.

Vim kev thaiv cov ntshav ua rau cov plab hnyuv siab raum, cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb thiab qe ntshav muaj ntshav tsawg tuaj.

Hematopoietic plab hnyuv siab raum

Vim kev thaiv cov ntshav ua rau cov plab hnyuv siab raum, cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb thiab qe ntshav muaj ntshav tsawg tuaj.

Nruab nrab hauv lub paj hlwb

Ua txhaum ntawm lub paj hlwb tshwm sim raws li:

  • pw tsaug zog (insomnia);
  • tshee hnyo
  • zoo lub cev muaj zog;
  • kev nyuaj siab lub xeev;
  • tsis meej pem thiab tsis nco qab;
  • mob leeg;
  • Kiv taub hau
  • hnyav dua nyob hauv qis dua;
  • ploj ntawm kev tswj lub siab.
    Los ntawm kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj, pw tsaug zog kev ntxhov siab (insomnia) tau ua pov thawj.
    Kev phiv los sis tshuaj yog lub xeev txhawb kev zoo.
    Los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab tuaj yeem yuav tsis nco qab.
    Los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no, kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov leeg hlwb tau tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov leeg mob.

Los ntawm cov kab mob zis

Muaj qee kis, kev mob tso zis tawm tau.

Los ntawm lub tshuab ua pa

Nrog rau kev ua kom lub cev siab, dyspnea tuaj yeem tsim kho.

Ntawm feem ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij mos

Cov tsos ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txhim kho khaus, qhov tshwm sim ntawm pob, erythema.

Ntawm ib feem ntawm cov metabolism thiab khoom noj khoom haus

Thaum dhau qhov kev sim hauv chav sim, qhov kev txo qis hauv lub sijhawm prothrombin thiab kev ua kom amylase nce ntxiv yog qhov ua tau.

Los ntawm cov hlab plawv system

Hauv qee kis, ntev tachycardia tuaj yeem tsim kho.

Ib cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv Moflaxia 400 los ntawm cov hlab plawv cov hlab ntsws tuaj yeem ua pa tachycardia.

Endocrine system

Muaj peev xwm tawm hws.

Los ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab pob txha sib txuas

Tus neeg mob yuav hnov ​​mob hauv qab nraub qaum, pob qij txha, thiab cov leeg.

Kev ua xua

Yog tias muaj lub siab xav qhov tseeb, muaj qhov muaj lub siab khaus khaus khaus los yog ua tawv nqaij.

Cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm los tswj cov tshuab

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub peev xwm tsav lub tsheb lossis cov txheej txheem tsis yooj yim, yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm tiv thaiv tshuaj tua kab mob, tsav tsheb lossis koom tes rau lwm yam kev ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas ntau ntxiv thiab tus nqi siab tshaj plaws los ntawm tus neeg mob tau tso cai.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv moxifloxacin nrog kev ceev faj hauv cov neeg mob vwm, kev nce QT ntau ntxiv ntawm qhov electrocardiogram, thiab daim siab tsis ua haujlwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm siv tshuaj kho nrog fluoroquinolones, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem nyob hauv cov leeg nrog nrog kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm tenosynovitis nce ntxiv hauv cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog 65 xyoos thiab nrog txoj kev kho kom zoo nrog glucocorticosteroids. Thaum thawj cov tsos mob hnov ​​mob lossis cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tso tseg tsis noj Moflaxia tam sim ntawd. Nws raug nquahu kom txwv qee yam kev tawm dag zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov thau ntawm cov nqaj nrog cov txheej txheem pathological.

Siv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation

Cov tshuaj tsis tau sau tseg rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm moxifloxacin los ntawm qhov chaw tso tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj ua kom muaj zog tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom hauv nruab nrog cev hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm embryonic kev txhim kho.

Nyob rau lub sij hawm kho mob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau xa tus me nyuam mus rau kev noj haus kom tsis muaj zog.

Hauv cov neeg laus dua, thaum noj tshuaj, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev txhim kho cov leeg hauv cov leeg thiab leeg caj dab, txuas nrog kev ua kom tawg.
Cov neeg mob uas tsis ua haujlwm lub raum tsis tas yuav kho qhov tsuas tshuaj.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo yuav tsum tsis tas kho qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj.

Tshuaj Moflaxia rau 400 tus menyuam

Ua ntej hnub nyoog 18 xyoo, txwv tsis pub muab tshuaj rau noj.

Siv rau lub sijhawm qub

Cov neeg laus dua yuav ua rau mob ntxiv rau cov nqaij thiab caj dab, ces txuas mus rau kev sib tawg.

Daim ntawv thov rau lub raum khiav tsis zoo

Cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm tsis tas yuav kho cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas.

Siv rau lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo

Cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo yuav tsum tsis tas kho qhov ntau npaum li cas.

Kev Siv Ntau Tshaj ntawm Moflaxia 400

Thaum lub sij hawm kawm preclinical, tsis muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kev noj ntau dhau thaum noj 1200 mg ntawm cov tshuaj ib zaug lossis 600 mg txhua hnub rau 10 hnub. Nyob ntawm tus neeg tus yam ntxwv, kev nthuav dav ntawm kev phiv los sis lawv qhov exacerbation yog tau.

Thaum muaj mob pw hauv tsev kho mob, kev ntsuas kho mob yuav ua tiav los tshem tawm cov duab mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv ntau dhau. Kev ua pa roj carbon yog pom zoo kom tiv thaiv kom txhob nqus cov ntshav ntau ntxiv.

Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov duab mob tshwm sim ntawm kev siv ntau dhau, nws raug nquahu kom nqa cov pa hluav taws.

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Muaj tshuaj muaj peev xwm tsis haum nrog kev siv loj ntawm moxifloxacin nrog cov tshuaj hauv qab no:

  • antiarrhythmic tshuaj IA thiab III chav kawm;
  • antihistamines;
  • cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj erythromycin rau kev tswj hwm tshuaj, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, Sparfloxacin;
  • Vincomycin;
  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj;
  • Lub Cim Txhaum;
  • tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
  • Cisapride.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev noj haus nrog cov multivitamin thiab cov pob zeb hauv av ua kom yooj yim, cov tshuaj magnesium thiab hlau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem txo qhov nqus ntawm moxifloxacin. Hauv qhov no, cov nyhuv tua kab mob yog tsis muaj zog. Rau kev nqus ntawm moxifloxacin, nws yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no 4 teev tom qab lossis 4 teev tom qab siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Warfarin thiab lwm yam tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig uas hloov cov ntshav coagulation tsis hloov pauv pharmacokinetic ntawm moxifloxacin.

Nrog rau txoj kev siv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj anticoagulants, cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshuaj anticoagulant nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj tau sau tseg. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj anticoagulant ntau ntxiv nce ntawm qhov muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv mob hnyav, tus neeg mob tsis xis nyob. Cov neeg laus yuav muaj kev nquag los tsim cov co coulation. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau kev tswj hwm tib lub sijhawm ntawm moxifloxacin nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tom kawg.

Moxifloxacin muaj peev xwm nce siab tshaj plaws ntshav plasma concentration ntawm digoxin txog 30%. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov ntsuas kev soj ntsuam, vim tias qhov nce ntxiv ntawm theem ntawm cov khoom ua si tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob.

Cov pa roj carbon ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nquag Moflaxia los ntawm 80-90%, yog li txo cov bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Cawv tau zoo

Thaum lub sijhawm kho, nws yog txwv tsis pub haus dej cawv txuam nrog kev muaj feem ua rau daim siab tsis ua haujlwm. Ethanol ua rau txoj kev kho kom tsis muaj zog rau cov kab mob microflora, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab ntaws thiab cov hlab ntshav muaj zog.

Kev muag tshuaj dawb yog txwv vim qhov muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm txoj hnyuv dysbiosis nrog kev siv tshuaj tsis raug cai.

Analogs

Moflaxia hloov nrog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj hauv qab no:

  • Alvelon;
  • Moxifloxacin Canon;
  • Megaflox;
  • Maxiflox;
  • Rotomox.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj tawm

Cov tshuaj raug muag los ntawm daim ntawv sau xaj.

Kuv tuaj yeem yuav yam tsis tas yuav tshuaj

Kev muag tshuaj dawb yog txwv vim qhov muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm txoj hnyuv dysbiosis nrog kev siv tshuaj tsis raug cai.

Koj tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob
Fluoroquinolones - Cov Txheej Txheem ntawm Kev Ua thiab Kev Tawm Tsam

Nqe rau Moflaxia 400

Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog 350 rubles.

Cia rau cov neeg mob rau cov tshuaj

Nws raug nquahu kom tiv thaiv ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm kev sib kis raug mob ultraviolet rays. Thaum lub sij hawm cia, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau soj ntsuam qhov ntsuas kub ntawm + 8 ... + 25 ° C.

Hnub tas sij hawm

3 xyoos

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

JSC "Krka, hnub, Novo mesto", Slovenia.

Kev txheeb xyuas rau Moflaxia 400

Valentin Kalashnikov, 39 xyoo, Moscow

Lawv kuaj pom kab mob ntsws sib kis thiab tau pw hauv tsev kho mob. Muaj ib lub lis piam hauv tsev kho mob, lub sijhawm uas Moflaxia tau muab tshuaj nrog Doxycycline ntxiv. Txawm hais tias daim ntawv teev cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov kev coj tsis zoo, lub cev zam cov tshuaj tau zoo. Kuv pom tias kev txhim kho nyob rau thawj hnub: qhov kub, uas ruaj khov ntawm + 38 ° C, poob qis rau li qub.

Galina Antonova, 27 xyoo, Arkhangelsk

Kuv yuav tsum tau noj ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob, qee qhov ua xua. Nrhiav Moflaxia ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist nrog kev tsis ntseeg qhov tseeb. Tab sis sinusitis yuav tsum tau kho. Kev ntshai tsis yog qhov tseeb, vim tias tsis muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj los yog lwm yam kev phiv. Hnub ob ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob, qhov mob zoo dua tuaj. Nws tau los ua pa yooj yim, mob pib kis. Kuv noj 1 lub tshuaj ib hnub.

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