Ntshav qab zib Hom 2 feem ntau loj hlob hauv neeg laus thiab laus. Feem ntau nws tau ua ke nrog txoj hlab ntshav txhaws thiab rog dhau.
Qhov txiav ua tsim cov tshuaj insulin txaus, tab sis cov receptors hauv cov ntaub so ntswg tsis teb rau nws. Cov kua nplaum tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb thiab ncig ntawm cov ntshav.
Kev pham mob ntshav qab zib mellitus muaj cov yam ntxwv: cov rog rog tso rau feem ntau ntawm lub duav, siab ntau ntawm cortisol thiab insulin hauv cov ntshav, tsis tshua zoo siab rau kev txwv kev noj haus. Yuav kom nrawm cov metabolism hauv kev noj zaub mov noj, kev siv hnub nrawm dua yog siv.
Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj haus kho mob ntshav qab zib hauv kev rog
Kev poob phaus hauv ntshav qab zib tsis yog tsuas yog tshem tawm qhov ua kom zoo nkauj rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce xwb, tabsis tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev mob hnyav ntawm cov kabmob qis, txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Kev ua kom tsis zoo rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib ua rau cov tsub zuj zus ntawm cov rog hauv daim siab, rog rog subcutaneous, uas ua rau cov nqaij insulin tsis kam.
Cov rog ua rog, uas nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntau dua thaum lub cev rog, cuam tshuam nrog kev khi ntawm cov insulin rau daim siab ua haujlwm. Tib lub sijhawm, cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov ntshav nce siab. Vim tias muaj ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj insulin, lub cell receptors txhaws thiab poob lawv qhov kev cia siab. Hauv lub siab, cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv los ntawm glycogen khw muag khoom nce.
Ntxiv rau, cov roj dawb tsis muaj roj txo cov leeg ua haujlwm thiab pab txhawb kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav hauv cov txiav Yog li, qhov kev poob phaus yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib.
Nrog rau qhov txo qis hauv lub cev hnyav li 7-10%, cov kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev tshwm sim:
- Ua rau cov ntshav ntxiv txo qis, qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj antihypertensive poob qis.
- Cov pluas mov metabolism yog kev txhim kho - yoo qab zib thiab ob teev tom qab noj mov, cov ntsiab lus glycated hemoglobin.
- Cov roj metabolism ua kom zoo li qub: cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho poob qis, qhov sib piv ntawm cov roj lipoproteins tsawg thiab qhov nruab nrab tuaj cuag li qub.
- Nrog rau qhov kev poob phaus, lub neej muaj kev cia siab ntxiv, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob qog nqaij hlav yog txo qis.
Txo qhov hnyav hauv ntshav qab zib, txoj kev noj zaub mov noj yog siv nrog kev kho tshuaj thiab kev ua kom lub cev tsis huv. Txawm hais tias qhov xav tau ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, raws li kev tshawb fawb, tsuas yog 7% ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib nruj me ntsis ua raws txoj cai.
Thiab feem ntau ntawm cov khoom noj muaj xws li ua ntau dhau los ntawm cov calories, cov zaub mov muaj rog, zaub mov. Tib lub sijhawm, cov tseem ceeb fiber ntau thiab cov vitamins nyob hauv cov khoom tsis ntev. Cov khoom noj khoom haus kom zoo yuav txhim kho lub neej ntawm cov neeg mob.
Cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj rau cov mob ntshav qab zib nrog lub cev hnyav:
- Txo cov caloric kom tsawg rau 1700 - 1800 kcal (kev suav yuav tsum yog tus neeg, suav rau hauv qhov teeb meem loj metabolism).
- Tshem tawm kom yooj yim zom cov zaub mov carbohydrates los ntawm cov zaub mov noj: qab zib thiab tag nrho cov khoom siv nrog nws cov ntsiab lus, txo cov khob cij rau 100 - 150 g.
- Hloov ntawm qab zib, siv cov khoom hloov, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov khoom siv ntawm stevia, Xylitol lossis Aspartame.
- Txo cov tsiaj rog cov rog hauv cov zaub mov noj. Muab qhov nyiam rau cov roj zaub, uas txo qhov ua kom tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lub chaw pabcuam zaub mov thiab muab qhov zoo ntawm satiety rau lub sijhawm ntev.
- Tsis txhob ntsev rau hauv lub sijhawm ua noj. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv tsis ntau tshaj 5 - 7 g nyob rau ib hnub rau cov zaub mov tiav.
- Tsis txhob noj cov khoom noj uas ua kom koj lub siab: nqaij, ntses thiab nceb hmoov zoo, pickles, marinades, khoom noj txom ncauj, khoom noj uas haus luam yeeb, dej cawv.
Khoom noj muaj protein ntau yuav tsum tau noj kom txaus. Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov protein rau cov rog yog cov ntses, nqaij ntses, nqaij ntses dawb, qab ntsev uas tsis muaj rog, kua txiv qaub, thiab cov nqaij muaj roj tsawg.
Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tsum muaj zaub, nyiam dua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov zaub nyoos nrog zaub ntsuab tshiab, zaub ntsuab nrog zaub roj. Kev noj haus fiber ntau los ntawm zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsim ib qho kev xav ntawm satiety thiab pab tshem tawm cov roj, cov piam thaj, thiab cov khoom lag luam metabolic. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov zaub mov xaum qhuav los ntawm ntxiv rau lawv rau cereals, kua thiab kua txiv-mis haus.
Cov khoom lag luam nrog lipotropic kev txiav txim siab txo cov khw muag khoom muaj roj hauv lub siab, txhim kho cov txheej txheem hauv metabolic hauv nws. Cov no suav nrog: tsev me cheese, taum pauv, mis, oatmeal, ceev. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov, koj yuav tsum suav cov roj zaub thiab ntses.
Noj mov yuav tsum yog rau lub sijhawm. Kev faib tawm tag nrho cov calories kom tsawg: 20% rau pluas tshais, noj tsawg 10%, pluas su 40%, khoom noj txom ncauj thib ob 10%, noj hmo 20%.
Cov hnub so tsis muaj calorie ntau yog pom zoo kom txo cov khw muag khoom muaj roj.
Tuav yoo mov hnub rau ntshav qab zib
Kev hnyav hauv cov ntshav qab zib yog ua tiav nrog 40% txo cov caloric kom tsawg los ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem muaj li 500 txog 1000 kcal. Piv txwv, qhov ntsuas nqi ntawm theem pib ntawm cov mis yog 2500 kcal.
Xam 2500 -40% = 1500 kcal. Hauv qab no 1200, kev txo cov calories yog tsis pom zoo vim tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom noj zom zaub mov tsis qeeb.
Kev noj zaub mov ua ke nrog kev taug kev, ua qoj ib ce, ua luam dej yuav tsum txo qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 500 g mus rau 1 kg hauv ib lub lis piam. Cov kauj ruam no tau zoo tshaj plaws, vim nws normalizes cov txheej txheem hauv lub cev hauv lub cev, thiab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau theem tshiab ntawm cov metabolism.
Lub cev hnyav tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem txo qis, vim tias qhov txwv ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom ua rau muaj kev phom sij nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov suab thaj kom poob, qaug zog, mob taub hau, cem quav. Yog hais tias qhov hnyav tau txo qis qeeb qeeb, thiab tsawg dua 500 g yog poob hauv ib lub lis piam, ces hnub yoo mov yog qhia.
Hauv kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, cov hnub qis hnub ci tau siv nrog lub zog nqi ntawm kev noj haus ntawm 500 - 800 kcal.
Hom ntau hnub yoo mov:
- Cov protein: nqaij, mis los, tsev cheese, kefir, ntses.
- Carbohydrates: oat, Kua, zaub.
- Rog: qaub cream (tsis tshua muaj siv rau ntshav qab zib).
Cov khoom protein muaj qhia rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus kom txo qis ntshav qabzib thiab insulin, txo kev qab los noj mov, lawv tau yooj yim thiab hnub yoo kom yooj yim rau lawv. Ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb rau kev tuav cov protein ua hnub yoo mov yog lub raum mob ntshav qab zib, mob ntshav qab zib nephropathy. Nrog lub raum pathology, nws raug nquahu kom txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsiaj protein. Yog tias tsim nyog, nws tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov taum pauv nqaij lossis taum paj.
Nqaij hnub: rau nws, koj yuav tsum tau rhaub 400 g ntawm nqaij los ntawm qaib cov txwv, nqaij qaib, nqaij nyuj, nqaij tawv. Zoo dua ua kom ncu, ntsev tsis tuaj yeem ntxiv. Tus nqi no yuav tsum noj 5 zaug, ua ntu zus. Nws yog txwv tsis pub siv sijhawm nqaij nrog gout.
Txhawm rau ua ib qho kev xav hnub, koj xav tau 500 g ntawm cov rog tsawg hauv tsev cheese. Nws raug nquahu kom noj cov kua mis yogurt cheese koj tus kheej hauv tsev. Tsib zaug ib hnub, koj yuav tsum noj 100 g ntawm tsev cheese tsis muaj qab zib lossis qaub cream. Nws raug tso cai rau haus dej tshuaj yej los yog rosehip Txoj kev lis ntshav. Hnub ceev ceev yaum raug pom zoo rau concomitant atherosclerosis, mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm, mob siab thiab mob plab.
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv, kev yoo mov hnub ntawm yarotsky noj yuav siv tau. Ntxiv nrog rau 300 g ntawm tsev cheese, nws siv ib litre mis nyuj lossis kefir. Koj tuaj yeem noj plaub pluas tauj ib hnub, 100 g ntawm tsev cheese thiab 15 g ntawm qaub cream. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho dej npau ntawm cov ntoo av sawv los yog tshuaj yej uas tsis muaj zog yog tso cai.
Lub sijhawm mis nyuj tau siv sijhawm li 1.5 litres mis, muab faib ua 5 kis. Hloov mis nyuj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov kua mis nyeem yogurt, kefir, tsis muaj rog uas muaj roj nyeem los yog yogurt.
Ntawm cov ntses yoo mov hnub, koj yuav tsum tau noj cov dej tsis muaj rog lossis dej hiav txwv ntses: pike perch, saffron cod, pike, cod, hake, pollock, saffron cod. Cov ntses hau, tsis tas yuav siv ntsev, tau faib ua tsib theem. Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm ntses ib hnub twg yog 500 g. Rosehip tau tso cai nyob rau hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 500 g ntawm decoction yam tsis muaj suab thaj.
Protein vas nthiv hnub tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab hnyuv qeeb, yog li nws pom zoo kom haus 1.5 liv dej. Yog tias koj nquag cem quav, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ib rab diav oed los yog pob kws nplej.
Carbohydrate hnub rau ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm cov khoom zoo li no:
- Porridge siav nyob rau hauv dej tsis muaj roj, qab zib lossis ntsev.
- Cov txiv ntoo lossis kua txiv ntoo, zaub nyoos.
- Zaub xam lav thiab kua txiv.
Rau kev ua zaub ua noj, oat lossis buckwheat siv (namely cov nplej, tsis muaj plaub ya ri). Porridge tuaj yeem siav rau hauv dej lossis ncuav qab zib rau hauv cov thermos nrog dej npau npau thaum hmo ntuj. Rau kev tsis ntim, ib khob dej ntawm dej ciab siv. Txhua qhov porridge tau muab faib ua 5-6 qhov sib npaug. Koj tuaj yeem haus dej tshuaj yej thiab khoom noj ntawm qus sawv nrog porridge.
Rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hnub, unsweetened txiv apples, txiv duaj, txiv duaj txiv ntoo, thiab cov txiv qaub muaj peev xwm siv. Txog rau hnub lawv yuav tsum noj 1.5 kg, faib ua 6 servings.
Ntau tshaj ib hnub txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv ib hlis tsis pom zoo, txij li fructose, txawm hais tias nws tsis xav kom muaj insulin rau nws txoj kev nqus, muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv cov rog thiab carbohydrates. Nrog decompensated ntshav qab zib, cov hom kev thauj khoom tsis siv.
Cov kua txiv hnub yoo nrawm siv rau cov kua txiv tshiab los ntawm zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tshuaj ntsuab, nrog rau lawv cov khoom sib xyaw. Koj tuaj yeem siv kev sib xyaw ua ke, tshwj tsis yog txiv hmab, txiv tsawb, beets.
Qhov ntim ntawm cov kua txiv cawv hauv cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum yog li 600 ml, 800 ml ntawm rosehip broth ntxiv rau nws. Cov kua txiv hnub yoo tsis zam lub siab ntev los ntawm txhua tus neeg mob, yuav muaj qhov tsis xis nyob. Nws yog qhia rau cov kab mob sib kis: gout, urolithiasis, kub siab, mob siab thiab mob rog daim siab.
Hnub zaub yog siv rau cov zaub nyoos tshiab. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj xav tau 1.5 kg zaub: zaub qhwv, carrots, txiv lws suav, zucchini, tshuaj ntsuab, zaub xas lav. Koj tuaj yeem siv ib qho kev pom lossis siv ob peb. Nws raug tso cai ntxiv ib me nyuam diav ntawm zaub roj rau zaub xam lav, dua li cov txiv ntseej.
Hnub rog yoo mov ntshav qab zib muaj tsawg. Ib qho kev xaiv yog qaub cream. Rau nws tuav, tshiab qaub cream ntawm 15% rog ntsiab lus ntawm 80 g ntawm ib lub sij hawm yog siv, nyob rau hauv tsuas yog ib hnub koj tuaj yeem noj 400 g. Tsis tas li, koj tuaj yeem haus 2 khob ntawm rosehip broth.
Muaj cov kev xaiv rau cov hnub yoo mov uas cov khoom los ntawm ntau pawg sib koom ua ke:
- Nqaij thiab zaub nyoos (350 g ntawm nqaij thiab 500 g ntawm zaub nyoos).
- Ntses thiab zaub (400 g ntawm ntses thiab 500 g ntawm zaub xam lav).
- Tsev cheese thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo (400 g ntawm tsev cheese thiab 400 g ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo).
- Porridge thiab kefir (100 g lis thiab 750 ml kefir).
Ua ke ua ke yoo mov hnub ua tau zoo dua, tab sis cov uas tau ua los ntawm ib qho khoom tau suav tias yog qhov ua tau zoo dua los ua kom cov metabolism sai. Txij li nws yog ib qho tseeb meej xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom noj uas tsim "cov khoom noj zigzag" thiab ua kom nrawm tawg thiab tshem tawm cov rog ntau ntawm lub cev.
Ua ntej tuav hnub yoo mov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tau txais cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus neeg endocrinologist hais txog kev txhaj tshuaj kom txo qis qab zib. Thaum nruab hnub, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ntawm lub plab khoob thiab ob teev tom qab noj mov. Tsis txhob tso cov piam thaj kom poob rau hauv qab qhov ntsuas pom zoo.
Hnub thaum muab cov zaub mov noj tso tawm, nws tsim nyog tso tseg kev tawm dag zog, tsuas pub taug kev qeeb xwb. Koj yuav tsum muaj piam thaj lossis khaub noom nrog koj, kom thiaj li muaj kiv taub hau thiab qaug zog koj tuaj yeem nce qib siab ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj.
Qhov ntau zaus ntawm hnub yoo mov yuav tsum txiav txim siab los ntawm tus kws kho mob koom nrog. Feem ntau ib hnub yoo mov ib hnub rau ib lim piam yog muab, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ke nrog hnub so.
Thaum lub caij yoo mov, tshaib plab tuaj yeem tab kaum. Txo nws, koj tuaj yeem siv qoj ib ce tshwj xeeb rau cov ntshav qab zib. Txhawm rau nqa tawm, koj yuav tsum pw ntawm koj sab nraub qaum, muab koj ob txhais taw tso rau hauv av, khoov lawv hauv caug. Tso ib sab tes rau ntawm lub hauv siab, lwm sab tes saum lub plab. Kev nqus, kos lub plab, thiab thawb tawm ntawm lub hauv siab. Ntawm exhalation, lub plab tiv thaiv, thiab lub hauv siab poob.
Yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub caug zoo li cov kev voj voog ua pa. Cov nplai yog tus, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv lub cev. Lawv ua kev tawm dag zog ua ntej noj mov, thiab txo kev tshaib plab, dua li tsis noj mov. Daim vis dis aus hauv tsab xov xwm no yuav qhia koj tias yuav ua li cas tso lub cev mus rau ntshav qab zib.
