Pab pawg ntawm cov statins (cov tshuaj txo cov roj (cholesterol) ua kom tsawg) suav nrog Lovastatin zoo. Cov tshuaj siv tsis yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob plawv.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog nrog cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb, kev tawm dag zog thiab kev ntsuas lub cev. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, koj tuaj yeem kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog Lovastatin, cov lus qhia rau kev siv, tus nqi, tshuaj xyuas, analogues.
Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj
Lovastatin yog nyob rau pab pawg ntawm lipid-txo cov tshuaj uas ua txhaum kev sib txuas ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) hauv lub siab ua ntu thaum ntxov. Cov tshuaj no suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lwm tus statins. Nws tau muab rho tawm los ntawm biocultures Aspergillusterreus thiab Monuthorruber.
Ib zaug hauv lub plab zom, cov tshuaj kho nws tus kheej rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev zom cov enzymes thiab maj mam nqus. Ntxiv mus, qhov loj dua qhov ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj, qhov sai dua nws tau nqus rau hauv lub plab zom mov. Cov tshuaj nquag nkag rau hauv cov hnyuv, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav. Qhov siab tshaj plaws plasma cov ntsiab lus tau mus txog tom qab 2-4 teev. Kev nkag mus rau hauv tag nrho lwm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv dawb beta-hydroxy acid.
Kev nqis tes ntawm Lovastatin yog tsom rau ob qho txheej txheem. Firstly, nws cuam tshuam cov synthesis ntawm cov cholesterol nyob rau hauv lub siab, tiv thaiv kev hloov ntawm reductase rau hauv melovanate. Thib ob, nws ua rau kev ua kom muaj lub zog catabolism nrawm (cov txheej txheem ua kom zom zaub mov) ntawm LDL. Hauv kev sib txuam nrog cov txheej txheem no, muaj nce HDL, lossis "roj" zoo.
Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm kev ua kom nquag plias yog 3 teev. Metabolites nrog cov tshuaj ua haujlwm uas ua kom zoo dhau ntawm lub raum thiab cov hnyuv.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj
Lovastatin 20 mg lossis 40 mg yog muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv foos ntsiav tshuaj, qhov nquag ua haujlwm ntawm cov uas muaj tib lub npe. Cov tshuaj ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj yog lactose monohydrate, hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cellulose, magnesium stearate, butylhydroxyanisole, citric thiab ascorbic acid.
Ib hom tshuaj yuav muag tsuas yog thaum tus neeg muaj ntawv nqa tshuaj los ntawm nws. Thaum nriav cov khoom, tus neeg mob yuav tsum them sai sai rau daim ntawv txuas nrog. Cov kev qhia muaj ntau tus lej qhia rau kev siv tshuaj no:
- kev kho mob ntawm cov thawj ntawm hypercholisterinemia ua ke, hom IIa thiab IIb;
- kev kho hyperlipoproteinemia (txoj kev mob ntshav qab zib thiab mob nephrotic);
- kev kho mob ntawm txoj hlab ntshav atherosclerosis (ua ke nrog kev kho vitamin thiab cov roj tsis muaj rog);
- kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha pathologies;
- hypertriglyceridemia kev kho mob.
Kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm 1 zaug hauv ib hnub thaum noj hmo. Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj yog nyob ntawm tus kabmob. Yog li, nrog hyperlipidemia, ib koob tshuaj 10-80 mg yog tau xaj. Kev kho kab mob pathology pib nrog kev txhaj tshuaj me me, nrog kev tso cai los ntawm tus kws kho mob, tuaj yeem maj mam nce ntxiv. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov tshuaj nyob rau txhua 4 asthiv. Qhov kev siv tshuaj ntau tshaj (80 mg) tuaj yeem faib ua ob zaug tshuaj - thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj.
Hauv kev kho mob ntawm txoj hlab ntshav atherosclerosis, noj tshuaj zoo yog 20-40 mg. Yog tias kev kho mob tsis ua hauj lwm zoo, nce ntxiv rau 60-80 mg yog ua tau. Yog tias tus neeg mob noj cov tshuaj fibrates lossis nicotinic acid nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Lovastatin yuav tsum siv tsis tshaj 20 mg ib hnub. Tsis tas li, cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau txo hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no:
- Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsis haum tshuaj.
- Kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Kev kho mob ntawm daim siab kab mob ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb lossis dav dav etiology.
- Siv cov tshuaj muaj anticoagulants.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum khaws cov tshuaj ntawm qhov kub tsis tshaj 25 degrees Celsius.
Tom qab hnub tas sijhawm, uas yog 2 xyoos, nws tau txwv tsis pub siv cov khoom.
Cov kev thaiv tsis zoo thiab cov tshwm sim
Lovastatin muaj cov npe me me ntawm cov lus pov thawj contraindications. Kev siv cov tshuaj yog txwv rau myopathy (mob neuromuscular), cev xeeb tub, cholestasis, mob siab rau lub siab, hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo thiab ib tus neeg mob siab rau cov khoom siv.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau underonone coronary artery bypass grafting. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj qee yam koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj nrog dej cawv.
Muaj qee kis, noj tshuaj muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim. Ntawm lawv, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tseem ceeb:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov: tawm tsam ntawm xeev ntuav, kub siab, nce roj tsim, hloov pauv hauv saj, raws plab, hloov quav.
- Kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab ntsha: mob taub hau, pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, ntxhov siab, kiv taub hau, txha caj dab, mob leeg nqaij, mob leeg thiab myalgia. Thaum siv cyclosporine, gemfibrozil lossis nicotinic acid, muaj qhov ua tau ntawm rhabdomyolysis.
- Kev rov ua ntawm biliary system: nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, daim siab hloov pauv thiab creatine phosphokinase. Qee zaum muaj kab mob siab, mob cholestatic daj thiab mob cholestasis.
- Ua xua: khaus, tawv nqaij ua pob, urticaria, angioedema, mob pob txaws.
- Kev tsis sib haum ntawm cov pob muag muag: atrophy ntawm optic hlab ntsha thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cataracts.
- Lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim: txo qis potency, dav dav tshwm sim, alopecia.
Kev saib pom tus mob ntau dhau thaum siv qhov loj ntawm cov tshuaj tsis pom. Lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev kho yog tshem tawm Lovastatin, mob plab, kev siv cov kev ua kom vwm (qhib cov pa roj carbon, Smecta, Polysorb, Atoxil) tswj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, lub siab ua haujlwm thiab creatine phosphokinase.
Sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm txoj kev
Lovastatin yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog txhua yam tshuaj, vim lawv kev sib cuam tshuam yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo ntawm lub cev. Ntxiv mus, qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nce qhov siab ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj nquag, thiab qee qhov tuaj yeem txo qis.
Ib qho kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov leeg mob rhuav tshem thiab myopathy, nrog rau kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nquag tiv thaiv, ua rau tib lub sij hawm siv Lovastatin nrog rau cov nicotinic acid, Cyclosporine, Ritonavir, Erythromycin, Nefazodon thiab Clarithromycin.
Kev siv quav tshuaj nrog cov kua txiv kab ntxwv qaub, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil kuj tseem muaj feem ntau rau txoj kev myopathy.
Kev pheej hmoo ntshav los ntau ntxiv nrog rau kev siv tshuaj warfarin. Lub bioavailability ntawm lovastatin yog txo thaum siv colestyramine. Txhawm rau kom lub bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj nyob hauv lub cev, nws yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj nrog kev ncua sij hawm ntawm 2-4 teev.
Nrog rau cov kab mob concomitant, tus neeg mob yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob txog kev noj tshuaj.
Qee ntawm lawv tsis cuam tshuam nrog Lovastatin, yog li ntawd, kev ywj pheej siv cov tshuaj yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub.
Tus nqi, analogues thiab kuaj xyuas neeg mob
Hmoov tsis zoo, tam sim no nws tsis muaj peev xwm yuav Lovastatin vim tias Nws tsis yog tsim nyob rau hauv Russia.
Cov chaw muag tshuaj xws li Lekpharm (Belarus), Replekpharm AD (Macedonia) thiab Kievmedpreparat (Ukraine) yog cov tsim tshuaj.
Hauv qhov no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj ib qho sib piv ntawm Lovastatin, uas muaj tib yam kev kho mob.
Cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws yog:
- Holetar. Nws muaj cov khoom xyaw nquag - lovastatin, yog li ntawd nws yog lus rau Lovastatin. Cov tshuaj muaj tib qho taw qhia, contraindications thiab phiv tshuaj li Lovastatin.
- Cardiostatin. Lwm qhov zoo-paub tshuaj yog lus zoo rau Lovastatin, vim hais tias muaj cov tib yam tivthaiv. Thaum noj Cardiostatin, cov lus tshaj tawm txoj kev kho tau pom zoo rau ob lub lis piam, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tom qab 4-6 lub lim tiam ntawm kev noj tshuaj. Tus nqi nruab nrab yog 290 rubles (hauv ib pob ntawm 30 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 20 mg).
- Pravastatin. Nws muaj qhov kev ua kom dav. Tus nquag ua hauj lwm yog pravastatinum. Cov tshuaj yog siv rau cov thawj hypercholesterolemia thiab sib xyaw dyslipidemia, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm ischemic mob plawv. Kev siv cov Pravastatin yog ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob thib ob rau myocardial infarction, angina pectoris thiab post-hloov hyperlipidemia.
- Zokor. Cov tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm ntawm tshuaj yog simvastatin. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog kho hypercholesterolemia. Zokor tseem tseem siv los ua pov thawj tus kheej los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho cov hlab plawv pathologies. Tus nqi nruab nrab yog 380 rubles (28 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 10 mg) thiab 690 rubles (28 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 20 mg).
Raws li Vyshkovsky Index, cov thawj coj hauv kev lag luam tshuaj Lavxias yog Cardiostatin, Mevacor, Holetar thiab Rovacor.
Cov lus taw qhia ntawm Lovastatin, ob leeg los ntawm cov neeg mob thiab los ntawm cov kws kho mob, yog qhov zoo. Cov tshuaj yog qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo rau cov neeg mob, txawm tias siv ntev.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cuam tshuam nrog dyspeptic cuam tshuam qee zaum tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm txoj kev kho. Tom qab ob lub lim tiam, thaum lub cev tau siv los cuam tshuam ntawm cov nquag ua haujlwm, cov tsos mob tau tso tseg. Qee zaum, cov theem ntawm ALT thiab AST nce, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj lawv cov ntsiab lus.
Tom qab 1.5 hli txij li hnub pib ntawm kev kho, kev tswj hwm kev tshawb xyuas yog nqa tawm. Raws li txoj cai, muaj tus cwj pwm zoo hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam, i.e. lipid concentration yog txo qis.
Yuav ua li cas rau cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg yog tau piav nyob hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.
