Cov chaw muag tshuaj hauv koj lub nroog yuav muaj kev xaiv loj los yog tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj insulin. Txhua tus pov tseg yog pov tseg, siv tsis tau thiab ua los ntawm cov yas, nrog cov koob xav tau ntse nrog. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov koob tshuaj insulin ua tau zoo dua thiab lwm qhov tsis zoo, thiab peb yuav saib vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia cov kev txhaj tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj insulin.
Thaum xaiv cov syringe, cov nplai uas tau luam tawm ntawm nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tus nqi ntawm kev faib nyiaj (cov kauj ruam ntawm cov nplai) yog lub tswvyim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau peb. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig sib haum rau ob kab ntawv uas nyob ib sab ntawm cov ntsuas. Yooj yim muab, qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem raug ntaus rau hauv cov koob txhaj tshuaj ntau dua los yog tsawg dua.
Cia peb ua tibzoo saib lub koob txhaj uas qhia hauv daim duab saum toj no. Piv txwv li, ntawm cov cim 0 thiab 10 nws muaj 5 ntu. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov kauj ruam ntawm cov nplai yog 2 PIECES ntawm insulin. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev ntxaws cov tshuaj insulin ntawm 1 IU lossis tsawg dua nrog cov koob txhaj tshuaj. Txawm hais tias ib koob tshuaj 2 PIECES ntawm insulin yuav nrog qhov yuam kev loj. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb, yog li kuv yuav nyob rau hauv nws qhov kev qhia ntau dua.
Syringe nplai theem thiab insulin koob txhaj yuam kev
Cov kauj ruam (faib tus nqi) ntawm cov koob txhaj yog qhov ntsuas tsis tseem ceeb, vim tias qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj insulin nyob ntawm nws. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus txog kev tswj ntshav qab zib tau zoo yog cov ntsiab lus hauv tshooj, "Yuav Ua Li Cas Tswj Cov Ntshav Qab Zib muaj ntau yam tshuaj ntshav Insulin." Nov yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub vev xaib, Kuv xav kom koj ua tib zoo kawm nws. Peb muab cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab ntshav qab zib 2 yuav ua li cas txo qis qhov xav tau ntawm insulin thiab ua kom lawv cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav nyob ruaj khov thiab li qub. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj insulin me me kom paub meej, nws yuav muaj ntshav qab zib ntau ntau, thiab cov teeb meem ntshav qab zib yuav loj hlob tuaj.
Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus qauv kev ua txhaum yog ½ ntawm cov nplai cim ntawm cov phwj. Nws hloov tawm tias thaum koj txhaj tshuaj insulin nrog ib tus koob txhaj tshuaj hauv qhov nce ntxiv ntawm 2 units, qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm insulin yuav yog ± 1 units. Hauv cov laus rog nrog cov ntshav qab zib hom 1, 1 U ntawm cov tshuaj insulin luv luv yuav txo cov ntshav qab zib kom txog li 8.3 mmol / L. Rau cov menyuam yaus, cov tshuaj insulin ua 2-8 zaug ntau dua, nyob ntawm lawv qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog.
Qhov xaus yog tias qhov yuam kev ntawm txawm tias 0.25 units ntawm insulin txhais tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib ib txwm thiab ntshav qab zib rau feem ntau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Kev kawm txhawm rau kev txhaj tshuaj insulin me me yog qhov tseem ceeb thib ob uas koj yuav tsum ua nrog mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab ntshav qab zib hom 2, tom qab ua tib zoo ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg. Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tiav qhov no? Muaj ob txoj hauv kev:
- siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj nrog cov kauj ruam me dua ntawm qhov ntsuas thiab, raws li cov kev siv tshuaj ntau dua;
- laim insulin (yuav ua li cas thiaj li yog).
Peb tsis pom zoo siv cov tshuaj insulin hloov cov tshuaj txhaj, nrog rau cov menyuam muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1. Vim li cas - nyeem ntawm no.
Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas nyeem peb lub xaib paub tias koj tsis tas yuav txhaj ntau tshaj 7-8 units ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv kev txhaj ib zaug. Yuav ua li cas yog koj cov tshuaj insulin ntau dua? Nyeem “Yuav Ua li cas Pho kom txhaj ntau cov tshuaj Insulin.” Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau tus menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 yuav tsum tau kuaj cov tshuaj insulin tsis pub ntsuas txog 0.1 ntu. Yog tias nws tau tshaj tawm ntau dua, ces lawv cov suab thaj tsis tu ncua thiab cov ntshav qab zib feem ntau tshwm sim.
Raws li txhua yam no, dab tsi yuav tsum yog cov koob txhaj tshuaj zoo? Nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsis tshaj 10 units. Ntawm nws ntsuas txhua txhua 0.25 units yog cim. Ntxiv mus, cov cim no yuav tsum tau deb txaus los ntawm txhua lwm yam thiaj li txawm tias ib koob ntawm ⅛ IU ntawm cov tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem pom. Rau qhov no, cov phwj yuav tsum yog ntev thiab nyias. Qhov teeb meem yog tias tsis muaj lub koob txhaj tshuaj zoo li no. Cov neeg tsim khoom lag ntseg nyob hauv cov teeb meem ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, tsis yog nyob ntawm no, tab sis kuj txawv teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, peb tabtom sim ua nrog yam peb muaj.
Hauv cov khw muag tshuaj, koj muaj peev xwm pom tsuas yog koob txhaj tshuaj nrog cov kauj ruam ntawm 2 ED ntawm cov tshuaj insulin, zoo li cov uas tau qhia hauv daim duab rau saum toj ntawm tsab xov xwm. Txij ua ke mus ua ke, cov koob txhaj nrog cov nplai sib faib ntawm 1 chav tsev pom. Raws li kuv paub, muaj tsuas yog ib qho roj ntsha insulin hauv qhov ntsuas uas yog qhov cim txhua 0.25 units. Qhov no yog Becton Dickinson Micro-Nplua Ntxiv Demi nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 0.3 ml, i.e. 30 IU ntawm cov tshuaj insulin nyob rau hauv tus qauv concentration ntawm U-100.
Cov koob txhaj tshuaj no muaj qhov ua tau "faib ua feem" ntawm 0.5 tus nqi. Ntxiv rau qhov muaj qhov ntsuas ntxiv txhua 0.25 units. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, koob tshuaj insulin ntawm 0.25 ntsuas tau txais meej heev. Nyob rau hauv Ukraine, cov koob txhaj tshuaj yog kev tsis txaus. Hauv Lavxias, tej zaum koj tuaj yeem xaj nws yog tias koj tshawb nrhiav zoo. Tsis muaj cov analogues rau lawv tseem. Ntxiv mus, qhov xwm txheej no thoob plaws ntiaj teb (!) Tau mus ntau dua ib xyoos tsib xyoos.
Yog tias kuv pom tias lwm cov koob txhaj zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim, Kuv yuav sau tam sim no thiab qhia tag nrho cov npe neeg xa npe uas yog xa ntawv. Zoo thiab tseem ceeb tshaj - kawm seb yuav ua li cas txhawm rau cov tshuaj insulin kom raug txhaj tshuaj qis.
Foob ntawm cov koob txhaj tshuaj piston
Cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj ntawm lub piston ntawm cov phwj tuaj yog daim ntawm cov roj hmab cov xim tsaus. Nws txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov ntsuas pom ntau npaum li cas cov tshuaj tau txhaj rau hauv cov koob txhaj tshuaj. Cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj insulin yuav tsum tau saib tom qab kawg ntawm lub foob, uas yog ze rau ntawm rab koob. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog uas tus foob tau tiaj tus duab, dua li cov duab conical, zoo li hauv qee cov koob txhaj tshuaj, kom nws yooj yim dua rau kev nyeem cov koob tshuaj. Rau kev tsim cov pa roj gaskets hluavtaws, cov roj hmab hluavtaws siv feem ntau, tsis muaj ntuj tso, yog li tsis muaj kev fab tshuaj.
Koob
Qhov koob xav ntawm txhua tus insulin koob txhaj tshuaj uas tam sim no muag yog ntse heev. Cov neeg tsim khoom nyiam txhawm rau paub tseeb cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tias lawv cov koob txhaj tshuaj muaj cov koob hloov dua li cov neeg sib tw. Raws li txoj cai, lawv exaggerate. Nws yuav zoo dua yog tias lawv teeb tsa ntau cov koob txhaj tshuaj kom haum rau kev txhaj tshuaj insulin me me.
Cov kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj twg los txhawm rau txhaj tshuaj insulin
Kev qhia ntawm cov kua dej yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm cov nqaij subcutaneous (subcutaneous rog). Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias kev txhaj tshuaj tsis ua rau kev tawm tsam (tob tshaj qhov tsim nyog) lossis intradermal, i.e. dhau mus ze rau qhov chaw. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov kab mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau tsis ua daim tawv nqaij, tab sis txhaj lawv tus kheej ntawm ib sab xis. Qhov no ua rau cov insulin nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg, thiab cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav yuav txawv txav tsis txhua.
Cov neeg tsim khoom hloov qhov ntev thiab tuab ntawm cov tshuaj insulin koob txhaj tshuaj kom muaj ob peb kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj insulin li sai tau. Vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus tsis muaj kev rog, ua rau me nyuam yaus, qhov tuab ntawm qhov nqaij me me feem ntau tsawg dua qhov ntev ntawm rab koob txheem (12-13 hli).
Tam sim no, koj tuaj yeem siv luv insulin koob, 4, 5, 6 lossis 8 mm ntev. Ib qho txiaj ntsig ntxiv yog tias cov koob no kuj tseem ua kom txawv dua li cov qauv. Ib txwm koob txhaj koob muaj lub taub 0.4, 0.36 lossis 0.33 hli. Thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm koob insulin koob yog 0.3 lossis tseem 0.25 lossis 0.23 hli. Xws li lub koob tso cai rau koj tso cov tshuaj insulin yuav luag tsis mob.
Tam sim no peb yuav muab cov lus qhia tam sim no txog qhov ntev npaum li cas ntawm rab koob yog qhov zoo dua rau kev xaiv rau kev tswj hwm insulin:
- Koob 4, 5 thiab 6 hli ntev - haum rau txhua tus neeg laus, nrog rau cov neeg rog. Yog tias koj siv lawv, tom qab ntawd ces tsim daim tawv nqaij tawv nws tsis tsim nyog. Hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, cov thawj coj ntawm insulin nrog cov koob no yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kaum ntawm 90 degrees rau thaj tsam ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau ua daim tawv thiab / lossis txhaj ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 degrees yog tias cov tshuaj insulin rau hauv caj npab, txhais ceg lossis lub plab me. Vim tias nyob hauv cov chaw no tuab ntawm cov nqaij subcutaneous yog txo qis.
- Rau cov neeg mob neeg laus, nws tsis muaj kev paub siv cov koob ntev li 8 hli. Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib insulin yuav tsum pib ua nrog rab koob luv luv.
- Rau cov menyuam yaus thiab tub ntxhais hluas - nws raug nquahu kom siv koob 4 lossis 5 hli ntev. Nws yog qhov zoo rau cov mob ntshav qab zib no los tsim daim tawv nqaij ua ntej txhaj tshuaj kom tsis txhob nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj insulin. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias rab koob nrog qhov ntev 5 hli lossis ntau dua yog siv. Nrog rau 6 hli ntev rab koob, kev txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem ua nyob ntawm kaum ntawm 45 degrees, thiab daim tawv nqaij tsis tuaj yeem tsim.
- Yog tias tus neeg mob laus siv lub koob uas ntev li 8 hli lossis tshaj saud, ces nws yuav tsum tsim daim tawv nqaij thiab / lossis txhaj insulin ntawm kaum ntawm 45 degrees. Txwv tsis pub, muaj qhov pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj rau insulin.
Xaus: them sai sai rau qhov ntev thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub koob rau cov kua insulin thiab cov xaum xaum. Qhov thinner lub koob lub taub, qhov kev mob ntau tshaj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin yuav. Tib lub sijhawm, insulin koob txhaj tshuaj yog twb tau tso tawm nyias li sai tau. Yog tias lawv tau ua rau nyias dua, tom qab ntawd lawv yuav pib tawg thaum txhaj tshuaj. Cov neeg tsim khoom nkag siab zoo txog qhov no.
Koj tuaj yeem muab cov tshuaj insulin rau koj tus kheej kiag li tsis hnov mob kiag li. Ua kom zoo li no, xaiv cov koob txhaj tshuaj nyias thiab siv cov txheej txheem kev txhaj tshuaj nrawm.
Muaj pes tsawg lub tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem ua nrog ib rab koob
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov koob tshuaj insulin - peb twb tau sib tham ua ntej lawm hauv tsab xov xwm no. Ua kom lawv cov koob txhaj tshuaj yooj yim tshaj plaws rau cov ntshav qab zib, cov tuam ntxhab ua haujlwm hnyav. Cov tswv yim ntawm insulin koob yog ntse ntse siv cov kev siv thev naus laus zis kawg li, thiab tseem kom ntub. Tab sis yog tias koj siv rab koob ntau dua, thiab ntau dua yog li, rov ua dua, tom qab ntawd nws cov taub yog npub, thiab txheej lubricating yog lwv.
Koj tuaj yeem ntseeg sai sai tias qhov kev rov ua dua ntawm cov tshuaj insulin los ntawm tib rab koob dhau los ua ntau dua thiab mob dua txhua zaus. Koj yuav tsum nce ntxiv lub zog kom chob tawv nqaij nrog rab koob blunt. Vim tias qhov no, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm khoov rau rab koob lossis tseem tawg nws nce.
Muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev rov siv tshuaj insulin uas tsis tuaj yeem pom nrog lub qhov muag. Cov no yog cov leeg raug mob me me. Nrog rau qhov muaj zog kho qhov muag tau pom, nws tuaj yeem pom tias tom qab txhua tus siv rab koob, nws cov ntsis taub ntau dua thiab ntau dua thiab siv rau ntawm cov duab ntawm cov nuv. Tom qab muaj cov tshuaj insulin, cov koob yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Txij ntawm no pom, tus nuv rhuav cov ntaub so ntswg, raug mob rau lawv.
Vim tias qhov no, ntau tus neeg mob pib txhim kho cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Feem ntau muaj qhov txhab ntawm cov nqaij tawv nqaij me me, uas pom los ntawm ntsaws ruaj ruaj. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lawv raws sijhawm, koj yuav tsum kuaj xyuas thiab sojntsuam tawv nqaij. Vim tias qee zaum cov teeb meem no tsis pom, thiab koj tuaj yeem tsuas pom lawv los ntawm kov.
Lipodystrophic cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj rau daim tawv tsis yog tsuas yog kev ua kom zoo li cosmetic. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob loj. Koj tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv insulin hauv thaj chaw teeb meem, tab sis feem ntau cov neeg mob txuas ntxiv ua qhov no. Vim tias kev txhaj tshuaj muaj qhov mob tsawg dua. Qhov tseeb yog tias kev nqus ntawm insulin los ntawm cov chaw no yog qhov tsis sib xws. Vim li no, cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav yuav hloov pauv tau.
Cov lus qhia rau syringe cwjmem qhia tias rab koob yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tom qab txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tsis ua raws txoj cai no. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov channel nruab nrab ntawm lub laub insulin thiab ib puag ncig tseem qhib. Maj mam, huab cua nkag mus rau hauv lub khob, thiab ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj insulin ploj vim xau.
Thaum huab cua pom nyob rau hauv daim cartridge, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj insulin poob qis. Yog tias muaj huab cua ntau ntau nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, tom qab ntawd qee zaum tus neeg mob tau txais tsuas yog 50-70% ntawm cov tshuaj insulin ntau ntau. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, thaum muab cov tshuaj insulin siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj, lub koob yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd, tab sis 10 vib nas this tom qab lub piston tau mus txog nws txoj haujlwm qis.
Yog tias koj siv rab koob ob peb zaug, qhov no ua rau qhov tseeb hais tias lub channel dhau los txhaws nrog insulin muaju, thiab cov dej ntws ntawm kev daws yog qhov nyuaj. Muab tag nrho cov saum toj no, qhov xav tau, txhua rab koob yuav tsum tsuas yog siv ib zaug xwb. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum soj ntsuam ib zaug nrog txhua tus mob ntshav qab zib nws cov txheej txheem rau kev siv tshuaj insulin thiab kev mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Cov tshuaj insulin
Qhov xaum insulin yog cov koob txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb sab hauv uas koj tuaj yeem ntxig tus cartridge me me nrog insulin. Lub taub hau koob yuav tsum ua lub neej yooj yim rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, vim tias koj tsis tas yuav nqa koob txhaj thiab ib qho dej ntawm insulin. Qhov teeb meem nrog cov khoom siv no yog tias cov kauj ruam ntawm lawv cov nplai feem ntau yog 1 ntu ntawm cov tshuaj insulin. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog 0.5 PIECES rau menyuam yaus cov insulin cwjmem. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov zaub mov tsis muaj carbohydrate thiab kawm paub txog kev tswj ntshav qab zib kom tsawg nrog cov tshuaj insulin, ces qhov tseeb no yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau koj.
Ntawm cov neeg mob uas ua tiav peb hom kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 lossis hom kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 (saib txuas txuas saum toj), insulin syringe pens tsuas yog tsim rau cov neeg rog dhau los. Yuav tsum tau muaj cov tshuaj insulin ntau hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, txawm hais tias yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem. Rau lawv, muab cov kev ua yuam kev ntawm ± 0.5 U ntawm insulin tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Rau feem ntau cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 lossis hom 2 uas tau kho raws li peb txoj hauv kev, kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem tsuas yog txiav txim siab yog tias lawv pib tso tawm hauv 0.25 units ntawm insulin. Hauv cov ntawv xov xwm txog ntshav qab zib, koj tuaj yeem nyeem tias tib neeg sim "sib zog" cov xaum xaum kom txhaj cov koob tshuaj tsawg dua 0.5 PIECES ntawm cov tshuaj insulin. Tab sis hom kev ntseeg siab no tsis yog txhawb.
Yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj ntshav qab zib uas pab tswj hwm koj lub qab los noj mov, ces koj yuav tsum tau rhais lawv nrog cov kua phoov uas tuaj nrog cov khoom siv. Tab sis nrog cov tshuaj no tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi nrog kev noj tshuaj, zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj insulin. Txhaj tshuaj kho ntshav qab zib los pab tswj koj lub qab los noj mov nrog rab koob xaum qhuav yog qhov qub. Siv cov xaum xaum rau kev txhaj cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov tsis zoo, vim tias koj tsis tuaj yeem kho lub koob tshuaj qis. Zoo dua siv cov insulin syringes tsis tu ncua. Saib cov ntawv sau “Cov Txheej Txheem Rau Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tsis Zoo ntawm Insulin” thiab “Yuav Ua Li Cas Tso Tshuaj Tua Hluav Taws Xob kom tsis txhob txhaj rau qhov Caj Npaws Qis”.
