Ntxiv rau qhov kev hloov pauv uas tsis pom kev ntawm lub qhov muag uas tshwm sim nrog cov khoom nruab nrog sab hauv thiab cov qog ua kua hauv lub cev, muaj cov cim ntawm ntshav qab zib rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nyob ntawm daim ntawv, hnub nyoog ntawm tus kab mob, lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, kev vam meej (lossis futility) ntawm kev kho mob, qhia ntau lossis tsawg dua.
Cov no yog cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim hauv kev ua kom pom tawv nqaij tawv nqaij (thawj), lossis ua rau tsis tsuas yog ua kom tawv nqaij puas, tab sis kuj ua rau kev koom tes ntawm cov kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov leeg (theem nrab, cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm ntshav qab zib mellitus).
Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau kev txiav txim siab txog qhov tob ntawm cov kev hloov pauv uas tau tshwm sim hauv lub cev los ntawm cov duab hauv Is Taws Nem, qhov tseeb hais tias lawv twb "tawg tawm" (rau thiab hauv daim tawv nqaij) qhia lawv qhov tseem ceeb - thiab xav tau lub tswv yim tshiab - txoj kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv cov kab mob tawm-ntawm-tswj.
Hloov cov tawv nqaij mob ntshav qab zib
Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua pa rau lub cev nrog nquag tso zis heev, lub saj ntawm cov zis qab zib (vim muaj cov suab thaj hauv nws), ib qho ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntshav qab zib yog lub cev qhuav dej, uas pom los ntawm kev nqhis dej tsis txaus thiab qhov ncauj qhuav tas li, txawm tias nquag haus dej haus.
Muaj cov tsos mob no yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm cov txheej txheem biochemical, vim cov dej zoo li "ntws los ntawm", tsis nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
Hyperglycemia (muaj suab thaj ntau hauv cov ntshav vim kev noj cov zaub mov tsis txaus siab ntawm lub cev) yog qhov ua rau qhov no, vim tias cov metabolism hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg tau cuam tshuam nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov kawg.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hlwb ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg ntshav - vim li ntawd, cov teeb meem tshwm sim nrog cov ntshav thiab cov nqaij hauv lub plawv, uas ua rau lawv tsis meej trophic.
Muab cov khoom noj tsis txaus, "dej nyab" nrog cov khoom lag luam lom uas tsis tau tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm, cov ntaub so ntswg pib qhuav thiab ces vau.
Cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj ntshav qab zib
Cov tsos ntawm kev txuam nrog vim los ntawm tus kabmob hloov pauv ntau qhov tseem ceeb, ua rau pom qhov tsis zoo vim qhov:
- tag nrho cov tawv nqaij tuab, uas tau poob nws lub cev elasticity;
- tev loj heev, tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb hauv cov tawv taub hau;
- cov tsos ntawm calluses rau ntawm xib teg thiab cov taw ntsa;
- ua kom tawg ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrhiav kom paub xim xim daj;
- kev hloov ntawm cov ntsia hlau, lawv cov deformation thiab tuab ntawm daim hlau vim yog qhov mob ntsws tsis xws luag;
- npub plaub hau;
- cov tsos ntawm pigmentation me ntsis.
Vim tias lub dryness ntawm txheej sab sauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov qog ua kua, uas tsis ua tiav lawv txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv, khaus tawv nqaij, ua rau sib txuas (kom ntseeg tau yooj yim ntawm tus kab mob - pathogens nkag mus rau lub plab hnyuv ntawm cov nqaij), cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau ntxim rau cov kabmob pustular - hauv cov neeg hluas thiab cov neeg hluas, cov no yog pob txuv, hauv cov neeg laus:
- folliculitis;
- boils thiab lwm cov pyoderma sib sib zog nqus;
- kev pom tseeb ntawm candidiasis.
Cov duab ntawm cov pob khaus raws ntshav qab zib:
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tawv nqaij trophic ntawm cov tawv taub hau ua rau lub ntsej muag ua tsis ua haujlwm tawm hws thiab cov qog sebaceous (nrog cov tsos ntawm dandruff thiab diffuse - hnav rau tag nrho lub taub hau - plaub hau poob).
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub hau ntawm cov qis qis yog qhov cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb - vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm qhov qis qis, qhov mob hnyav ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog yog qhov muaj zog, ntxiv mus, txhais ceg yuav luag tas li hnav thiab duav, uas txuas ntxiv ua rau cov ntshav ncig.
Txhua yam no ua rau pom qhov ua pob ntawm tsis haum, thaum suav thiab kev raug mob me me yog qhov nyuaj rau kev kho - tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws mob txhaws.
Hloov pH ntawm saum npoo ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke tsis yog txhawb nqa kev qhia txog tus kabmob microbial, tabsis tseem ua rau pom cov ciaj sia ntawm mycotic (fungal) muaj nyob rau ntawm nws - candida (poov xab-zoo li, uas ua rau pom thawb tawm) thiab lichen.
Thawj cov kab mob
Nrog rau cov kev tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib li khaus (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv qhov chaw mos), qhov ntev ntawm cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo ntawm kev raug mob me me (kev ua kom tsis raug mob, ua kom mob, abrasions), keratosis-acanthosis nrog cov tsos ntawm hyperpigmentation ntawm daim tawv muag, thaj chaw mos (koom nrog rau sab hauv ntawm tus ncej puab) thiab qhov quav ua tau. cov tsos mob ntawm ib qho pathology - ntshav qab zib:
- tshuaj dermopathy;
- xav tau,
- lipodystrophy;
- pemphigus.
Tshuaj mob ntsws
Kev hais tawm sab nraud ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwm sim sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yog chav kawm ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib.
Nws yog qhia los ntawm cov tsos ntawm papules ntawm xim los ntawm liab mus rau yuav luag xim av, ntawm txoj kab uas hla me me (ntawm 5 txog 10-12 hli), symmetrically nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg, feem ntau nyob ntawm thaj chaw pem hauv ntej ntawm ob txhais ceg.
Tom qab, lawv tau hloov mus rau atrophic hyperpigmented pob nrog scaly peeling, uas tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob thiab ploj mus sai sai tom qab 1-2 xyoo (vim muaj kev txhim kho microcirculation rau qee qhov laj thawj thiab txo qis ntawm qhov mob ntawm microangiopathy tshwj xeeb).
Lawv tsis ua rau kev kawm tsis xis nyob, lawv tsis xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, feem ntau, qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib hom II rau cov txiv neej muaj kev paub ntau dhau los yog sau tseg.
Lipoid necrobiosis
Qhov tshwm sim, uas ua lub luag haujlwm txuas ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheem saum toj no, nrog kev txhim kho ntawm dystrophy-atrophy ntawm daim tawv nqaij vim qhov tuag ntawm nws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm nrog lawv hloov nrog caws pliav.
Nws yog ib tus mob ntau dua rau cov poj niam dua li tus txiv neej, tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv 1-4% ntawm cov mob ntshav qab zib insulin-tsis hais mob (tsis hais lub hnub nyoog, tab sis feem ntau tsis dhau 15-40 xyoo).
Tsis muaj qhov tseeb meej ua ke nrog cov tshuaj ntawm tus kab mob (pathology ob leeg tuaj yeem ua ntej lub tsev kho mob tsim kab mob thiab tshwm sim ua ke nrog nws), zoo ib yam siv rau cov mob hnyav ntawm ntshav qab zib.
Tsis hais txog qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj insulin, foci (ib leeg, nrog thaj chaw muaj qhov txhab dav) nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm ob txhais ceg, thaum pib ntawm cov txheej txheem tau tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov pob sawv ntawm qhov chaw lossis tiaj nodules nrog lub ntsej muag uas muaj qhov chaw du.
Lawv muaj cov xim xiav-xiav, cov kab sib npaug los yog txhais los ntawm cov kab lus nkhaus ntawm ib qho qhia meej ntawm cov ciam teb uas txav mus rau qhov khoom thaum uas ua kom pom tseeb zuj zus tuaj. Qhov kawg tsos ntawm cov formations yog li ib txwm uas nws tsis xav tau kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv zoo sib xws (anular granuloma thiab zoo li).
Cov no yog foci kom meej meej delimited los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig, muaj cov duab (oval lossis polygonal) ncav rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov ntev.
Tsa ceg thaj av ntawm thaj ua rau lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag hloov ua lub nplhaib (cyanotic liab nrog tev tshwm sim) nyob ib puag ncig thaj chaw hauv nruab nrab (xim zoo nkauj los ntawm daj mus rau daj-xim av), zoo li yog sunken, tab sis qhov tseeb muaj tib qib nrog daim tawv nqaij ib puag ncig.
Daim duab ntawm daim tawv nqaij voos nrog lipoid necrobiosis:
Txuas ntxiv atrophic cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev kawm ua rau lub ntsej muag ntawm:
- telangiectasias;
- mob me me hyperpigmentation;
- ntxuav.
Ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm tus qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis ua rau pom qhov hnov tau zoo li mob, qhov mob tsuas yog pom tshwm sim thaum pib mob.
Lwm yam kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas muaj suab thaj muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:
- Cov ntshav qab zib lipodystrophy - atrophy (txog nws qhov kev ploj tag ua tiav) ntawm txheej txheej ntawm subcutaneous rog nrog rau qhov ua kom tawv nqaij tawv nqaij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm "kab laug sab leeg" - teleangiectasias, daim tawv nqaij puas tsuaj nrog kev tsim cov mob tom qab.
- Xanthomatosis - qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub qhwv tiaj tiaj, ua cov phiaj xwm npawv, cov xim daj los ntawm daj mus rau xim av daj, tsa saum cov tawv nqaij (feem ntau rau ntawm lub pob tw, nraub qaum, tsis tshua muaj lub ntsej muag, txhais ceg).
- Hyperkeratosis - ntau dhau keratinization, ua rau daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus taw tuab (vim muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha leeg ntshav thiab cov hlab ntsha vim tias cov hlab ntsha tsis ua haujlwm thiab sab hauv).
- Mob pwm thiab kab mob microbial (nrog kev tsim ntawm lub rwj, carbuncles thiab txawm ntxaum kis ntawm daim tawv nqaij).
- Ntiv nplhaib puab zoo li tus ntiv tes xoos - npog ntsej muag thiab txhais tes ntawm cov pob khaus, muaj arched (ntiv nplhaib-puab) cov ntsiab lus.
- Ntshav pemphigus.
Lub tshuab ua ntshav qab zib (saib daim duab) yog lub exfoliation ntawm epidermis tsim nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab cov kua dej dermis, ua rau muaj qhov rov tshwm sim ntawm lub pas dej uas muaj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb lossis ntshav dej nrog cov ntshav cov ntsiab lus - hemorrhagic cov ntsiab lus. Txawm hais tias kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kua hauv lub zais zis, nws ib txwm tsis ua haujlwm.
Txawm hais tias qhov mob tsis zoo ntawm qhov tsim (muaj qhov ntev ntawm ob peb millimetres lossis ob peb ntu) uas tau tshwm sim rau ntawm caj npab, pob luj taws, ntiv taw lossis sab caj npab tam sim ntawd, yam tsis muaj qhov liab liab, khaus lossis lwm yam tsos mob, nws ib txwm ua rau pom thiab ceeb toom rau tus neeg mob, txawm li ntawd ploj mus yam tsis muaj txim thiab yog li raws li inexplicably raws li nws tau tshwm sim (hauv 2-4 lub lis piam).
Lwm yam teebmeem thib ob
Pawg no suav nrog:
- cov kab mob txhab;
- fungal kis.
Cov kab mob kis tau ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog ntshav qab zib muaj ntau dua li cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj cov kab mob endocrine.
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov mob ntshav qab zib mob, uas, thaum tsim rau ntawm ko taw, ua kom nws yuav tsum tau txiav tawm ntawm tus ceg ntawm qib siab thiab ua rau neeg tuag taus, nws kuj tseem muaj ntau yam kev xaiv rau streptococcal thiab staphylococcal pyoderma:
- carbuncles;
- kev npau npau;
- phlegmon;
- erysipelas;
- tshuaj pleev qhov ncauj;
- paronychia.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm cuam tshuam kev sib kis thiab cov txheej txheem ua rau lub cev tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg mob, lub sijhawm ntev dua ntawm cov theem ntawm decompensation ntawm tus kab mob, nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm lub cev insulin kom ua.
Ntawm cov tawv nqaij fungal teeb meem, candidiasis, feem ntau yog ua rau los ntawm hom tsiaj Candida albicans, tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam.
Qhov muaj kev ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws yog cov neeg mob ntawm cov laus thiab cov hnub nyoog laus, cov neeg mob lub cev nyhav dhau heev lawm, qhov twg thaj chaw ntawm ntau daim tawv nqaij dhau los ua thaj chaw nyiam ntawm ib puag ncig:
- kev noj;
- vauv nruab nrab;
- sublingual;
- nruab nrab ntawm lub plab thiab lub plab mog.
Cov kua qog ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab qhov ncauj ntawm qhov ncauj tsis yog tsawg dua "tau mus xyuas" los ntawm cov pwm, cov mob hnyav uas coj mus rau kev txhim kho:
- vulvitis thiab vulvovaginitis;
- balanitis (balanoposthitis);
- angular cheilitis (nrog rau qhov chaw hauv cov fab ntawm qhov ncauj).
Candidomycosis, feem ntau dhau los ua qhov taw qhia rau cov ntshav qab zib, tsis hais txog thaj chaw twg, qhia nws tus kheej tias yog khaus tseem ceeb thiab cuam tshuam, uas cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kabmob tom qab koom nrog.
Raws li tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab, maceration ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov npaj "txaj" rau "tseb" ntawm cov pwm.
Qhov no yog qhov yaig (tsim vim qhov desquamation ntawm stratum corneum) lub ntsej muag daj, xim ci thiab dej noo los ntawm cov hws tawm los ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob rau hauv cov epidermis, ntxiv mus, nws tau muab zais rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub cev (huab cua tsis xav tau ntau rau cov poov xab kab mob, tab sis cov cua sov ua rau germination ntawm spores thiab kev loj hlob ntawm hom hom pwm).
Lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev yaig thiab cov npoo tawg yog ciam ntawm thaj chaw ntawm "kev tshuaj ntsuam", uas yog foci nrog cov npuas me, thaum qhib ntawm qhov uas cov xeb theem ob yog tsim, uas zoo li sib koom ua ke thiab (tib lub sijhawm) loj hlob nrog kev nthuav dav thaj chaw thiab nws qhov tob zuj zus mus rau "av".
Kev tu tawv nqaij
Muab qhov muaj kab mob hauv qab (mob ntshav qab zib), kev ntsuas kom huv si rau kev tu cov tawv nqaij muaj roj thiab tsis muaj zog yuav tsis nqa kev pab cuam.
Tsuas yog lawv cov kev sib xyaw nrog kev siv cov khoom siv suab thaj kom txo qis kom haum rau hom kab mob tuaj yeem ua kom tau txiaj ntsig zoo.
Tab sis vim yog muaj ntau lub nuances nyob rau hauv chav kawm dav dav ntawm tus kab mob, nrog rau qhov xam qhov tseeb hauv txhua tus neeg mob, nrog rau qhov xav tau los ntawm chav kuaj ntshav qab zib ntau ntau, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tswj cov txheej txheem kho.
Mob taw qab zib kho ko taw video:
Tsis muaj kev ntxias siv cov txheej txheem ntawm "cov tshuaj kho mob" tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog - tsuas yog tom qab kev pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob kho lawv, lawv tuaj yeem siv (hauv hom kev pom zoo nrog kev soj ntsuam nruj ntawm cov ntau txheej txheem).
Nrog cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntshiab, kev ua pov thawj zoo tshaj plaws nyob hauv:
- los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm aniline dyes - 2 lossis 3% daws ntawm methylene xiav (xiav), 1% pob zeb diamond-grun (dej cawv tov ntawm "cov khoom ntsuab"), Fucorcin tov (Castellani muaj pes tsawg leeg);
- pastes thiab ointments nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 10% boric acid.
Tus kab mob hu ua microbial, fungal lossis sib xyaw sib kis, cov khoom sib txuas raug xaiv raws li cov txiaj ntsig kev kuaj sim - microscopic thiab nrog cov kab mob sown ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus nruab nrab, tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob kab lis kev cai thiab nws qhov rhiab rau ntau pawg tshuaj (antimicrobial lossis antifungal).
Yog li, kev siv tshwj xeeb "pej xeem" txoj hauv kev tsis muaj ntau dua ib txoj hauv kev poob lub sijhawm zoo thiab txawm tias muaj ntau dua qhov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog lub suab thaj. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum kho cov teeb meem ntawm nws txoj kev kho kom zoo.
