Txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj insulins raws li lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj pharmacological tau muab faib ua ultrashort, luv, nruab nrab thiab ntev kev ua yeeb tshuaj. Kuj tseem muaj kev sib txuam tshuaj uas ua lawv txoj haujlwm hauv 2 theem. Degludec yog cov tshuaj insulin uas siv ntev los kho cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, ob hom tshuaj thib ib thiab thib ob. Cov tshuaj tshiab no tau txais los ntawm kev siv biotechnological thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic.
Cov ncauj lus dav dav thiab cov cim qhia
Xws li cov tshuaj insulin ntshiab yog tsim los ntawm lub chaw tsim tshuaj Novo Nordisk, thiab nws tau sau npe nyob rau hauv lub lag luam npe Tresiba. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv 2 daim ntawv ntau npaum:
- daws nyob rau hauv cov cwj mem-kua-pov tseg (insulin lub npe "Tresiba Flextach");
- daws hauv cov roj cartridges rau cov tib neeg rov siv tau cov tshuaj insulin (Tresiba Penfill).
Feem ntau cov tshuaj feem ntau siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj hom insulin-tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib. Tom qab tau nkag hauv qab daim tawv nqaij, ib qho kev txhim kho cov roj ntsha insulin molecule ua cov txheej txheem tiv taus kev nyuaj, uas yog ib hom ntawm depot ntawm cov tshuaj no. Xws li cov kev sib txuas txhawm rau txhawm rau qeeb, vim tias cov insulin tas li nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau siv. Cov tshuaj feem ntau yog siv 1 zaug nyob rau ib hnub, vim tias nws cov nyhuv tseem mob tsawg kawg yog 24 teev.
Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem siv qee zaum nrog rau kev kho mob sib xyaw rau hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Yog hais tias tus txiav ua kom tiav los yog nws lub zog tsis zoo, ntxiv rau cov ntsiav tshuaj uas muaj suab thaj, tus neeg mob yuav xav tau tshuaj insulin. Muaj ntau lub npe lag luam tawm rau cov tshuaj hormones uas tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj no, thiab Treshiba yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Kev siv cov tshuaj pab ua rau cov ntshav khov nyob rau hauv lub cev, txhim kho lub cev ua haujlwm tag nrho thiab txhim kho lub neej kom zoo.
Kev siv cov tshuaj nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm kev mob ntawm tus kabmob ntshav qab zib hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kis nrog tsawg kawg thiab noj sijhawm luv luv.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Qhov insulin ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm kev lag luam yog tsim tawm uas siv cov kev tsim hluav taws xob. Nws tau txais los ntawm hom tshwj xeeb uas yog cov poov xab tau hloov kho thiab "ntse dua" rau cov haujlwm no. Xav txog cov txheej txheem tsim tawm, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov amino acids nyob rau hauv insulin no zoo heev rau tib neeg cov tshuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm biotechnological, cov tshuaj hormones molecule tuaj yeem tsim qee yam khoom thiab tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj raws li cov tshuaj insulin degludec:
- zoo siab;
- theem siab ntawm kev huv huv;
- hypoallergenicity.
Kev siv cov tshuaj ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho mob siab rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 pub rau koj tswj cov ntshav qabzib nyob rau hauv cov ntshav li 24-40 teev. Kev phom sij ntawm kev txhim kho hypoglycemia nrog cov tshuaj raug xaiv kom raug yog qhov txo qis rau xoom.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj insulin yog tus nqi siab ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab zoo li nrog lwm yam tshuaj, muaj qhov theoretical muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim (txawm hais tias qhov no nws yog qhov tsawg). Qhov tsis xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim feem ntau yog tias cov thawj coj ntawm lub zog tsis pom, qhov ntau npaum li cas yog qhov tsis txaus lossis qhov kev kho tshuaj tsis raug xaiv.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li:
- kev tawm tsam tsis haum (feem ntau - ua pob liab me rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij zoo li urticaria);
- rog tsis zoo;
- ntshav tshuaj qis;
- xeev siab, mob plab, raws plab;
- qhov mob thiab liab ntawm thaj chaw txhaj tshuaj;
- kev saib xyuas dej hauv lub cev.
Cov tshuaj feem ntau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog qhov tsis xis nyob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Tab sis xws li kev nthuav qhia, hmoov tsis zoo, yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj. Txhawm rau txo qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv daim ntaub adipose nrog txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm insulin, nws yog qhov tsim nyog hloov lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub cev. Qhov no tso cai rau cov nqaij mos subcutaneous kom yoog tau yooj yim dua rau kev txhaj tshuaj tas li thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab hloov pauv mob heev.
Lub ntsej muag insulin yog rau kev siv tus kheej nkaus xwb. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob kis cov kab mob sib kis los ntawm cov ntshav, nws tsis tuaj yeem xa mus rau ib tus neeg, txawm tias cov txheeb ze nyob ze
Cov Tswv Yim Siv Kev Nyab Xeeb
Cov tshuaj yog npaj rau subcutaneous thawj coj nkaus xwb. Nws tsis tuaj yeem muab cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, vim tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj suab thaj ntau thiab ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg. Intramuscular txhaj kuj tsis pub, vim tias lawv cuam tshuam nrog kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj.
Hom insulin thiab lawv qhov kev txiav tximQhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas koom, raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob thiab muaj cov kab mob sib kis ntawm lwm cov plab hnyuv siab raum thiab cov kab ke. Nrog rau hom ntshav qab zib hom 1, cov tshuaj feem ntau tau siv 1 zaug nyob rau ib hnub. Nws tsis tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj nkaus xwb, vim hais tias nws tsis thaiv tus neeg mob qhov xav tau rau insulin sai li sai tau ua ntej noj mov. Yog li ntawd, nws tau sau tseg nyob rau hauv tau ua ke nrog lwm cov insulins ntawm kev txiav txim luv lossis ultrashort.
Muaj kev sib txuam tshuaj uas muaj ob qho tib si aspart insulin thiab degludec. Aspart yog ib hom kev luv luv ua yeeb yaj kiab hluav taws xob, yog li qhov sib xyaw no tso cai rau koj tsis kam ntxiv kev ntxiv ua ntej noj mov. Tab sis qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tsis zoo ib yam hauv cov pab pawg sib txawv ntawm cov neeg mob thiab nyob ntawm ntau yam kev sib txuam, yog li tsuas yog tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau sau nws.
Cov kev tsis haum rau kev siv cov tshuaj insulin degludec:
- cev xeeb tub thiab lactation;
- tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog txog 18 xyoo (vim tias tsis muaj kev kho mob ntau yam hais txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov menyuam lub cev);
- kev tsis qaug tshuaj thiab kev fab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj.
Degludek yog ib hom kev hloov kho hluavtaws insulin uas tau ua tiav zoo siv los kho cov neeg mob uas muaj mob sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus. Ua tsaug rau cov tshuaj no, nws muaj peev xwm ua tau kom zoo rau theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ntawm qib uas yuav tsum tau ua thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo ntawm tus neeg mob. Qhov tsis muaj kev hloov ntawm cov ntshav qab zib sai sai yog lub hauv paus rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob thiab kev lees paub tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv.
