Mob Ntshav Qab Zib mellitus yog hais txog cov kev muaj kab mob mus rau txhua lub cev. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm txoj kev loj hlob yog txuam nrog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj hormone insulin, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev siv cov piam thaj los ntawm hlwb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov metabolism, cov theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce siab. Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus rwj qis rau lub cev hloov cov tshuaj hormones ntev mus.
Ib kab tag nrho ntawm cov khoom cua insulins tau raug tsim kho. Ib ntawm lawv yog Protafan. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv muaj cov ntaub ntawv tiav tsim nyog rau kev ywj pheej siv cov tshuaj tseem ceeb no.
Kev Sau ua ke thiab daim ntawv ntawm kev tso tawm
Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm nquag yog tib neeg insulin, tsim los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob engineering technologies. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj:
- "Protafan NM": qhov no yog tshem tawm hauv vials, txhua 10 ml, insulin concentration ntawm 100 IU / ml. Cov pob muaj 1 lub raj mis.
- "Protafan NM Penfill": cov roj cartridges uas muaj 3 ml (100 IU / ml) txhua. Hauv ib lub hlwv - 5 daim cartridges, hauv pob - 1 blister.
Cov zam: dej rau txhaj tshuaj, glycerin (glycerol), phenol, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, protamine sulfate, metacresol, sodium hydroxide thiab / lossis hydrochloric acid (los kho pH), zinc chloride.
Pharmacological kev txiav txim
"Protafan" yog hais txog cov tshuaj hypoglycemic ntawm lub sijhawm nruab nrab. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog ua kom muaj kev nkag mus ntawm cov kua nplaum los ntawm cov xoos ntawm tes.
Txuas ntxiv tsim cov hauv qab no cov tshuab:
- Nws ua kom muaj ntau lub enzymes tsim nyog rau lub neej - glycogen synthetase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, hexokinase;
- Block adipose nqaij lipase thiab lipoprotein lipase;
- Tsim kho cov phosphorylation ntawm cov protein cev.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tsis tsuas yog tso cai ntawm cov piam thaj mus rau hauv lub cell yog kho kom zoo dua, tab sis kuj tseem siv nws nrog kev tsim cov glycogen. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim hluavtaws ntawm cov xovtooj ntawm tes raug tsim tawm.
Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv Protafan
Cov tshuaj yog siv rau txhua yam ntshav qab zibCov. Hauv hom I, kev kho mob yog pib tam sim ntawd nrog nws, hauv hom II, Protafan tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov neeg tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm sulfonylurea derivatives, thaum cev xeeb tub, thaum ua haujlwm thiab tom qab ua haujlwm, nyob rau hauv muaj cov kab mob concomitant complicating chav kawm mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.
Cov Chaw Tshuaj Kho Mob
Qhov pib ntawm kev nqis tes ua tau sau cia 1.5 teev tom qab subcutaneous thawj coj. Kev ua siab tshaj plaws - tom qab 4-12 teev. Lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev nqis tes yog 24 teev.
Cov tshuaj pharmacokinetics no qhia meej txog cov qauv dav dav ntawm kev siv "Protafan":
- Ntshav qab zib mob ntshav qab zib mellitus - yog cov cuab yeej yooj yim hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog insulins luv luv-ua yeeb yam.
- Cov ntshav qab zib tsis-insulin-tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav qab zib - ob qho tib si monotherapy nrog tus neeg sawv cev no thiab kev sib txuas nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sai tau tso cai.
Yog tias cov tshuaj siv los ua kev kho mob mono, nws yog pricked ua ntej noj mov. Hauv kev siv theem pib, muab ib hnub ib zaug (yav sawv ntxov lossis yav tsaus ntuj).
Txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov
Cov tshuaj yog txhaj rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Lub chaw ib txwm yog thaj chaw ntawm lub ntsag. Cov kev txhaj tshuaj tau tso cai nyob hauv thaj av ntawm thaj tsam ntawm sab xub ntiag phab ntsa, pob tw, thiab cov leeg nqaij ntawm caj npab. Qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum tau sib hloov los tiv thaiv txoj kev txhim kho ntawm lipodystrophy. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum rub tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom tsis txhob raug mob txhawm rau tshuaj insulin.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov kua xaum xaum rau kev siv tshuaj insulin "Protafan"
Kev tswj hwm tus kheej ntev ntawm cov ntawv txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum ua kom yooj yim cov txheej txheem no ntau li ntau tau. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ib qho xaum xaum hluav taws xob, ntxiv roj nrog Protafana cartridges, tau tsim kho.
Txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum paub cov lus qhia rau kev siv los ntawm lub plawv:
- Ua ntej yuav ntim daim cartridge, tshawb xyuas cov ntawv ntim kom paub tseeb tias ntau npaum cov tshuaj kom raug.
- Nco ntsoov soj ntsuam lub cartridge nws tus kheej: yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau nws lossis qhov sib txawv pom ntawm daim kab xev dawb thiab cov roj hmab piston, ces cov ntim no tsis siv.
- Cov roj hmab nyias siv los kho nrog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob siv cov paj rwb ntaws.
- Ua ntej kev txhim kho daim cartridge, lub kaw lus tso tawm. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, hloov txoj haujlwm kom lub khob pob hauv sab hauv txav ntawm ib kawg mus rau lwm qhov tsawg kawg 20 zaug. Tom qab qhov no, cov kua yuav tsum ua huab.
- Tsuas yog cov cartridges uas tsawg kawg 12 units ntawm insulin yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw ua ke raws li cov qauv uas tau piav los saum no. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tshuaj rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nkaug tus cwj mem.
- Tom qab tso ntxig rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, rab koob yuav tsum nyob ntawd ntev li 6 feeb. Tsuas yog hauv qhov no qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yuav raug nkag ua tiav.
- Tom qab txhua qhov txhaj koob, rab koob tshem tawm cov koob txhaj tshuaj. Qhov no txwv tsis pub cov kua dej tsis raws siab, ua rau muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv.
Tag nrho cov lus qhia saum toj no qhia txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov tshuaj lossis nws qhov tsis haum, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj teebmeem thiab tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Koob tshuaj
Txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau nws tus kheej qhov ntau thiab tsawg zaus ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm insulin. Nws tau suav los ntawm tus neeg endocrinologist tshwj xeeb rau tus kheej, nyob ntawm theem pib hauv qab lub ntsej muag thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm nws tus kheej lawm.
Tus cwj pwm tsis saib xyuas kev noj tshuaj thiab cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob ua rau muaj kev loj hlob hnyav ntawm kev kho mob insulin: hypo- lossis hyperglycemic coma, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob tuag tas.
Cov ntsiab cai dav dav rau xaiv cov koob tshuaj ntawm "Protafan":
- Cov tshuaj yuav tsum muaj lub cev xav tau rau lub cev, uas yog 0.3-1 IU / kg / hnub.
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov tshuaj insulin tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv ntawm cov kev xav tau, thiab yog li cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov no raug pom thaum muaj nkauj tiav nraug lossis hauv cov neeg mob rog rog.
- Yog hais tias tus neeg mob khaws cov tshuaj lom ua ke ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm insulin, ces cov koob tshuaj tau hloov kho hauv qab.
- Cov kab mob mus ntev ntawm daim siab thiab lub raum kuj txo qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev.
- Kev ntsuas rau cov tshuaj yog lawm yog qib uas muaj suab thaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm qhov ntsuas no tsis tu ncua.
Ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo rau kev taw qhia "Protafan" ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov metabolism hauv kev ua kom yuag thiab ua rau ncua kev tshwm sim rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob.
Kev phiv tshuaj
Feem ntau qhov kev xav tshwm sim tsis zoo tom qab siv cov tshuaj yog vim qhov ua haujlwm ntawm insulin hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev muab tshuaj. Qhov phom sij tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog ib qho kev mob hypoglycemic. Nws tshwm sim vim qhov kev qhia ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov tshuaj insulin uas ntau tshaj qhov nws xav tau.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav txo qis zuj zus, cov hlwb ntawm lub paj hlwb pib poob lub zog, tus neeg poob qab. Thaum tsis muaj kev pab thaum muaj xwm ceev, coma thiab tuag tshwm sim.
Lwm txoj kev phiv tshuaj tsawg dua li txaus ntshai thiab cuam tshuam nrog rau qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov no suav nrog:
- Kev ua xua tsis haum. Los ntawm cov pob khaus me me thiab ua pob xoo rau kev tawm tsam: kev tawm pob thoob plaws lub cev, o ntawm daim ntaub, ua pa luv, tachycardia, khaus heev, tawm hws. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav tshaj plaws - tsaus muag thiab tsis nco qab.
- Cov tsos mob neurological. Peripheral neuropathy yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau cov tsos mob: kev puas tsuaj rau lub hlwb tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev, qhov tsis hnov mob thiab mob hauv cov nqua, paresthesia.
- Los ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov ntawm cov khoom ntawm pom kev zoo. Tsis tshua muaj, qhov tsis yooj yim pom tshwm sim, uas feem ntau ploj mus tom qab ib pliag. Thaum pib theem pib ntawm kev kho mob, exacerbation ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy yuav tshwm sim.
- Daim tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij mos. Nrog lub caij nyoog tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin nyob rau tib qhov chaw, lipodystrophy tsim tawm.
- Kev tiv thaiv hauv zos. Muaj tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev tswj hwm tshuaj: liab, o ntawm cov nqaij mos, khaus, hematoma. Tom qab ib ntus, lawv ploj yam tsis muaj kab.
Txhua tus neeg muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum paub tus txheej txheem rau pab nrog lub xeev hypoglycemic.
Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj
"Protafan" txwv tsis pub siv tsuas yog ob rooj plaub: lub xeev hypoglycemic thiab tsis txaus siab rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov tshuaj.
Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj
Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib hom mob uas nquag ua rau muaj teeb meem los ntawm ntau yam kabmob. Txog kev kho lawv, tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho kom tsim nyog. Muaj ntau tus yeeb tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev xav tau cov tshuaj insulin (nce los yog txo nws). Thaum lawv tau siv ua ke nrog Protafan, cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau kho.
Txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "Protafan"
- Tag nrho cov khoom uas muaj ethanol. Lawv cov npe yog qhov dav heev, yog li ntawd, thaum thov cov tshuaj tshiab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kawm nws cov lus qhia kom ntxaws;
- ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-hloov enzyme) - ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj uas siv los kho ntshav siab;
- MAO inhibitors (monoamine oxidases) - cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab uas siv rau hauv kev puas siab ntsws;
- Beta-blockers (tsis yog xaiv) - kev kho mob ntawm kab mob hauv plawv;
- Tshuaj anabolic;
- Kev siv tshuaj hypoglycemic hauv qhov ncauj;
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, uas suav nrog ntau diuretics;
- Kev npaj lithium;
- Tetracycline tshuaj tua kab mob thiab sulfonamides;
- Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6);
- Ketoconazole yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob antimycotic;
- Cyclophosphamide - ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv antitumor;
- Clofibrate - txo qis cov roj cholesterol;
Fenfluramine yog qhov ua kom qab los noj mov;- Bromocriptine siv nyob rau hauv gynecology;
- Theophylline yog lub npe hu ua bronchodilator;
- Mebendazole yog anthelmintic.
Fenfluramine yog qhov ua kom qab los noj mov;Hauv cov neeg mob uas xav tau kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum txo qis ib ntus ntawm cov tshuaj insulin-muaj cov tshuaj.
Txo cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "Protafan"
- Lub qog cov tshuaj hormones siv rau kev kho hypothyroidism;
- Qeeb calcium tubule blockers (calcium antagonists), uas feem ntau siv rau hauv kev kho mob siab siab;
- Glucocorticosteroids;
- Sympathomimetics, nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm uas yog Ephedrine;
- Thiazide diuretics;
- Qhov ncauj txwv tsis pub muaj;
- Tricyclic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- Clonidine yog ib tus neeg sawv cev hypotensive;
- Phenytoin yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis haum;
- Diazoxide nrog lub diuretic thiab hypotensive nyhuv;
Kev loj hlob hormone (kev loj hlob hormone);- Nicotinic acid;
- Morphine;
- Nicotine;
- Heparin;
- Danazole siv los kho endometriosis thiab qee qhov hlav qog nqaij hlav hauv chaw kuaj mob.
Kev loj hlob hormone (kev loj hlob hormone);Qee cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj ua rau cov lus qhia sib txawv, ob leeg txhim kho thiab thaiv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Protafan. Cov no yog cawv, octreotide / lanreotide, reserpine, salicylates.
Cia rau cov neeg mob
Kev khaws cia ntawm Protafan yuav lav cia qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov tshuaj insulin, uas txhais tau tias nws yuav tiv thaiv ntau yam teeb meem:
- Lub taub ntim dej muaj nyob hauv tub yees (2-8 ° C), tab sis kom deb ntawm lub taub yees txias. Tso khov khov yog txwv tsis pub. Lub sij hawm yog 30 hli.
- Kev qhib ntim khoom yog khaws cia ntawm chav tsev tsis kub txog 25 ° C rau 6 lub lis piam. Tiv thaiv ntawm lub teeb.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tiv thaiv los ntawm menyuam yaus. Muaj hauv cov khw muag tshuaj tsuas yog muaj daim ntawv sau tshuaj. Tus nqi nruab nrab yog 350-400 rubles rau lub raj mis, 800-100 rubles rau cartridges. Qee yam analogues yog qhov pheej yig dua (piv txwv li, Humulin NPH), lwm tus tshaj nws tus nqi (Insuman Bazal GT, Biosulin N).
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb
Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus "Protafan" tsis muaj trifles. Peb sau qee tus "subtleties" uas tus neeg mob lub neej yuav vam khom:
- Tom qab tsis siv tshuaj ntxiv, lub xeev muaj hyperglycemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim (tsis muaj zog, xeev siab, lub qhov ncauj qhuav, tsis qab los, hais tsis hnov tsw ntawm acetone, tso zis ntau zaus, liab ntawm daim tawv thiab dryness nce ntxiv).
- Yog tias thaum lub sijhawm kho nws muaj kev ntxhov siab hnyav, mob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kub ib ce) lossis ua haujlwm lub cev hnyav, qhov no ua rau lub cev tsis muaj ntshav qab zib.
- Kev hloov cov tshuaj nrog lwm hom insulin (lossis cov tshuaj ntawm hom txawv) yuav tsum tau ua nyob hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev soj ntsuam cov ntshav qab zib kom tsis tu ncua.
- Ua ntej taug kev ntev nrog kev hloov chaw ntawm lub sijhawm, tus neeg mob yuav tsum sab laj nrog endocrinologist.
- Protafan NM tsis yog tsim rau lub tshuab nqus dej.
Cov tshuaj tsis txeem rau hauv thaj chaw, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kho cov koob tshuaj nyob ntawm lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub (hauv thawj peb hlis, xav tau cov tshuaj insulin tsawg dua, tom qab ntawd nce zuj zus, thiab tom qab yug menyuam nws rov qab mus rau nws qhov tseem ceeb).
