Glucose yog ib tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib. Nws cov lwg me me, txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me hauv kev sib piv rau cov lwg me me ntawm cov ntsev, muaj peev xwm tawm sai sai hauv cov channel ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
Yog li ntawd, los ntawm thaj chaw intercellular, dextrose hla mus rau hauv lub hlwb. Txoj kev no ua qhov loj tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin ntxiv.
Raws li qhov kev tso tawm no, cov metabolism hauv dej thiab cov pa roj carbon dioxide tshwm sim. Yog tias muaj qhov ntau dhau ntawm cov dextrose hauv cov hlab ntshav, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj dhau los uas tsis muaj teeb meem yog tawm ntawm lub raum.
Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab nta ntawm cov tshuaj
Cov tshuaj muaj rau txhua txhua 100 ml:
- piam thaj 5 g lossis 10 g (cov tshuaj nquag);
- sodium chloride, dej rau txhaj 100 ml, hydrochloric acid 0.1 M (excipients).
Cov kua piam thaj yog cov xim tsis muaj kob lossis daj ua kua.
Glucose yog qhov tseem ceeb monosaccharide uas them rau ib feem ntawm lub zog siv nyiaj. Nws yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov zaub mov carbohydrates yooj yim. Cov ntsiab lus caloric ntawm cov tshuaj yog 4 kcal ib gram.
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj ntau qhov sib txawv: txhim kho oxidative thiab txo cov txheej txheem, txhim kho antitoxic lub siab ua haujlwm. Tom qab kev tswj hwm kev siv tshuaj, cov tshuaj txuam rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsis muaj nitrogen thiab cov protein, thiab tseem ua rau nrawm nrawm dua cov glycogen.
Kev npaj isotonic ntawm 5% yog ib nrab muaj peev xwm sau cov dej tsis txaus. Nws muaj detoxifying thiab metabolic nyhuv, ua tus xa khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab sai li qub pov tseg.
Nrog kev qhia txog 10% hypertonic kua nplaum:
- osmotic ntshav nce siab;
- cov kua dej tawm zuj zus mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav;
- cov txheej txheem hauv metabolism yog raug txhawb;
- kev txhim kho kev ua kom huv si;
- diuresis nce ntxiv.
Cov tshuaj no qhia rau leej twg?
Ib qho 5% kev daws teeb meem muab cov tshuaj ua haujlwm koom rau:
- rov ua sai sai ntawm cov kua dej ploj (nrog rau dav dav, ntxiv ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub cev);
- tshem tawm cov kev ua kom poob siab thiab cev qhuav dej (raws li ib qho ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv poob siab thiab ntshav hloov ntshav).
10% daws tau cov cim qhia txog kev siv tshuaj thiab kev tuav dej num:
- nrog lub cev qhuav dej (ntuav, plab zom mov, hauv lub sijhawm postoperative);
- nrog kev lom nrog txhua yam tshuaj lom lossis tshuaj (arsenic, tshuaj, carbon monoxide, phosgene, cyanides, aniline);
- nrog cov ntshav qog ntshav qab zib, kab mob siab, mob ua paug, mob ntshav siab, mob ntshav hauv lub hlwb thiab lub ntsws, hemorrhagic diathesis, teeb meem teeb meem rau lub plawv, kis tus mob, mob toxico-mob;
- thaum lub sijhawm npaj cov tshuaj daws teeb meem rau kev tswj hwm cov quav (tshuaj lom 5% thiab 10%).
Kuv yuav siv qhov tshuaj siv li cas?
Ib qho tshuaj isotonic ntawm 5% yuav tsum tau dripped ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 7 ml ib feeb (150 tee hauv ib feeb lossis 400 ml ib teev).
Rau cov laus, cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm muab tshuaj rau hauv lub ntim ntawm 2 liv ib hnub. Nws yog qhov ua tau kom noj cov tshuaj subcutaneously thiab hauv enemas.
Cov tshuaj hypertonic (10%) yog qhia rau kev siv nkaus xwb los ntawm kev tswj kav dej hauv ib lub ntim ntawm 20/40/50 ml ib lub lis ntshav. Yog tias muaj ntawv pov thawj, tom qab ntawd txau nws tsis kub tshaj 60 tee ib feeb. Qhov muab tshuaj ntau tshaj rau cov neeg laus yog 1000 ml.
Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj rau lub koob txhaj tshuaj yuav nyob ntawm tus kheej qhov xav tau ntawm ib qho kab mob twg. Cov neeg laus uas tsis hnyav dhau hnub ib hnub tuaj yeem noj tsis tshaj 4-6 g / kg ib hnub (kwv yees li 250-450 g ib hnub). Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov tshuaj txhaj yuav tsum yog 30 ml / kg hauv ib hnub.
Nrog rau qhov txo qis ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic, muaj kev taw qhia kom txo cov tshuaj txhua hnub rau 200-300 g.
Yog tias muaj kev kho mob ntev ntev, ces qhov no yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntshav qab zib ntau ntau.
Rau qhov nqus sai thiab ua tiav kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj, nyob hauv qee kis, kev tswj hwm ntawm insulin ib txhij.
Qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev phiv tshuaj tiv thaiv mus rau cov quav
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg lossis cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig hauv qee kis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo ntawm lub cev mus rau cov kua nplaum ntawm 10%, piv txwv:
- npaws
- hypervolemia;
- hyperglycemia;
- mob tsis ua hauj lwm hauv seem ventricle.
Kev siv lub sijhawm ntev (lossis los ntawm kev tswj hwm sai heev ntawm cov dej ntau) ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau o tuaj, dej intoxication, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub siab ntawm lub siab lossis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob ntxig rau ntawm cov txiav.
Hauv cov chaw uas cov kab ke rau kev tswj hwm mob tau txuas nrog, kev txhim kho kev kis mob, thrombophlebitis thiab cov nqaij mos necrosis yog ua tau, raug rau hemorrhage. Zoo sib xws rau cov kua nplaum npaj hauv ampoules tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom decomposition lossis nrog cov kev coj ua tsis raug.
Nrog kev tswj hwm intravenous, ib qho kev ua txhaum ntawm electrolyte metabolism tuaj yeem sau tseg:
- hypokalemia;
- kev mob hypophosphatemia;
- hypomagnesemia.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv tshuaj rau cov tshuaj hauv cov neeg mob, nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm kom zoo.
Rau leej twg cov piam thaj tom qab?
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub ntsiab contraindications:
- ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- cerebral thiab pulmonary edema;
- hyperglycemia;
- hyperosmolar coma;
- hyperlactacidemia;
- circulatory tsis ua haujlwm, hem teeb meem kev txhim kho ntawm txoj hlab ntsws thiab lub hlwb.
Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj
Cov kua nplaum ntawm 5% thiab 10% thiab nws muaj pes tsawg leeg ua rau kom muaj kev nqus tau cov dej qab ntsev los ntawm cov hnyuv. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem pom zoo ua ke nrog ascorbic acid.
Kev koom tes ib txhij ntawm kev tswj hwm yuav tsum yog nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 chav tsev rau 4-5 g, uas muaj kev txhawb nqa qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev nqus tshuaj.
Hauv kev pom txog qhov no, cov piam thaj 10% yog qhov muaj zog txaus oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev uas tsis tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog hexamethylenetetramine.
Glucose yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws zam nrog:
- cov kev daws teeb meem alkaloids;
- kev siv tshuaj loog;
- cov tshuaj tsaug zog.
Kev daws yog tuaj yeem ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj loog, adrenomimetic tshuaj thiab txo cov nyhuv ntawm nystatin.
Ib co nuances ntawm kev taw qhia
Thaum siv cov tshuaj no tso ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib cov ntshav yuav tsum saib xyuas txhua lub sijhawm. Qhov qhia txog ntawm cov kua roj ntau hauv cov piam thaj tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas muaj qhov tsis txaus electrolyte. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm 10% tsis tuaj yeem siv tom qab muaj kev tawm tsam sai ntawm ischemia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mob vim qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm hyperglycemia ntawm tus txheej txheem kho.
Yog tias muaj kev qhia, tom qab ntawv cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev kho menyuam yaus, thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lub sijhawm lactation.
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov tshuaj no qhia tias cov piam thaj tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm los tswj cov tshuab thiab thauj.
Ntau tus neeg mob
Yog tias tau muaj ntau dhau los noj, cov tshuaj yuav muaj cov cim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hyperglycemia thiab coma yog qhov muaj feem ntau.
Kev txuam nrog rau kev nce siab ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj, kev poob siab yuav tshwm sim. Hauv lub pathogenesis ntawm cov mob no, lub zog osmotic ntawm cov kua thiab electrolytes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Kev daws rau Txoj kev lis ntshav tuaj yeem tsim hauv 5% lossis 10% siab hauv qhov ntim ntawm 100, 250, 400 thiab 500 ml.
