Yuav ua li cas los xam cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj insulin

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Kev siv tshuaj insulin - kev qhia ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal raws li insulin rau tus neeg mob nrog lub hom phiaj hloov. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no tau sau tseg rau yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj hom 1 thiab cev xeeb tub ntshav qab zib mellitus, qee cov neeg mob uas muaj hom 2. Cov tshuaj yog muab tshwj xeeb subcutaneously raws li kev txhaj tshuaj.

Tus kws tshaj lij yuav xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob insulin, suav kev noj tshuaj thiab xaiv cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog. Ib me ntsis tom qab, tus kws kho ntshav qab zib tau kawm los laij cov insulin ntawm nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau hloov kho cov tshuaj hormones thaum qhia cov kev hloov hauv lub neej, thaum qhov xav tau nws nce los yog tsawg dua. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas los laij insulin rau kev txhaj tshuaj rau mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, saib kab lus.

Rau lub hom phiaj dab tsi thiab rau leej twg yog cov tshuaj insulin kho mob?

Qhov tshuaj tua kab mob pancreatic hormone insulin yog tsim hauv cov teebmeem hauv qab no:

  • insulin-tso ua hom mob ntshav qab zib;
  • decompensation lub xeev ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin-ywj pheej ntawm "tus kab mob qab zib";
  • tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho nrog lwm cov tshuaj;
  • qhov kev poob zoo hauv cov neeg mob lub cev tiv thaiv cov ntshav qab zib;
  • lub caij nyoog ntawm kev xeeb tub thiab kev yug menyuam;
  • kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum ntawm cov khoom ntshav qab zib;
  • lactic acidosis;
  • hyperosmolar coma;
  • mob ketoacidosis.

Cov tsos ntawm tus ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab ntawm acetone los ntawm qhov ncauj yog qhov pom ntawm qhov mob hnyav ntawm ntshav qab zib, uas kev tswj hwm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm insulin yog qhov tsim nyog
Tseem Ceeb! Tshuaj yeej tseem siv tau rau hauv kev kho qee yam mob hlwb, xws li mob schizophrenia.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin yog kom rov ua kom zoo li sai tau lub zog ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv tus neeg mob. Ua li no, siv txhua yam tshuaj hormonal.

Hom ntawm cov tshuaj insulin

Txhua qhov kev npaj raws li cov tshuaj tua kab mob pancreatic tau muab faib ua ntau pawg, cov yam ntxwv ntawm uas tau piav qhia ntxiv hauv lub rooj.

Hom tshuajCov npe lag luamPib sivLub sijhawm peakSijhawm ntawm kev ua
Kev npaj UltrashortKev ntsuas xov, Apidra5-10 feeb60-90 feebTxog li 5 teev
Cov cuab yeej luvRosinsulin R, Humulin Tsis Txaus, Gensulin R15-30 feeb90-150 feebTxog li 6 teev
Cov Tshuaj Kho MobRinsulin N, Biosulin N, Protafan NM90-120 feebTom qab 7-9 teevTxog li 15-16 teev
Lub sijhawm siv tshuaj ntauXantus, Levemir90-120 feebTsis muaj zog qhia1-1.5 hnub

Cov Qauv

Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj hormone ntau lawm los ntawm cov txiav ua tiav txhua xuab moos. Los ntawm 30 txog 60 units ntawm cov tshuaj tsim tawm nyob rau hauv ib hnub, uas tau siv los thauj cov piam thaj los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau cov hlwb thiab cov nqaij mos, pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm glycemia li qub. Nws muaj ob hom kev ua cov tshuaj hormones:

  • basal type of synthesis - cov tshuaj yeeb-tshuaj yog tsim tawm los ntawm cov koob tshuaj me me thoob plaws hnub (nce txog 2 chav nyob rau ib teev);
  • ncov hom hluavtaws - kev loj hlob tawm hauv cov khoom noj tseem ceeb tom qab cov zaub mov carbohydrate pib tawg hauv lub cev, nce cov ntshav qab zib (nce txog 2 PIECES rau txhua 12 g ntawm saccharides).

Xaiv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob insulin, tus endocrinologist tau coj mus rau hauv theem ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, muaj cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab, tus tub los ntxhais thiab hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, nws lub cev qhov hnyav. Cov kev cai rau kev kho mob hormonal xav tau kev xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev kho mob hauv txhua qhov teeb meem kuaj mob.

Hom kev muab siab kho

Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm ntau cov tshuaj insulin ntawm ntau cov sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li hauv qab no. Ib hnub ob zaug, insulins "nruab nrab" raug muab rau tus neeg mob, thiab ua ntej txhua pluas noj, ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ultrashort raug txhaj. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los muab kev txhawb nqa rau qib physiological hormonal hauv lub cev.

Tseem Ceeb! Cov txheej txheem yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm insulin-ywj siab thiab insulin-cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav qab zib.

Ib qho mob tseem ceeb rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob siab tshaj plaws yog qhia tus neeg mob kom paub seb yuav siv tshuaj ntau npaum li cas los txhaj thaum lub cev ua si, hloov kev noj zaub mov, thaum tus mob ua pa nyuaj thiab lwm yam mob. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv yog qhov xav tau txhua hnub saib xyuas cov ntshav qab zib thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo siab los txhim kho lub xeev hypoglycemic.


Glucometer - lub khoom siv txawb uas koj tuaj yeem qhia meej cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov hlab ntshav

Tsoos hom

Nws yog tshuaj rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj cov insulin-ywj siab daim ntawv (hom 2) ntawm tus kab mob. Thaum sawv ntxov nyob rau ntawm lub plab khoob lawv tau txhaj cov tshuaj "luv", thiab lawv nyiam noj cov insulin ntev ua ntej yuav pw hmo ntuj. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm ntawm kev siv tshuaj insulin txhais tau hais tias kev noj zaub mov muaj qhov ntau ntawm cov khob cij txhua txhua hnub, yog li cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog tib yam.

Kev suav ntawm qhov koob tshuaj ntawm "tshuaj" luv luv

Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov hauv paus ntawm kev xaiv tshuaj noj tshuaj, koj yuav tsum to taub lub tswv yim ntawm "chav ua mov ci". Siv lub sij hawm ua kom yooj yim rau tus neeg uas tsis muaj kev kawm ntawv kho mob. Ib chav ua mov ci yog suav tias yog sib npaug li 12 g ntawm saccharides.

Txhawm rau kom nruab nrab ntawm lub cev no hauv tib neeg lub cev, yuav tsum muaj qee yam tshuaj insulin. Nws tsis muaj cov naj npawb tas li, hloov txhua hnub:

Cov cai ntawm insulin hauv cov poj niam
  • thaum sawv ntxov 1 XE xav tau 2 PIECES ntawm yam tshuaj hormones;
  • nyob rau yav tav su, 1 XE xav tau 1 U ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hormonally;
  • nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj, 1 XE yuav tsum tau 1.5 U ntawm cov tshuaj insulin.

Txhawm rau kom suav qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj insulin kom raug, kev suav yuav tsum tau ua, tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov cai tseem ceeb:

  • Koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv nyeem hauv calories txhua hnub. Lawv tau xam los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij, suav txog tus pojniam lossis txivneej, tus qauv ntawm lub cev, tus neeg mob qhov hnyav, theem ntawm nws lub cev kev ua si. Feem ntau, rau ib tus neeg muaj qhov hnyav txog 65 kg, cov ntsiab lus calorie tsis tshaj 1800 kcal.
  • Tus nqi ntawm saccharides uas tuaj nrog zaub mov nruab hnub feem ntau yog 55-60%.
  • Ib qho ntawm saccharide tso 4 kcal ntawm lub zog.
  • Thaum xam xyuas qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal, ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov protein thiab lipids tau txais hauv cov khoom noj txhua hnub tsis tau xav txog.
  • Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lawv suav qhov koob tshuaj "luv" thiab tom qab ntawd twb tau siv tshuaj lom ntev ntev lawm.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib kom khaws nws tus kheej qhov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv hauv txhua qhov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm saib xyuas thiab kev noj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau sau tseg

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no qhia txog ntau npaum li cas cov kev ntsuas ntawm kev ntsuas luv luv uas yuav tsum tau nyob ntawm ib phaus ntawm qhov hnyav thaum sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib:

  • lub sij hawm ntawm cov tsos mob hnyav - 0.5;
  • "xav hauv kev muaj tswv yim zoo" - 0.4;
  • kev paub ntawm tus kab mob pathological ntawm 3-10 xyoo - 0.8;
  • decompensation ntawm "kab mob qab zib" - 1-1.5;
  • lub sijhawm ua ntej kev sib deev pib - 0.7;
  • nkauj tiav nkauj - txog 2.

Peb xav txog qhov piv txwv ntawm kev xam hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob. Piv txwv, muaj tus neeg mob hnyav 65 kg, mob rau 3 xyoos. Nws lub cev qoj ib ce yog nyob rau theem ntawm nruab nrab. Cov ntsiab lus calories ntau ntawm cov carbohydrates rau cov tib neeg ntawd yog 1080 kcal (60% ntawm 1800 kcal ntawm txhua yam tshuaj). Yog tias peb xav txiav txim siab tias kev zom cov gram ntawm saccharide tshaj tawm 4 kcal ntawm lub zog, 1080 kcal = 270 g ntawm cov khoom muaj cov roj carbon ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom.

Yav dhau los nws tau hais tias chav ua mov ci yog sib npaug ntawm 12 g ntawm saccharides, uas txhais tau tias 270 g = 22 XE. Cov kws qhia noj haus tau hais ntxiv tias kom noj tshais koj yuav tsum tau them 30% ntawm cov nqi zog (7 XE), thaum tav su - 40% (8 XE), thaum yav tsaus ntuj - 30% (7 XE). Nws hloov tawm tias cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib xav tau cov tshuaj "luv" hauv qab no uas yuav tau muab txhaj rau hauv cov koob txhaj tshuaj:

  • ua ntej noj tshais - 7 lub khob cij x 2 units ntawm insulin = 14 units;
  • ua ntej noj su - 8 lub khob cij x 1 1 Kev daws teeb meem = 8 UNITS;
  • ua ntej noj hmo - 7 lub khob cij x 1.5 PIECES ntawm yam tshuaj hormones = 10 PIECES ntawm cov tshuaj.

Lub khob cij ua kom sib npaug li 50 kcal

Muab Xam Tau Lawm

Yog tias cov tshuaj insulin hauv nruab nrab, nws raug siv ob zaug hauv ib hnub, ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj mus sij hawm ntev tau ua ib zaug ua ntej yuav mus pw. Yuav pib nrog, koj yuav tsum xam dab tsi yog qhov ntau npaum li cas txhua hnub ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv hormonally rau ib tus neeg mob.

Nws lub cev qhov hnyav yog muab sib npaug los ntawm ib qho ntawm qhov ntsuas pom tias ntau npaum li cas ntawm UNIT xav tau ntawm ib phaus ntawm qhov hnyav (tau piav qhia saum toj no, xaiv nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm tus kabmob). 3 tus lej raug rho tawm los ntawm tus naj npawb tau txais (thaum sawv ntxov, tav su, yav tsaus ntuj koob tshuaj tiv thaiv luv luv). Qhov tshwm sim yuav yog tus nqi ntawm ED lub caij nyoog ntev lawm uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus.

Tseem Ceeb! Yog tias siv tshuaj lom ntev ntev, kev siv tag nrho cov tshuaj suav nrog ua ntej ib hmo pw, thiab yog tias cov tshuaj ntawm nruab nrab ntev siv, nws muab faib ua ob koob.

Tus kws tshaj lij muaj txiaj ntsig qhia txog kev teeb tsa kev siv cov tshuaj insulin rau cov neeg mob, xaiv cov txheej txheem yooj yim rau cov tshuaj kom nkag mus rau hauv lub cev (siv tshuaj insulin syringe, cwj mem lossis lub twj tso kua mis), thiab qhia kev tswj cov glycemia hauv tsev.

Cev xeeb tub insulin txoj kev kho

Cov lus qhia ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev kho mob tes taw thiab lwm yam mob ntshav qab zib. Cov tshuaj Insulin pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau niam thiab menyuam, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem thaum cev xeeb tub thiab yug menyuam.

Cov lej nyob hauv qab glycemic rau tus poj niam yuav tsum ua tiav:

  • ua ntej noj tshais - tsis siab dua 5.7 mmol / l;
  • tom qab noj mov - tsis siab tshaj 7.3 mmol / l.

Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib hauv cov ntshav txhua hnub tso cai rau koj kom paub meej lossis tsis lees paub qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob. Tom qab suav qhov tshuaj txhua hnub, 2/3 yog noj ua ntej noj tshais, so - ua ntej noj hmo.

Tseem Ceeb! Yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tau tiv thaiv "xwm txheej thaum sawv ntxov" (qhov nce siab hauv ntshav qab zib thaum sawv ntxov), ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj yav tsaus ntuj tsuas yog ua ntej ntog pw tsaug zog.

Kev siv cov tshuaj hormone los kho kho cov leeg ntshaus siab

Ib qho kev qhia schizophrenia kho yog raws li nram no:

  • ua ntej noj tshais, 4 lub cev ntawm cov tshuaj hormones yog siv (Monday);
  • txhua txhua hnub qhov koob tshuaj tau nce los ntawm 1 lub PIECES (rau hnub Friday cov ntsuas twb tau 8 PIECES);
  • tsis txhob sau ntawv rau hnub txhaj tshuaj rau hnub so.

Nov yog thawj theem ntawm kev kho. Tus neeg mob tau coj mus rau lub xeev ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hauv qhov nws nyob rau ob peb teev, tom qab ntawd qhov ntsuas tau rov qab nrog cov khoom noj carbohydrate thiab haus dej qab zib heev.

Qhov thib ob theem ntawm kev kho yog nrog los ntawm kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones los tswj. Tus neeg mob tau coj mus rau lub xeev ntawm qhov kev txaus ntshai heev, ntawm qhov lawv tau rho tawm tom qab ib hlis plaub ntawm ib teev los ntawm kev tso dej qab zib ntawm cov kua dej nrog insulin.


Thaum lub caij cov mob txaus ntshai heev, tus neeg mob yuav tsaug zog, maj mam teb rau qhov kev hnov ​​mob, lossis, rov qab hloov, tsis yws ntxiv.

Qeb peb yog qhov nyuaj. Cov koob tshuaj tau nce rau qee qhov uas tus neeg mob nco qab yog nyob ntawm tus ciam ntawm kev xav tsis meej thiab tsis nco qab (nyob rau hauv cov neeg ib txwm lawv yuav hais tias "noj ntau dhau" tau tshwm sim). Tom qab ib nrab ib teev, tus neeg mob kuj tseem raug coj tawm ntawm txoj kev mob nrog dej qabzib cov ntshav nrog insulin.

Cov ntu zoo li no yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 20. Ntxiv mus, theem kev siv tshuaj raug txo qis, maj mam thim nws.

Lwm yam mob cuam tshuam los ntawm Insulin Therapy

Cov teeb meem tshwm sim thiab cov kev phiv tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau mob thiab o ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj, qhov tsos ntawm voos. Hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas tau ua dhau los, lipodystrophy tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm sab xub ntiag phab ntsa, ncej puab, thiab pob tw.

Kev siv cov mis tsis raug rau cov kev xam, qhov qhia txog ntawm qhov ntau ntau ntawm cov tshuaj hormones provokes qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov ntshav qog ntshav qab zib (cov ntshav qab zib poob qis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis nco qab). Thawj cov cim:

  • hws
  • pathological kev tshaib kev nqhis;
  • tshee hnyo nqua, cov di ncauj;
  • lub plawv dhia.

Ib qho mob ntawm cov kab mob tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim tawm tsam ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev kho mob insulin nrog kev ua ntawm lub sijhawm muaj kev ntxhov siab, kis kab mob, kis tau tus kab mob mus ntev, kev ua si lub cev ntau dhau.

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