Ib tus neeg qhov hnyav yog nyob ntawm ntau yam, cov ntsiab tseem ceeb yog hnub nyoog, muaj mob muaj kab mob hauv lub cev, kev ua haujlwm zoo, yam khoom noj zoo li cas, thiab lwm yam.
Xyoo, daim duab no yuav tsum nce ntxiv, tab sis tsis ntau.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ceeb toom tias tom qab 45 xyoo, lub cev hnyav yuav tsum nyob ruaj khov, uas yog, yuav tsum tau ceev cia rau hauv ib qho kev pom zoo nrog kev hwm rau cov yam ntxwv hnub nyoog.
Yog li ntawd, qhov txo qis hauv qhov hnyav (ntau dua 5-6 kg hauv ib hlis) uas tsis tas hloov pauv kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kev ua neej nyob yog suav los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tias yog cov kab mob pathological ntawm kev mob nkeeg. Hauv qee leej, ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem yog ib qho ua rau muaj cov kev tsis zoo no.
Nrog ntshav qab zib tau rog lossis poob phaus?
Vim li cas qee tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib poob ceeb thawj, thaum lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nce sai sai thiab muaj kev rog dhau los ntawm kev rog? Nws yog txhua yam hais txog lub pathogenesis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob.
Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg uas muaj thawj hom ntshav qab zib, uas tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin, pib "yaj" tom qab qhov tsos pom ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.
Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hom 1, muaj cov insulin tsis txaus (ib yam tshuaj uas ua rau cov piam thaj) ua rau lub cev tshaib plab nquag, vim tias lawv pib nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev los hloov lawv lub zog ib txwm los tswj hwm lawv txoj haujlwm.
Hauv qhov no, gluconeogenesis yog kev ua haujlwm, uas yog, kev sib txuas ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov nqaij los ntawm cov tsis muaj carbohydrate substrates, uas cov leeg nqaij thiab cov rog ua kom tiav. Lawv cia pib hlawv ua ntej peb lub qhov muag. Tab sis vim tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj insulin, cov piam thaj uas tau txais tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub cev, tab sis tsuas yog nce hauv cov ntshav. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib txuas ntxiv zuj zus, thiab lub cev hnyav poob qis.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog cov nquag ua rog.
Lawv poob ceeb thawj twb tau nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov kev mob hnyav lossis nrog xaiv cov tshuaj uas tsis txaus siv.
Raws li koj paub, nyob rau hauv cov neeg zoo li no tus neeg txiav tawm ua ke insulin feem ntau, tsuas yog lub hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv nws, thiab, yog li ntawd, tsis txhob noj ntshav qabzib. Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv, cov txuam nrog lipid conglomerates thiab cov hnyav nce vim cov lipid tebchaw.
Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov ntshav qab zib ua kom poob phaus
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv cov neeg mob tshwm sim los ntawm ntau cov kab mob pathological, tshwj xeeb, kev txhim kho ntawm kev nqhis dej hnyav, nce ntxiv kom tso zis, qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov mob, qhov pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij qhuav thiab paresthesias, uas yog, tingling lossis hlawv hauv cov nqaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob cuam tshuam qhov hnyav ntawm ib tug neeg pib muaj zog thiab, nws yuav zoo li, causless kom poob phaus.
Qee zaum qhov hnyav no tuaj yeem nce txog 20 kg hauv ib hlis uas tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm kev noj haus. Vim li cas cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib thiaj poob phaus? Kev poob ceeb thawj yog ib qho muaj ntau dua rau cov neeg mob uas mob insulin-yam mob ntshav qab zib.
Hauv cov neeg mob zoo li no, lub caj pas pancreatic tsis kam tsim cov tshuaj hormone insulin kom txaus, uas yog tswj cov metabolism hauv cov piam thaj. Hauv qhov no, tib neeg lub cev pib nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev siv hluav taws xob kom tswj hwm nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, scooping nws los ntawm cov roj ntsha thiab cov leeg nqaij.
Cov txheej txheem zoo li no ua rau txo qis hauv qhov hnyav vim qhov txo qis hauv cov nqaij thiab cov roj ua haujlwm.
Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib ntawm yam thib ob, insulin hauv tib neeg lub cev raug tsim tawm, tab sis tsis pom los ntawm lub siab ua haujlwm, vim li ntawd lub cev muaj qhov tsis txaus siab ntawm cov piam thaj thiab pib kos lub zog los ntawm lwm qhov chaw.
Lub cev yuag nrog rau qhov teeb meem no tsis nrawm xws li mob ntshav qab zib hom 1.
Kev hnyav heev yog qhov uas muaj tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib
Kev poob phaus hnyav nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib yog ib qho cim ntawm kev txhim kho nws cov decompensated, uas yog nrog cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nruab nrog sab hauv, uas ua rau muaj kev qaug zog dav thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv hauv kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm tus neeg mob.
Cov kev hloov pauv hauv tus neeg mob lub cev tau qhia tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tswj cov txheej txheem lawm yam tsis muaj kev pab sab nraud, yog li, nws xav tau kev kho ntxiv.
Lub cev hnyav poob zoo yog los ntawm lub zog ntawm kev tshaib plab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, uas ua rau lub cev hnyav ntawm lub cev khiav tsis zoo. Ntawm xws li cov neeg mob muaj kev tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev muaj ntshav protein ntau, ketoacidosis thiab ntshav khov tsis txaus. Lawv ib txwm xav tias nqhis dej txuam nrog kev nce ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj.
Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev poob phaus sai rau ib tus neeg?
Kev ua kom lub cev poob phaus yog qhov txheej txheem phom sij uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov enzymatic thiab cov metabolism.
Ntawm cov kev phom sij tseem ceeb ntawm kev poob phaus nrawm, cov kws kho mob cais cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- daim siab ua hauj lwm raws li kev tswj tsis tau los ntawm kev tswj cov roj ua kom lub cev rog, uas pib tawg sai sai rau kev hloov ua lub zog hluav taws xob;
- txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zom zaub mov, tshwj xeeb, txiav ua kab mob, zais zis, lub zais zis, lub plab thiab cov hnyuv;
- kev qaug cawv ntawm lub cev cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis ntawm cov ntshav ntawm cov ntshav thiab ua ke nrog cov co toxins hauv nws - cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb ntawm tib neeg lub cev;
- atrophy ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv, uas yog qhov ua qhia txog kab mob ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kev poob phaus thiab rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov peev txheej uas ploj lawm vim myocytes (cov leeg hlwb).
Kuv puas yuav tsum nce phaus yuag yuag?
Ntau tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib, kawm txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm poob phaus sai, tab tom sim tam sim ntawd rov qab mus rau lawv lub qub thiab yav dhau los lub cev nyhav.Tab sis cov kev ua no puas yog los ntawm kev kho mob?
Ib txwm, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tswj hwm lawv qhov hnyav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau cachexia, mob raum thiab kab mob siab, txo qis lub zeem muag thiab qhov tshwm sim sai ntawm cov mob ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nce phaus sai sai, ntxiv dag zog rau koj cov khoom noj nrog carbohydrates. Cov kev ua no tsuas yog yuav nce qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav thiab ua rau mob ntshav qab zib ntau dhau, ua rau muaj kev txhim kho sai sai ntawm nws cov teeb meem.
Cov kws kho ntshav qab zib los kho lub cev hnyav yog dab tsi?
Txog ntshav qab zib, txoj kev noj zaub mov zoo, uas yog los ntawm kev noj zaubmov kom tsawg, yuav pab kom lub cev yuag.
Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tswj nws cov zaub mov noj thiab xyuam xim rau cov glycemic index ntawm cov khoom noj khoom noj, muab kev nyiam rau cov uas nws muaj tsawg xwb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias qis dua GI, cov piam thaj tsawg dua cov zaub mov no yuav muab rau cov ntshav. Ib qho ntxiv, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau mus noj cov zaub mov muaj kuab zaub mov kom ntau thiab noj zaub mov uas ua kom cov tshuaj insulin ntau lawm, suav nrog qij, roj linseed, Brussels sprouts, zib ntab thiab mis nyuj.
Daim ntawv teev cov khoom noj muaj piam thaj rau cov ntshav qab zib suav nrog:
- cov khoom ua noob nplej (tshwj xeeb yog cov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hlaws);
- skim cov khoom noj siv mis;
- legumes, uas yog lentils, taum, taum dub;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub.
Txhawm rau kom zoo dua, koj yuav tsum tau noj ntau thiab tsawg feem me (txog li 6 zaug hauv ib hnub). Khoom noj yuav tsum tau noj cov zaub mov me me hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ib hnub.
Qauv ntawv qhia zaub mov
Cov zaub mov ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsis yog ntau haiv neeg. Tab sis kev noj zaub mov zoo li no yog qhov tsim nyog rau lawv los tswj lub cev hnyav thiab ua kom zoo dua qub, txhim kho lawv cov mob, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob.
Kev noj haus ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tej zaum yuav yog cov hauv qab no:
- thawj zaug noj tshais - txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab khob ntawm tsis muaj rog-kefir;
- tshais thib ob - barley porridge nrog butter thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, ntsuab tshuaj yej thiab ib lub hnab ceg;
- noj su - ntses pob ntseg, millet porridge nrog gravy los ntawm nqaij qaib siab, compote tsis muaj qab zib;
- yav tsaus ntuj tshuaj yej - ib daim ntawm rye qhob cij, tshuaj yej;
- thawj noj hmo - stewed zaub qhwv nrog nceb, kua, ayran;
- thib ob noj hmo - tsev me ntawm cheese casserole, txiv ntoo thiab kefir.
Cov zaub mov txawv
Thaum npaj zaub mov noj rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lawv yuav tsum muaj cov zaub mov uas muaj glycemic tsawg uas yuav tsis nce qhov kev nyeem zoo ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
Piv txwv, nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov cov hmoov nplej nrog nws cov nyom barley, thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nrog pob kws. Yog tias koj xav ntxiv butter rau hauv porridge, ces koj tuaj yeem ua nws, tab sis tsis muaj kev tsim txom, uas yog, tsis pub ntau tshaj 15 g.
Steamed zaub
Ib qho tseem ceeb zaub mov yog stewed zaub (zaub qhwv, txaij thiab zucchini, tswb kua txob, thiab txiv lws suav, dos)Cov. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau txiav mus rau hauv cubes thiab, muab tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub, ncuav zaub kua zaub. Tso tawm cov lus sib xyaw ua ke rau txog ib teev ntawm qhov kub uas tsis tshaj 160 C.
Cov kws kho mob lawv tus kheej feem ntau pom zoo kom tais diav xws li taum kua zaub rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Nws yooj yim rau kev ua noj. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau noj cov tes ntawm taum, tshuaj ntsuab thiab ntau yam qos yaj ywm.
Npaj cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb (dos thiab qos yaj ywm) thiab nchuav nrog ob liv zaub zaub. Tso rau ntawm hluav taws, rhaub li 15 feeb thiab, ntxiv taum, npau rau lwm 10 feeb. Tom qab ntawd muab nchuav kua zaub nrog tshuaj ntsuab thiab cia nws sawv hauv qab daim npog.
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Hais txog cov ntsiab cai ntawm khoom noj khoom haus rau ntshav qab zib hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab:
