Kuv tuaj yeem noj dab tsi nrog hom 1 thiab ntshav qab zib 2

Tam sim no, ntau cov tshuaj tau tsim los rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas pab txo cov ntshav qab zib, tab sis lawv txhua tus muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig. Txhawm rau nres chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem, kev kho tshuaj kho yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv nrog kev noj haus.

Raws li txoj cai, twb tau nyob rau thawj lub sijhawm teem, tus kws kho mob piav qhia koj yuav noj dab tsi nrog ntshav qab zib, dab tsi cov zaub mov thiab ntau npaum li cas koj yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv ntawv qhia zaub mov. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, them sai sai yog them rau qhov sib xyaw carbohydrate ntawm cov khoom. Khoom noj khoom haus carbohydrates yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ncaj qha tsis hais txog hom mob ntshav qab zib. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau txwv nruj rau normalize glycemia thiab txhim kho txoj kev noj qab haus huv zoo.

Noj zaub mov rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib

Tam sim ntawd tom qab kuaj pom ntshav qab zib, tus neeg mob tau xaiv tsis tsuas yog tshuaj noj, tab sis kuj noj zaub mov nrog kev txwv tsis pub muaj carbohydrates, thiab qee zaum muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua zoo. Raws li kev tshawb nrhiav, muaj ntshav qab zib, kev noj zaub mov zoo yog tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev noj tshuaj raws sijhawm. Ib qho kev noj haus twg yog xaiv rau txhua tus neeg mob. Qhov no yuav siv mus rau hauv tus lej qhov hnyav thiab hom mob, hnyav thiab lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib.

Mob ntshav qab zib thiab siab surges yuav yog ib yam dhau los

• Li qub ntawm qab zib -95%
• Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha thrombosis - 70%
• Ntaus tau ntawm lub plawv dhia muaj zog -90%
• Kev tshem tawm ntshav siab - 92%
• Qhov nce hauv lub zog nruab hnub, txhim kho pw tsaug zog thaum hmo ntuj -97%

Dab tsi nrog tus mob 1

Hauv hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib, kev tsim tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej cov insulin yog nres kiag, yog li cov khoom noj carbohydrates nrog cov zaub mov nres kom nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hauv lub cev thiab muab lub zog rau lawv. Ntshav cov ntshav tau sai zuj zus. Txhawm rau cov roj ntsha tsis xwm yeem hauv lub cev, muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1, kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau sau tseg: hloov chaw tsis muaj cov tshuaj insulin, cov neeg mob txhaj tshuaj lawv tus kheej nrog kev ua kom muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg. Ua ntej txhua pluas noj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm carbohydrates hauv nws yog xam thiab raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov txiav txim siab.

Nrog rau hom kabmob 1, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem noj yuav luag txhua yam, kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg yog tsawg:

1. Daim ntawv teev cov khoom lag luam yuav luag zoo tib yam nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo rau lub cev, carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov raug tso cai txog 55%.
2. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyiaj them rau tus kabmob, cov kabmob ntshav qab zib tau qhia kom txwv cov khoom noj sai tshaj plaws - khoom qab zib, qab zib, ncuav qab zib, qos yaj ywm.
3. Carbohydrates nrog cov ntsiab lus fiber ntau (zaub ntsuab, zaub, zaub mov ntsuab) tsis txwv.
4. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau cov sijhawm noj haus. Koj yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau ntawm kev ncua sijhawm, koj tsis tuaj yeem hla ntawm pluas noj tom ntej.

Noj rau hom 2

Nrog rau hom kab mob 2, kev tsim tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej cov insulin tsawg zuj zus ntxiv, yog li cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem khaws lawv cov piam thaj li ib ntus ntev ntev uas tsis tas siv cov tshuaj insulin. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho mob yog qhov ncauj tshuaj hypoglycemic thiab noj zaub mov noj.

Cov zaub mov zoo raws li hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog cov nruj dua:

1. Cov khoom muaj cov zom zom tau yooj yim cov zaub mov ua tiav tau cais tawm ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov.
2. Nws raug nquahu kom noj cov khoom noj cog ntau nrog cov pob kws ntxhib: zaub, cov khoom ua qoob loo tag nrho, zaub ntsuab.
3. Feem ntau cov rog yuav tsum yog ntawm cov zaub keeb kwm, cov rog rog kuj tseem tso cai. Cov tsiaj rog tsis tshua muaj rog tsis pub tsawg 7% ntawm cov calories tag nrho;
4. Nyob rau hauv qhov muaj qhov hnyav dua, tag nrho cov calorie cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov zaub mov raug txwv. Nws tau muab suav rau hauv txoj kev uas qhov tsis suav ib hnub yog 500-1000 kcal. Kev tshaib plab thiab poob ceeb thawj sai yog qhov tsis txaus siab, cov txiv neej yuav tsum tau noj tsawg kawg 1,500 ib hnub, poj niam - tsawg kawg 1,200 kcal. Nrog ntshav qab zib hom 2, ib lub hom phiaj nyob rau thawj xyoo ntawm kev kho mob yog ua kom poob li 7% ntawm qhov hnyav.
5. Cov txiv ntoo tsis muaj txiaj ntsig qab zib tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho qhov saj ntawm cov zaub mov.
6. Cawv yog txwv tsis pub haus lossis tus poj niam txwv tsis pub haus 15 g cawv ib hnub, thiab 30 g rau txiv neej.

Kev Cai Txiav Txim

Hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, endocrinologist pom zoo kom ua raws li cov kev cai noj zaub mov hauv qab no:

Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom ua raws li cov kev txwv nruj rau lub sijhawm ntev, yog li ntawd, nrog cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, nws tau qhia kom siv "txheej txheem txhawb." Piv txwv li, hnub so noj cov khoom uas raug txwv (khoom qab zib, ncuav mog qab zib), qhia tias cov piam thaj hauv lub cev puas zoo txhua lub lis piam.

Lub tswv yim ntawm chav ua mov ci

Ib qho system ntawm cov chav ua mov ci tau tsim los pab txhawb kev sau nyiaj ntawm carbohydrates. 1 XE tus xwm txheej ua kom sib npaug ntawm cov ncuav. Rau cov piam thaj thiab cov khoom qab zib, txhua 10 g ntawm carbohydrates yog muab rau 1 XE. Yog tias cov khoom lag luam muaj cov tshuaj fiber (zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, khob cij, cereals), lub khob cij qhiav yog 12 g ntawm carbohydrates (li ntawm 10 g ntawm carbohydrates ntshiab thiab 2 g ntawm fiber).

Txhawm rau suav cov XE ntau npaum li cas hauv cov khoom, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm pob: faib cov khoom noj hauv carbohydrates hauv 100 g los ntawm 12 (10 rau cov khoom qab zib), thiab tom qab ntawv nce los ntawm qhov hnyav tag nrho. Rau qhov kwv yees xam, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv sau npaj ntawm XE.

Tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 xav paub txog tus nqi XE los txiav txim qhov koob tshuaj insulin. Qhov nruab nrab, 1 XE sib raug rau 1-2 units ntawm insulin. Nrog hom 2 tus kab mob, kev kwv yees kwv yees ntawm XE xav tau los tswj kev noj cov zaub mov carbohydrates. Los ntawm 10 XE (lub cev nyhav, lub zog qes qis, decompensated ntshav qab zib) txog 30 XE (hnyav thiab qabzib li qub, kev tawm dag zog ib txwm) tau tso cai ib hnub.

Glycemic Performance index

Cov zaub mov sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav qabzib. Yog tias cov zaub mov muaj ntau cov suab thaj yooj yim, glycemia mus txog qib siab hauv lub sijhawm luv. Thiab hloov ua lwm yam: yog tias cov carbohydrates hauv cov khoom tsis yooj yim rau kev zom cov polysaccharides, qhov nce ntawm cov piam thaj hauv ntshav yuav maj mam zuj zus, thiab muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, qis dua. Tag nrho cov khoom tau muab glycemic qhia, uas tau muab xam raws qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov carbohydrates lawv muaj. Qhov qis dua GI ntawm cov zaub mov, qhov tsawg dua nws yuav muaj nyob rau ntawm glycemia.

Qib GI:

1. Tsawg - txog li 35 units suav nrog. Cov no suav nrog txhua zaub ntsuab, zaub feem ntau, nqaij, noob txiv, khoom noj siv mis, txiv duaj barley thiab barley muaj kuab, muaj, txiv ntoo. Cov zaub mov los ntawm cov npe no tuaj yeem noj los ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsis muaj kev txwv, nws yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov ntawv qhia zaub mov.
2. Nruab Nrab - 40-50 units. Pawg no suav nrog feem ntau cov cereals, cov kua txiv ntoo, nplej zom, ntawm cov zaub - hau carrots. Tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem noj cov khoom no hauv qhov tsawg; thaum tsis muaj ntshav qab zib txaus, lawv yuav raug tshem tawm ib ntus.
3. Siab - los ntawm 55 chav nyob Qhov no suav nrog qab zib, zib ntab, tag nrho buns, qab zib ncuav qab zib thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam muaj suab thaj, mov, nqaij beets, qos yaj ywm. Cov khoom siv los ntawm cov npe no raug tso cai rau noj rau hauv cov khoom me me thiab tsuas yog tswj tau nrog glycemic.

Kuv tuaj yeem noj cov khoom noj dab tsi uas muaj ntshav qab zib

Kev noj zaub mov noj rau cov ntshav qab zib tau npaj rau kev txwv cov ntshav ntws mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav, txhim kho cov lipid ntawm cov ntshav, thiab txo qhov hnyav. Cia peb xav txog cov khoom lag luam twg yog cov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws hauv peb pab pawg, yuav ua li cas ua zaub mov lawv kom raug thiab nrog dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev sib xyaw.

Nqaij thiab ntses

GI ntawm pawg no yog 0 chav nyob, nws xyaum tsis muaj carbohydrates thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau glycemia. Nqaij ntses thiab nqaij ntses yog ib yam khoom noj tau ib yam li lub luag haujlwm tsis muaj ntshav qab zib. Txhua hom ntses pub, nrog rau cov muaj roj ib nrab. Tsuas yog cov kaus poom zaub mov hauv cov roj yog qhov tsis txaus siab, nrog kev kub siab - salted ntses.

Muaj kev txwv ntau dua rau cov nqaij tsiaj. Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, muaj kev pheej hmoo siab lipid metabolism tsis txaus, yog li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov nqaij yog qhov tsawg kawg ntawm cov rog. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau noj nqaij qaib thiab qaib cov txwv nqaij ntses, nqaij, nqaij qaib nqaij.

Zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Nrog ntshav qab zib, zaub ua lub hauv paus rau lub tsev ua khoom noj. Cov tais diav yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv fiber ntau, yog li nws zoo dua los xaiv cov zaub ntxhib. Txhawm rau khaws cov khoom noj muaj fiber ntau, nws zoo dua rau noj lawv nrog ntshav qab zib tshiab, tsis txhob ua noj thiab tsis tig mus rau hauv cov qos yaj ywm mashed. Tso cai rau cov zaub pob, suav nrog stewed, dib, txhua hom dos, nceb, radishes thiab radishes, zaub kav, kua txob, zucchini, taum ntsuab, txhua yam zaub ntsuab, txaij.

GI ntawm cov zaub uas nrov tshaj plaws:

Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los txog GI txiv hmab txiv ntoo (tsab xov xwm> txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ntshav qab zib):

Hmoov cov khoom

Yuav luag txhua cov hmoov nplej muaj qhov siab GI, uas yog vim li cas lawv raug txwv tsis pub cov ntshav qab zib. Txo qhov me me, nrog hom 2 ntshav qab zib, Borodino thiab cov cij cij, cov hmoov txhuv ua tiav uas tsis muaj suab thaj raug tso cai.

Mis

Cov khoom noj mis nyuj ntuj tsis muaj ntau tshaj 7% carbohydrates, lawv cov GI tsis siab dua 35, yog li lawv muaj tib yam xav tau ntawm cov nqaij: qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tsiaj rog. Nrog rau cov ntshav qab zib, cov khoom noj siv mis tsis txwv tsis pub rau cov rog muaj txog 5%, tab sis sim tsis txhob noj cov roj tsw qab, butter, yogurts thiab curds nrog ntxiv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv kaus poom thiab qab zib.

Cereals thiab Legumes

Vim tias muaj qhov ntau ntawm cov carbohydrates hauv yias (50-70%), lawv cov kev noj haus hauv ntshav qab zib mellitus yuav tsum raug txo. Cov lus pom zoo rau kev ua cov noob qhuav qhuav hauv ib hnub tsis yog ntau tshaj 50 g .Peb cov kua txiv kab ntxwv siav rau hauv dej lossis mis nyuj tsis muaj rog, lawv sim ua kom lawv tawg lossis tsis yog khov. Tib cov zaub mov noj suav nrog cov zaub tshiab, cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau.

GI ntawm lis thiab legumes:

Dej qab zib

Kev nqhis dej heev yog ib qho kev decompensated mob ntshav qab zib. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog txo qis glycemia nrog cov ntsiav tshuaj qab zib; nyob rau hauv rooj plaub loj, siv cov tshuaj insulin. Nrog rau kev decompensation, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub cev qhuav dej yog qhov siab, yog li cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom haus ntau thiab ntau zaus. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua kom mob hnyav ntxiv, dej qab zib yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj suab thaj. Kev haus dej thiab cov ntxhia hauv dej yog qhov zoo tshaj.

Yog tias cov ntshav qab zib tau tswj tau, hauv kev xaiv cov dej haus muaj ntau dua. Koj tuaj yeem kho koj tus kheej mus rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo (kua txiv GI tsis muaj suab thaj - 40-45 units), rosehip infusion, ntau yam teas thiab txawm khaws cov txiv qaub nrog cov kua qab zib tsis muaj suab thaj.

Siv cov khoom qab zib

Kev ua tiav tag nrho ntawm kev yoo mov sai yog qhov nyuaj rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib ua lub siab ntev. Txhawm rau ua kom cov zaub mov noj tau yooj yim, cov khoom qab zib thiab qab zib tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov zaub mov qab. Lawv tau muab faib ua ntuj tsim thiab khoom neeg tsim. Ntawm lub ntuj rau ntshav qab zib, koj tuaj yeem siv xylitol thiab sorbitol (txog 30 g, hauv cov neeg laus - txog 20 g ib hnub), stevia nplooj thiab stevioside, erythritol. Fructose rau tus mob ntshav qab zib yog qhov tsis txaus siab vim tias nws ua rau kev rog thiab, nrog kev siv tsis tu ncua, cuam tshuam cov ntshav qabzib. Ntawm cov khoom cua qab zib hauv ntshav qab zib, aspartame yog siv dav (txog 40 mg rau ib kg ntawm lub cev hnyav).

Kev Tsim Kho Tsis Tau

Cov khoom muaj ntau ntau cov carbohydrates yooj yim, cov roj nyeem ntxiv thiab roj cholesterol yog cov tsis sib xws rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib:

1. Qab zib (ob xim av thiab ua kom zoo zoo), zib ntab, kua txiv ntoo.
2. Txhua yam khoom qab zib ntawm kev lag luam: khoom qab zib, chocolate, ice cream, ci. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov tsev me rau cheese thiab qe ua mov ci. Cov noob txiv los yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej tau siv, qab zib hloov nrog cov khoom qab zib.
3. Cov khoom noj kib hauv cov roj thiab cov rog.
4. Qos yaj ywm ua ib sab zaub mov, tsis hais txog tus qauv ntawm nws cov kev npaj. Nrog them cov ntshav qab zib, qee cov qos yaj ywm tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau zaub kua zaub thiab nqaij ci.
5. Tus txhuv dawb yog raug txim tag nrho. Cov txhuv liab tsuas yog siv los ua zaub noj thiab nqaij haus.
6. Cov hnyuv ntxwm thiab cov nqaij ua tiav ib nrab muaj cov zais roj ntau ntau, yog li nrog cov roj cholesterol siab lawv nyob hauv daim ntawv txwv zaub mov.
7. Mayonnaise, margarine, lard, lard kuj yog qhov chaw ntawm cov rog. Cov roj qab zib muag thiab dej qab zib nrog cov roj (muaj ntshav qab zib hauv lub cev) tuaj yeem noj thaum pib mob ntshav qab zib, yog tias cov ntshav qabzib nyob hauv lub cev.
8. Qaub-mis cov khoom uas muaj ntxiv qab zib, cov tsw.
9. Cov khoom noj muaj mis: cheese nrog cov ntsiab lus rog ntau dua 30%, tsev cheese ntau dua 5%, qaub cream, butter.