Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib yam muaj kuab lom hauv lub cev. Los ntawm cov xwm, cov organic sib xyaw ua ke yog cov cawv ua cawv. Hauv tib neeg lub cev, 70% ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) yog tsim los (ua rau lub siab ua kom lub siab), thiab 30% los ntawm cov khoom noj muaj roj - nqaij rog, nqaij nyug thiab nqaij npuas rog, rog, thiab lwm yam.
Cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo sib txuas. Hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, cov tshuaj ntawd koom nrog txoj hauv kev tsim cov khoom xyaw protein, pab tiv thaiv cell daim nyias nyias ntawm cov yam tsis zoo.
Cov roj (cholesterol) phem ua rau cov roj ntau ntau hauv lub cev thiab txiav txim siab sab hauv cov phab ntsa hauv cov hlab ntshav, vim cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog tsim los uas ua rau cov lumens nqaim thiab ua rau cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob plawv, ib qho kev sib luag yuav tsum tswj hwm qhov nruab nrab ntawm lipoproteins ntau thiab tsawg. Hauv theem siab ntawm LDL, kev txhim kho kev noj haus yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, uas txhais tau tias kev cais tawm ntawm cov zaub mov uas ua rau cov ntshav muaj roj cholesterol.
Cov khoom lag luam uas ua rau cov ntshav khov
Cov roj (cholesterol) zoo tshaj hauv cov neeg mob uas tau mob atherosclerosis thiab ntshav qab zib tsawg dua 5.0 units. Daim duab no yuav tsum raug nrhiav los ntawm txhua tus neeg mob uas xav kom tiv thaiv qhov tsim los ntawm cov plahaum rog plaques.
Yog tias tus mob ntshav qab zib tau kuaj pom muaj tus mob atherosclerosis, thaum lub siab ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov ntshav ntau dua 5.0 units, tom qab ntawd cov zaub mov noj zaub mov kom zoo thiab noj tshuaj kom pom zoo tam sim ntawd. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kom tiv thaiv nrog ib qho khoom noj tsis ua haujlwm.
Txhua tus neeg lub cev noj zaub mov txhua hnub ib txwm muaj cov khoom noj txhawb cov roj (cholesterol). Cov rog rog, nqaij qaib dub, thiab khoom noj siv mis muaj qhov feem pua ntawm cov rog yog feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm LDL. Cov zaub mov no yog cov khoom noj uas muaj cov tsiaj rog.
Cov rog ntawm cov nroj tsuag ib txwm tsis muaj cwj pwm los ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm kev nce cov roj (cholesterol) ntxiv hauv lub cev, vim lawv muaj cov qauv sib txawv hauv cov tshuaj. Lawv tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv analogues ntawm cov tsiaj rog, tshwj xeeb, sitosterols thiab polyunsaturated lipid acids; cov feem no ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov rog metabolism hauv lub cev, muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev raws li tag nrho.
Sitosterol tuaj yeem khi rau cov roj (cholesterol) cov roj nyob hauv lub plab zom mov, ua rau muaj kev tsim cov kab mob tsis txaus uas ua rau ntshav tsis zoo. Vim qhov no, lipids ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb tuaj yeem txo qhov nyiaj ntawm lipoproteins tsawg kawg, ua rau nce HDL.
Nco ntsoov tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho atherosclerotic hloov yog vim tsis yog muaj cov roj cholesterol hauv ntau cov khoom lag luam, tab sis kuj tseem rau lwm yam ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, hom lipid acid ntau nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov tshwj xeeb - teeb meem txaus lossis tsis txaus. Piv txwv li, nqaij nyav rog, ntxiv rau qhov kev suav zoo ntawm cov roj (cholesterol), muaj cov roj ntau ntau.
Qhov tseeb, cov khoom no yog "muaj teeb meem", vim tias nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua rau txoj kev txhim kho atherosclerosis thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam. Raws li kev txheeb cais niaj hnub no, nyob hauv cov teb chaws uas cov nqaij nyug noj zaub mov noj kom tsawg, atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntshav nyob hauv txoj haujlwm ua ntej ntawm cov kabmob uas nyiam tshaj.
Txhua yam khoom uas muaj cov cholesterol nws tuaj yeem faib ua peb pawg:
- "Liab" qeb. Nws suav nrog cov zaub mov, uas nce ntxiv qib ntawm cov teeb meem sib txuam hauv cov ntshav. Cov khoom siv los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe tsis suav nrog cov ntawv qhia zaub mov kom tag lossis tsis tshua muaj nqi;
- Cov qeb "daj" yog cov zaub mov, uas nyhav rau LDL ntau dua, tab sis rau qhov tsawg dua, vim nws suav nrog cov feem uas ua rau cov lipid metabolism hauv lub cev ua haujlwm li qub;
- Cov qeb "ntsuab" yog cov khoom noj uas muaj cov cholesterol ntau. Tab sis, lawv muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm cov rog metabolism, yog li ntawd, raug tso cai rau siv txhua hnub.
Cov roj (cholesterol) hauv cov zaub mov tuaj yeem nce LDL hauv lub cev, ua rau mob atherosclerosis. Cov kab mob pom tseeb nce ntxiv - qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib mellitus, mob ntshav hlab ntsha tawg, ua rau cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo, thiab lwm yam.
Hiav txwv ntses - salmon, herring, mackerel, muaj ntau ntawm cov cholesterol, tab sis abounds hauv polyunsaturated fatty acid. Ua tsaug rau cov tshuaj no, lipid metabolism hauv lub cev yog li qub.
Daim Ntawv Qhia Khoom Liab
Cov khoom lag luam uas nyob rau "daim ntawv teev npe" tuaj yeem nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj phem hauv lub cev, txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm cov kev hloov pauv atherosclerotic uas twb muaj lawm hauv cov hlab ntshav. Yog li, lawv tau qhia kom zam txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob plawv, mob cerebrovascular.
Cov nqaij qaib ua cov roj muaj ntau kawg. 100 g ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj ntau tshaj 1200 mg ntawm ib qho tshuaj phem. Ib yolk - 200 mg. Tab sis lub qe yog qhov tsis meej xwm, vim hais tias nws tseem muaj cov lecithin, uas yog cov khoom siv uas yog tsom txo LDL.
Kev qhia tus nploos tsis pom zoo. Qhov chaw txawv teb chaws qhia tau tias ntau txog 200 mg ntawm LDL yog muaj nyob hauv 100 g ntawm cov khoom. Nyeg, domestic muab lwm cov ntaub ntawv - txog 65 mg.
Cov roj (cholesterol) feem ntau nyob hauv cov zaub mov hauv qab no:
- Nqaij nyuj / ua nqaij npuas (1000-2000 mg rau 100 g).
- Mob raum (kwv yees li 500 mg).
- Nqaij ntses nyuj (400 mg).
- Siav sausages (170 mg).
- Tsaus cov nqaij qaib cov nqaij (100 mg).
- Muaj cov rog ua rog (txog 2500 mg).
- Cov khoom noj siv mis 6% rog (23 mg).
- Cov Hmoov Noj Hmoov (2000 mg).
Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov npe ntawm cov zaub mov raug txwv nrog cov qab zib hnyav, butter hloov pauv, margarine, khoom noj tam sim, caviar, pate daim siab. Rau cov ntaub ntawv, txoj kev ua noj ua haus kuj tseem ceeb. Cov khoom noj uas kib muaj ntau hauv calories, yog li lawv tuaj yeem tsim txom cov LDL ntau. Thiab cov ntshav qab zib tau tag nrho contraindicated.
Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm pab pawg "liab" tsis tuaj yeem suav nrog cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo mob atherosclerosis. Cov kev ua txhaum uas ua rau muaj feem ntau ntawm pathology xws li:
- Kev ntsuas caj ces;
- Kev pham lossis rog dhau;
- Kev Hypodynamia;
- Kev ntshaib plab hauv lub cev;
- Tsis hnov qab cov piam thaj zom (ntshav qab zib);
- Tawg siab
- Haus luam yeeb, quav dej caw;
- Lub hnub nyoog laus, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv muaj ib lossis khub ntawm cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis kam noj cov zaub mov ntawm daim ntawv teev npe "liab". Txawm hais tias LDL nce me ntsis hauv cov neeg zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau mob atherosclerosis.
LDL-txhawb cov khoom noj
Daim ntawv daj muaj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov lipoproteins uas tsis muaj nqi. Tab sis lawv qhov peculiarity yog tias lawv nce qib ntawm LDL tsawg heev. Qhov tseeb yog tias ntxiv rau cov roj-zoo li tivthaiv, lawv tseem muaj cov roj ntsha uas tsis muaj roj lossis lwm yam khoom xyaw uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev.
Piv txwv, cov nqaij ntshiv, kev ua si, nqaij qaib ntxhw lossis nqaij qaib nqaij ntses yog qhov ua kom muaj protein ntau sai uas ua rau cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg dua, ua rau cov LDL tsawg dua.
Cov khoom los ntawm daim ntawv daj tau muaj protein ntau. Raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Asmeskas Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tawm Tsam Atherosclerotic, cov protein tsawg me me tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev ntau dua li nce cov roj (cholesterol) phem. Protein deficiency pab txo qis cov protein nyob hauv cov ntshav, vim tias cov protein yog cov khoom tsim lub tsev tseem ceeb rau cov nqaij mos thiab cov hlwb, vim li no, qhov no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Amid muaj protein ntau, cov teeb meem mob siab. Nws pib tsim cov kua roj lipoproteins feem ntau. Lawv tau nyeem nrog lipids, tab sis tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov protein, yog li lawv tshwm sim yog qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai ntawm cov cholesterol. Nyeg, vim tsis muaj protein ntau, HDL ntau lawm txo qis, uas provokes teeb meem lipid metabolism tsis txaus ntseeg thiab yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo rau atherosclerosis. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, muaj feem ntau ntawm kev tsim kab mob qog, biliary pancreatitis, rog hepatosis yog nce.
Thaum kho ntshav siab LDL, nws raug nquahu kom noj cov zaub mov ntawm "daj" sau. Cov zaub mov muaj:
- Nqaij mos lwj nqaij.
- Luav nqaij.
- Konin.
- Qaib Sib Ncaws.
- Qaib keej.
- Cream 10-20% rog.
- Tshis mis nyuj.
- Cawv 20% rog.
- Nqaij qaib / quail qe.
Tau kawg, lawv suav nrog kev noj zaub mov hauv cov khoom tsawg. Tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm ntshav qab zib; yog tus neeg mob rog. Kev tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv los ntawm "daj" yuav muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub cev thiab ua rau tsis muaj protein ntau.
Cov Khoom Muag Khoom Ntsuab
Cov npe ntsuab muaj xws li mackerel, yaj, stellate sturgeon, carp, eel, sardines hauv roj, herring, trout, pike, crayfish. Raws li kev tsim hom cheese, tsis tshua muaj rog tsev cheese, tsis tshua muaj rog kefir.
Muaj ntau cov roj cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntses. Nws tsis tuaj yeem suav qhov tseeb, vim nws txhua tus nyob ntawm hom khoom. "Ntses cholesterol" muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub cev vim nws muaj tshuaj lom neeg muaj txiaj ntsig.
Ntses tsis nce qib LDL, thaum ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlab ntsha, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Nws kuj txo qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov atherosclerotic plaques, ua rau lawv cov kev sib cais zuj zus mus.
Cov suav nrog cov nqaij siav / ci hauv cov zaub mov txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm pathologies ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha, cov kab mob rau lub hlwb 10%, nrog rau mob stroke / lub plawv nres - cov teeb meem txaus ntshai ntawm atherosclerosis.
Lwm yam zaub mov uas ua rau cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav muaj roj
Atherosclerotic plaque yog cov roj khov ua kom sib haum ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub nkoj. Nws nqaim lub lumen ntawm qhov ntawd, uas ua rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ncig - qhov no cuam tshuam rau kev nyob zoo thiab muaj mob. Yog tias lub nkoj daig tag nrho, tus neeg mob hnyav muaj peev xwm tuag tau.
Ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem cuam tshuam yog txuam nrog tib neeg kev noj haus thiab kab mob. Txheeb cais sau tseg: yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau raug mob ntshav siab hauv cov ntshav, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob tseem ceeb.
Cov cai ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) rau cov neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv, uas nws tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov zaub mov, nws txawv ntawm 300 txog 400 mg rau ib hnub. Rau cov mob ntshav qab zib, txawm tias muaj LDL ib txwm, qhov kev coj yog tsawg dua - txog 200 mg.
Caw cov khoom uas tsis muaj cov roj hauv lub cev, tab sis ua rau muaj kev nce siab hauv cov lipoproteins tsawg:
- Cov dej qab zib qab zib yog ib yam khoom uas muaj ntau ntawm kev zom cov zaub mov carbohydrates thiab qab zib, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov khoom noj ntawm lub cev thiab cov metabolism. Hauv cov ntawv qhia txog ntshav qab zib yog txwv tsis pub;
- Cov khoom siv tsis sib xws - khoom qab zib, khoom qab zib, khoom qab zib, bun, ncuav qab zib, thiab lwm yam Cov khoom qab zib no feem ntau muaj cov khoom xyaw uas ua rau cov roj (cholesterol) nce ntxiv - margarine, butter, cream. Kev noj haus ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo li no yog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rog rog, cuam tshuam ntawm metabolic, ntshav qab zib cov ntshav npleem nyob hauv ntshav qab zib. Nyeg, cov xwm txheej no ua rau kev tsim cov atherosclerotic plaques;
- Kev haus dej cawv yog cov cim ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv calorie ntau, "khoob" lub zog, ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj. Rau txhua hom ntshav qab zib, tsis pub ntau tshaj 50 g ntawm dej caw liab yog tso cai;
- Txawm hais tias kas fes tsis yog cov khoom ntawm tsiaj xwm, tab sis cov roj (cholesterol) nce ntxiv. Nws muaj cafestol, ib qho khoom siv uas ua haujlwm hauv txoj hnyuv. Nws txhim kho kev nqus ntawm LDL rau hauv cov ntshav. Thiab yog tias koj ntxiv mis rau hauv dej haus, ces HDL pib poob qis.
Hauv kev xaus: cov zaub mov ntawm cov ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm atherosclerosis yuav tsum muaj ntau yam thiab ua kom sib npaug. Nco ntsoov noj ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, soj ntsuam kev haus cawv. Tsis tas yuav tso cov nqaij tawm - protein yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cev. Yog tias koj tsis kam noj zaub mov noj los ntawm cov npe "liab", tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem txhim kho lipid metabolism thiab txo LDL.
Cov zaub mov twg uas muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.
