Hyperglycemia hauv ntshav qab zib

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Hyperglycemia yog ib qho mob uas cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav nce siab dua cov kev sim kho lub cev. Nws tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov ntshav qab zib, txawm hais tias feem ntau nws yog qhov mob uas ua rau txoj kev kho no. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho thiab cuam tshuam, qhov mob hnyav no yuav cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv, thiab qee zaum lub neej ntawm tib neeg. Hyperglycemia nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib txoj kev phom sij uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej thiab cia li muaj qhov cia siab, cia siab tias cov piam thaj nws tus kheej yuav rov qab zoo li qub nrog sijhawm.

Hom ntawm pathology

Raws li lub sijhawm tshwm sim, 2 hom kab mob pathological nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav qabzib hauv lub ntsej muag yog qhov txawv:

  • ib qho kev nce ntxiv hauv kev yoo mov qab zib, tau muab cov pluas mov kawg tsawg kawg 8 teev dhau los (yoo mov lossis "posthyperglycemia");
  • pathological nce nyob rau hauv cov piam thaj tam sim ntawd tom qab noj mov (postprandial hyperglycemia).

Rau cov neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, qhov ntsuas pom tias hyperglycemia yuav txawv. Yog li, rau cov neeg mob tsis kuaj ntshav qab zib, yoo cov piam thaj ntau tshaj 6.7 mmol / L raug suav tias yog kev phom sij thiab txawv txav. Rau cov mob ntshav qab zib, daim duab no nce siab me ntsis - lawv xav txog hyperglycemia kev nce ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj ntawm lub plab khoob dua siab dua 7.28 mmol / l. Tom qab noj mov tas, cov piam thaj hauv ntshav ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 7.84 mmol / L. Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, qhov ntsuas no yuav txawv. Hauv qhov no, cov piam thaj qib 10 mmol / L lossis siab dua tom qab noj mov yog conventionally pom tias pathological.

Raws li qhov mob hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob, hyperglycemia tuaj yeem ua mob me, mob nruab nrab thiab mob hnyav. Daim ntawv hnyav tshaj plaws yog hyperglycemic coma (qee zaum kuj tseem hypoglycemic), uas, tsis muaj kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob sijhawm, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij hnyav thiab tuag. Yog tias koj pib kho nyob rau theem me lossis mob pes tsawg, tom qab ntawd txhua txhua lub caij nyoog uas hyperglycemia yuav tsis yog mob hnyav.

Vim li cas cov ntshav qab zib thiaj li ntxiv qab zib?

Muaj ntau ntawm cov laj thawj rau vim li cas tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau lawv cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntau. Cov feem ntau tsis xws li:

  • kev xaiv tsis raug ntawm koob tshuaj insulin;
  • hla kev txhaj tshuaj lossis noj cov ntsiav tshuaj (nyob ntawm seb cov ntshav qab zib thiab hom tshuaj siv)
  • tag nrho cov kev ua txhaum ntawm kev noj haus;
  • kev xav pauv hloov, kev ntxhov siab;
  • noj qee cov tshuaj hormones los kho tus kab mob endocrine ntawm lwm yam kabmob;
  • kis kab mob;
  • exacerbations ntawm concomitant mob pathologies ntev.

Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, saib xyuas ntshav qabzib thiab ntsuas ntshav siab yog qhov tiv thaiv tau ntau yam mob ntshav qab zib, suav nrog hyperglycemia

Ntshav qab zib cov ntshav nce siab dua ib txwm yog tias tsis muaj cov insulin txaus los ua nws. Muaj qee qhov mob ntawm hyperglycemia nyob rau hauv uas cov insulin zais cia txaus, tab sis cov ntaub so ntswg lub hlwb tsis txaus teb rau nws, poob lawv qhov rhiab thiab xav tau ntau thiab ntau dua ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam. Tag nrho cov no ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kev cai ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.

Cov tsos mob

Cov tsos mob ntawm hyperglycemia yog nyob ntawm seb qib ntawm pathology. Ua rau cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntau, cov neeg mob hnov ​​ntau dua. Thaum pib, nws yuav tsum xeeb txob los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb, tsis muaj zog thiab tsis xav ua kom tsaug zog tas li;
  • nqhis dej heev;
  • khaus heev ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
  • mob taub hau
  • lub plab zom mov (ob leeg cem quav thiab raws plab tuaj yeem tsim);
  • qhuav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov qog ua kua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, uas tsuas yog ua rau nqhis dej nqhis dej;
  • qhov muag plooj ua ntej, qhov pom ntawm pob thiab "yoov" pem hauv ntej lub qhov muag;
  • pheej tsis nco qab.

Qee zaum tus neeg mob tau nqhis dej heev nws tuaj yeem haus li 6 litres ib hnub

Ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia txog kev nce siab ntxiv cov ntshav yuav yog cov tsos ntawm acetone hauv cov zis. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb hais tias cov cell tsis tau txais lub zog, txij li lawv tsis muaj peev xwm zom cov roj ntsha kom raug. Txhawm rau kom them nyiaj rau qhov no, lawv tsoo cov rog rog los ua cov roj ntsha. Ib zaug hauv cov hlab ntshav, cov tshuaj no ua rau muaj acidity ntau dua thiab lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Sab nraud, qhov no tuaj yeem ntxiv ua rau pom qhov pom ntawm tus ntxhiab tsw muaj zog ntawm acetone los ntawm tus neeg mob. Kuaj qhov txhab rau ketone lub cev hauv cov zis hauv qhov no feem ntau qhia tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Raws li qab zib zuj zus, qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology paug. Feem ntau ntawm cov mob hnyav, ntshav qab zib hyperglycemic hnov ​​qab.

Hyperglycemic coma

Coma tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce hauv qab zib yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau tib neeg lub neej. Nws tshwm sim vim yog tseem ceeb hyperglycemia thiab qhia los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • tsis nco qab;
  • cov pa suab tsis zoo thiab ua pa heev;
  • hais tsis hnov ​​tsw ntawm acetone hauv chav uas tus neeg mob nyob;
  • txo qis ntshav siab;
  • qhov muag ntawm cov ntaub so qhov muag (thaum nias ntawm lawv, ib lub hniav cuav tau nyob ib ntus);
  • thawj liab, thiab tom qab ntawd lub ntsej muag blanching ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
  • cramps.

Ib tug neeg mob ntawm tus mob no yuav tsis hnov ​​mob ntawm cov mem tes ntawm nws txhais tes vim qhov ua kom cov ntshav khiav tsis dim. Nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov nkoj loj ntawm tus ncej puab lossis caj dab.


Coma yog qhov taw qhia ncaj qha rau kev pw hauv tsev kho mob loj, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem cia siab hu rau kws kho mob

Teeb meem

Hyperglycemia yog txaus ntshai tsis tsuas yog ua tsis txaus siab cov tsos mob, tab sis kuj muaj cov teeb meem loj. Ntawm lawv, cov xwm txheej phom sij tshaj plaws tuaj yeem raug cais:

  • kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv hlab plawv (mob plawv, mob ntsws ntsig);
  • cerebrovascular kev sib tsoo;
  • kev los ntshav loj hauv lub cev;
  • mob raum tsis ua haujlwm;
  • cov qhov txhab mob ntawm txoj hlab ntshav;
  • pom kev tsis hnov ​​lus thiab kev nruam ntej ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no ntawm thawj cov cim ceeb toom, koj yuav tsum ntsuas ntsuas qab zib nrog glucometer thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, nrhiav kev pab kho mob.

Kev Kho Mob

Dab tsi yog qhov nthuav tawm ntawm lub xeev hyperglycemic

Yog tias hyperglycemia tshwm sim hauv tus neeg mob uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab qhov cim ntawm lub ntsuas siab tshaj 14 mmol / l, tus neeg mob yuav tsum hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tam sim ntawd. Raws li txoj cai, tus koom nrog endocrinologist ntawm kev sab laj npaj siab ceeb toom cov ntshav qab zib txog qhov ua tau ntawm qhov xwm txheej zoo li no thiab qhia nws txog thawj kauj ruam. Qee zaum tus kws kho mob pom zoo rau cov xwm txheej no kom txhaj tshuaj insulin hauv tsev ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm pab pawg kho mob, tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rau koj tus kheej. Yog tias tus kws tshuaj saib xyuas endocrinologist tsis tau qhia dab tsi thiab tsis tau hais qhia rau cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem sab laj tus thawj saib xyuas tsheb thauj neeg thaum hu. Ua ntej tus kws kho mob tuaj txog, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem muab kev pabcuam tau ua ntej txawm tias tsis muaj tshuaj los kho.

Ua li no, koj xav tau:

  • xyuas kom meej tias cov ntshav qab zib nyob qis qis ntawm qhov chaw zoo, txias, tsis muaj lub teeb ci ntsa iab thiab nrog kev nkag mus tas li ntawm cua;
  • haus nws nrog dej kom ntau txhawm rau tswj kom cov dej-ntsev sib npaug thiab txo cov ntshav qab zib los ntawm kev zom nws (hauv qhov no, qhov no yog tsev piv txwv ntawm kev poob dej);
  • Siv daim phuam qhuav nrog cov phuam so qhuav.

Yog hais tias tus neeg mob poob lawm, nws tsis tuaj yeem hliv dej rau hauv nws. Vim qhov no, nws yuav txhawm chim lossis txham

Ua ntej tus kws kho mob tuaj txog, koj yuav tsum npaj cov khoom tseem ceeb rau tsev kho mob, ntawv kho mob thiab ntawv hla tebchaws. Qhov no yuav pab txuag lub sijhawm thiab kev siv nyiaj kom sai mus rau lub tsev kho mob. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov yog tias muaj cov tsos mob qhia tias nws tsis xeev siab. Ob qho hypo- thiab hyperglycemic coma yog qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai heev. Lawv qhia tias tsuas yog kho mob pw xwb. Kev sim pab tus neeg nyob rau hauv ib yam kev mob uas tsis muaj kws kho mob yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, vim hais tias qhov suav tsis yog rau teev, tab sis rau feeb.

Kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob koom nrog kev kho mob nrog tshuaj kom txo qis qab zib thiab txhawb kev kho mob ntawm cov plab hnyuv siab raum. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg mob tau txais kev pab cuam ntawm tsos mob, nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob nrog. Tom qab ua kom lub xeev thiab cov kev ntsuas ntawm qab zib, tus neeg mob tau tawm hauv tsev.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Tiv thaiv hyperglycemia yog qhov yooj yim dua li kev ua kom tshem tawm ntawm nws. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tswj lub cev thiab qhov siab tus. Koj tsis tuaj yeem cia li hloov kho cov koob tshuaj insulin lossis cov ntshav qab zib kom qis dua - koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev coj ua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nrog glucometer thiab sau tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv.

Kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab noj zaub mov kom zoo yog tus yuam sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov ntshav cov ntshav nyob hauv lub cev. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj mob yuav tsum tau koj sim txo cov suab thaj tsuas yog nrog cov kev kho mob pej xeem, tsis kam siv tshuaj. Kev saib xyuas tus cwj pwm zoo rau koj lub cev muaj ntshav qab zib yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau saib yog tias nws xav tau zoo thiab nyob tas lub neej.

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