Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib qho mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav piam thaj. Qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws ua rau kom muaj kev txuam nrog cov roj (cholesterol) nyob rau ntawm cov ntshav ntsa, txo lawv cov patency.
Atherosclerotic vascular disease yog qhov laj thawj rau kev txhim kho cov hlab plawv thiab cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog nws: arrhythmia, angina pectoris thiab myocardial infarction (MI).
Hauv qhov no, qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntshav pauv, nws ntom ntom thiab viscosity nce. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm tus kab mob no, myocardial infarction tau nce nrog qhov teeb meem ntau dua.
Thrombosis tiv thaiv cov ntshav ntws tsis xwm yeem, cov ntshav nkag mus rau lub siab yog cuam tshuam. Tag nrho cov no yog fraught nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub xaib ntawm nws necrosis. Qhov no nws yog lub plawv nres.
Ua rau ntawm pathology
Cov kab mob ntsig txog mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog hu ua "mob ntshav qab zib" los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Cov khoom nruab nrog hauv lub cev nce ntxiv, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nce qib hauv lub plawv.
Tus mob ntshav qab zib yog cov yam ntxwv ntshav siab lossis ntshav siab. Qhov no yog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntxiv ntawm aortic aneurysm.
Rau cov neeg mob uas twb tau mob plawv, qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav rov qab mob dua yog muaj ntau heev. Vim tias kev ua txhaum ntawm myocardial contraction, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xeeb ceem ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm.
Vim yog qhov tseeb tias nrog cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv, qhov feem pua ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv cov metabolism hauv lub cev txo qis, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hla lub cev foos hauv lub cev me me yuav nce plaub npaug.
Yam pheej hmoo
Ntxiv nrog rau ntshav qab zib, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm thawj thiab rov ua myocardial infarction tsub kom cov ntsiab lus no:
- noob neej (muaj cov IHD hauv cov txheeb ze: hauv cov poj niam hnub nyoog qis dua 55 xyoos thiab hauv cov txiv neej tsis tau nto 65 xyoos);
- haus luam yeebCov. Nws pab txhawb kom hnav nrawm dua ntawm cov hlab ntsa;
- nce lossis, hloov pauv, cov ntshav siab qisCov. Prancing qis rau qhov siab yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog;
- qes HDL (cov roj ("zoo")) ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub plawv thiab ntshav ntawm lub xeev;
- rog dhauCov. Ntsuas lub duav ncig ntawm qhov dav nrog ib tus kws txiav ris tsho zoo li tus kheej. Yog tias qhov ntsuas ntsuas tau tshaj 1000 hli rau cov txiv neej thiab 900 hli rau cov poj niam, qhov no qhia qhov pib ntawm kev rog. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm vascular kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab cov plahaum roj av yog ntau nce /
Cov tsos mob
Daim duab ntawm chav kawm ntawm myocardial infarction, uas ua ke nrog ntshav qab zib, nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Raws li twb tau hais lawm, MI hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yog qhov nyuaj, nyuaj los ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hlab plawv, mus txog thaum ua tiav lub plawv dhia Kev sib xyaw ntawm kev kub siab nrog myocardial dystrophy ua rau lub pob taws ntawm lub plawv, fraught nrog kev sib tawg ntawm lub siab nqaij.
Txog rau cov kab mob myocardial infarction, cov ntawv hauv qab no yog cov yam ntxwv:
- mob, nrog lub caij nyoog mob ntawm tus mob qab sternum;
- plab, nrog cov tsos mob ntawm "mob plab";
- muab zais ("ruam", tsis mob);
- arrhythmic, nrog ua qauv ntawm arrhythmia thiab tachycardia;
- cerebral, nrog los ntawm paresis, tuag tes tuag taw, tsis nco qab lawm.
Lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm mob yog 1-1.5 lub lis piam. Muaj qhov ua poob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, qhov kub nce ntxiv.
Hauv lub sijhawm mob, cov mob txaus ntshai tuaj yeem tshwm sim:
- pulmonary edema;
- kev ncua ntawm hepatic pom;
- cardiogenic poob siab.
Mob plawv nres
CHF yog qhov kev pheej hmoo dhau ntawm myocardial infarction. Nws yog nrog los ntawm xws ces:
- nkees nrawm;
- pheej mob hauv lub siab;
- o ntawm ceg;
- teeb meem ua pa
- hemoptysis, hnoos;
- mem tes sib txuam cuam tshuam;
- mob hauv txoj cai hypochondrium.
Feem ntau, ib tug neeg tsis txawm xav tias qhov teeb meem loj uas tau tshwm sim hauv lub cev, thiab tseem muaj sia nyob zoo li yog tias tsis muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm qhov thiaj li hu ua "ntsiag to" plawv nres.
Coob tus neeg mob plawv ntseeg yuam kev tias lawv "muaj kev ntshai heev" thiab lawv rov zoo sai sai. Tab sis sai li sai cov ntshav qab zib "dhia", lub plawv mob pib cia "diverge ntawm nqaws".
Kev kuaj mob
Nws muaj 3 yam tseem ceeb uas tus kab mob lees paub:
- kev tshwm sim ntawm tus neeg mob, nws cov lus yws;
- cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav;
- cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm ECG cov txiaj ntsig.
Hauv thaj tsam kwv yees li 25% ntawm cov xwm txheej, tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm ECG. Tab sis tus kab mob los ntawm qhov no tsis dhau zuj zus.
Yog li no, ob lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv kev kuaj mob. Yog tias lub plawv tsis zoo, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Yog tias nws tawm tsam nyob hauv tsev, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nws txoj kev tuag nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm tus kab mob no nce ntau zaus.
Nyob hauv tsev kho mob, kev siv tshuaj xyuas kab mob hauv qab no yog siv:
- echocardiography;
- Kev kuaj mob xoo hluav taws xob. Ib txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev xoo hluav taws xob yog xoo hluav taws xob. Siv qhov nruab nrab tsis sib haum tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas thaj chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha nrog kev txwv tsis tshua muaj vim muaj cov leeg atherosclerotic plaques thiab cov ntshav txhaws;
- xam tomography, MRI. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais tso cai rau koj kom ntsuas tau tseeb qhov mob ntawm lub siab.
Tshuaj kho mob nkeeg
Kev kho mob plawv tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim. Yog tias "pob paj" tseem muaj ntshav qab zib, txoj kev kho mob yuav haj yam nyuaj. Hais txog qhov ua tau zoo, kev siv tshuaj thrombolytic kho qis dua rau cov kev ua haujlwm zoo li vascular stenting thiab angioplasty.
Coronary Angioplasty
Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo yog kev sib txuas ntawm kev kho tshuaj thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv. Rov ua kom tiav ntawm cov hlab ntsha cov hlab ntsha, nqa tawm hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm hnub txij li hnub pib ntawm tus kab mob, txo qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm cov teeb meem.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov kev kho mob metabolic, txij li mob ntshav qab zib yog txuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm metabolic. Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob yog qhov ib txwm ua thiab kho kom ntshav qab zib.
Rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob plawv, cov pawg tshuaj hauv qab no yog siv:
- tshuaj tsom rau txo qis cov roj cholesterol;
- thrombolytic, tshuaj anticoagulant;
- calcium antagonists;
- cov tshuaj siv nrog cov nyhuv antiarrhythmic;
- beta blockers.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas
Ua raws li cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yooj yim dua yuav txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab plawv pathologies:
- ntshav tswj kev tswj ntshav siab;
- kev sib tham tsis tu ncua nrog kws kho plawv thiab endocrinologist;
- ntshav qab zib tswj. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom yuav ib qho khoom looj ntsej muag;
- ua tiav kev quav dej cawv uas muaj haus cawv thiab haus luam yeeb;
- kev noj haus kom zoo. Lo lus "kev noj haus" ntawm no tsis tau raug rau txhua tus. Cov khoom noj zoo yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm kev ua neej;
- noj tshuaj uas kws kho mob sau tseg los ntawm tus kws kho mob;
- tswj ntshav siab;
- kev ua kom zoo ntawm kev pw tsaug zog thiab so;
- kev ua lub cev qoj ib ce, pom zoo nrog tus kws tshaj lij;
- pab txhawb nqa tshuaj.
Kev noj haus tom qab lub plawv nres nrog ntshav qab zib
Hauv thawj lub lim tiam thiab ib nrab txij li hnub pib ntawm tus kab mob, ib pluag mov noj yog qhia:
- mashed zaub kua zaub (nrog rau kev zam ntawm qos kua zaub);
- cereals: hau buckwheat, oatmeal;
- ncu lossis hau ntses npau;
- los ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis - yogurt, tsis muaj roj ntau hauv tsev cheese, kefir;
- lean nqaij siav;
- ncu omelet los ntawm cov nqaijrog.
Maj mam, cov npe ntawm cov tais diav tuaj yeem nthuav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau caiv ntawm cov khoom zoo li no:
- hmoov dawb, cov khoom lag luam muaj nws;
- cereals: mov, semolina;
- kib, roj rau zaub mov;
- cov khoom noj siv rog rog siab siab;
- haus luam yeeb, cov kaus poom, cov khoom uas pickled.
Sib luag tseem ceeb yog kev ua raws li kev haus dej haus cawv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kua dej thaum nruab hnub yog 1 liter.
Related videos
Txog kev mob plawv coronary thiab myocardial infarction hauv ntshav qab zib hauv video:
Lub sijhawm sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob thiab rov qab los ntawm kev mob plawv hauv cov ntshav qab zib yog nyob ntawm lub xeev ntawm vasculature thiab puas lub plawv mob li cas. Kev kho yog ntau yam thiab muab ncua ntev nrog ntshav qab zib labile, ntshav siab, thiab ntshav qab zib mob raum.
