Ib lub neej tag nrho, nquag ua haujlwm yog tsis yooj yim sua yam tsis muaj zaub mov zoo noj. Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus muab kev txwv ntxiv rau cov khoom noj hauv cov zaub mov: cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob noj zaub mov nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj carbohydrates ntau, txoj cai txwv tshwj xeeb rau cov suab thaj sai.
Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum them rau ib sim neej, muab tsis yog noj zaub mov nkaus xwb, tab sis nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho cov ntshav qab zib, cov zaub mov noj uas koj tus kws kho mob tau tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav, ua kom cov ntshav khov, thiab txo cov ntshav qab zib tsis txaus. Txoj kev noj haus nruj tshaj plaws tau sau tseg tam sim ntawd tom qab kuaj pom tus kab mob, cov npe txwv tsis pub noj zaub mov nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog nthuav dav tshaj. Raws li koj kawm tswj kev mob ntshav qab zib, cov kev txwv yuav tsawg dua, thiab tus neeg mob cov zaub mov noj yog qhov ze rau cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo noj tau.
Cov khoom noj dab tsi uas cov ntshav qab zib tau muab rau
Thaum xaiv cov khoom lag luam rau cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov hauv qab no:
Mob ntshav qab zib thiab siab surges yuav yog ib yam dhau los
- Li qub ntawm qab zib -95%
- Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha thrombosis - 70%
- Ntaus tau ntawm lub plawv dhia muaj zog -90%
- Kev tshem tawm ntshav siab - 92%
- Qhov nce hauv lub zog nruab hnub, txhim kho pw tsaug zog thaum hmo ntuj -97%
- Kev noj zaub mov carbohydrate yuav tsum tsawg, ua kom qeeb, tawv ncauj zom kom ntau.
- Khoom noj yuav tsum muaj cov khoom noj muaj fiber ntau - fiber ntau thiab pectin. Lawv maj mam ua kom cov nqus ntawm carbohydrates thiab pab tswj cov suab thaj kom khov.
- Kev noj haus yuav tsum muaj cov protein txaus, cov rog rog tsis txaus, vitamins thiab kab kawm.
- Cov zaub mov ua tsawg tsawg tau txais kev nyiam: tag nrho nplej, zaub tshiab, cov zaub mov mis ntuj.
- Kev noj calorie yuav tsum muab xam los ntawm kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab qhov nyhav tshaj.
Daim ntawv teev cov zaub mov txwv rau txhua hom ntshav qab zib suav nrog "tsis muaj" calories: cov khoom noj qab zib, cov zaub mov sai, cov dej qab zib, cawv.
Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog cov zaub tshiab, cov nqaij uas muaj roj tsawg thiab cov ntses, nrog rau cov khoom noj siv mis.
Nrog ntshav qab zib hom 1
Cov kev niaj hnub ua kom muaj zog ntawm kev siv tshuaj insulin, uas yog nce ntau hauv thawj hom kabmob, tso cai rau koj kom txo qis cov npe ntawm cov khoom txwv tsis pub. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom koj lo rau cov khoom noj khoom haus kom muaj tseeb (BZHU 20/25/55), npaj sijhawm sib nrug ntawm cov pluas noj, faib cov zaub mov carbohydrates kom zoo ib hnub.
Ib qho kev xav tau tab sis tsis tsim nyog yog qhov kev cais tawm cov carbohydrates ceev. Yog li, tswj cov ntshav qab zib kom yooj yim dua.
Daim ntawv teev cov khoom tsis tsim nyog ntawm lub rooj yog nthuav tawm hauv qab rooj:
| Qeb | Cov khoom noj muaj carbohydrate ntau |
| Kev sib cav sib ceg | Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntau yam: khoom qab zib thiab ncuav pastries, khoom qab zib, marmalade, dej khov, khaws cia thiab jams, phoov. |
| Bakery khoom | Cov khob cij dawb, ncuav pastry, ncuav qab zib, ncuav qab zib, qab zib. |
| Khoom noj siv mis | Cov piam thaj rau hauv cov kua mis, nrog rau haus, curds, glazed curds, cocktail mis nyuj haus. |
| Cereals | Semolina, couscous, tshais noj tshais, tshwj xeeb yog qab zib. |
| Cov nplej zom khoom lag luam | Cov hmoov nplej dawb nplej zom ua rau tag nrho cov khoom muag muag, tseem muaj nij. |
| Thawj qhov kev kawm | Kua zaub nrog vermicelli lossis mij. |
| Zaub | Fried qos yaj ywm thiab fries, mashed qos yaj ywm. Hau beets thiab carrots. |
| Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo | Cov dib liab, txiv ntsej muag, hnub tim, kua txiv qab zib. |
| Dej qab zib | Qab zib dej qab zib, lub zog, cawv. |
Ua tsaug rau qhov kev paub ntau zuj zus, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas muaj keeb kwm ntev los ntawm kev kho mob insulin muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov piam thaj ntawm qhov ib txwm nyob txawm tias tom qab noj cov ncuav. Lawm, rau lawv hais txog txhua daim ntawv teev txwv tsis pub cov zaub mov thiab hais lus tsis tau coj los ua. Yog tias glycemia ib txwm ua tas li, nrog hom ntshav qab zib hom 1, txhua yam yog ua tau.
Muaj kev zam tsuas yog haus cawv, tsis yog tus mob ntshav qab zib, thiab tus kws endocrinologist tuaj yeem kwv yees nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev. Cov khoom no raug txwv tsis hais hom twg thiab lub zog ntawm dej haus.
Nrog ntshav qab zib hom 2
Qhov ob hom mob ntsws mob ntshav qab zib (tsis tas yuav siv tshuaj insulin) yuav tsum noj zaub mov kom nruj. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog qhov txiav npluav ua tiav ntawm kev zom cov zaub mov sai sai thiab muaj kev txwv ntau ntxiv rau lwm cov suab thaj. Qhov tseeb, khoom noj yog los ntawm cov nqaij, ntses, zaub tshiab thiab stewed, khoom noj siv mis. Hauv cov khoom me, qe, zaub mov thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob hauv nws. Cov zaub mov saum toj no nrog kev yoo mov nrog cov zaub mov sai sai tau raug tshem tawm, tshwj xeeb yog thawj zaug. Tej zaum, tom qab poob ceeb thawj thiab kho cov ntshav tau ntau ntau, tus kws kho mob yuav tso cai rau qee lub tais los ntawm cov ntawv txwv tsis pub siv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj lawv hauv qhov tsis muaj ntau, zoo li ua ntej, yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua ntxiv lawm - lawv yuav ua kom tsis txhob ntxiv ntshav qab zib, uas txhais tau tias lawv yuav coj los ze zog ntawm qhov pib mob thiab ua rau lub neej luv ntawm tus neeg mob.
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tag nrho zam cov khoom lag luam carbohydrate, vim lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub zog rau cov leeg, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau lub hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsis txaus ntawm cov suab thaj hauv cov zaub mov provokes ketoacidosis - kev tso tawm ntawm acetone thiab acids rau hauv cov ntshav. Yog hais tias rau tus neeg laus noj qab haus huv, tus mob no yuav luag tsis txaus ntshai, tom qab ntawv rau tus mob ntshav qab zib nrog lub cev tsis nco qab nws yuav hloov mus rau hauv lub cev tsis nco qab ketoacidotic.
Qhov pub niaj hnub ntawm cov nyiaj carbohydrates hauv zaub mov yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws endocrinologist ntawm kev txais tos, suav txog:
- Qib muaj ntshav qab zib. Qhov sib dua tus kab mob, qhov kev txwv me me hauv cov zaub mov noj.
- Lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob. Tus neeg mob laus dua, cov khoom noj khoom haus ntau dua nws yuav tsum tau fim.
- Tus neeg mob hnyav. Kev pham, feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib, ua rau muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv insulin - txhim kho cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv tom qab noj mov. Raws li koj poob phaus, txwv tsis pub khoom noj carbohydrate ua me dua.
- Qib ntawm kev siv dag zog. Cov nqaij ntshiv nquag ua haujlwm nruab hnub, muaj qab zib ntau dua lawv yuav nqus - txog kev kawm txog mob ntshav qab zib.
Qhov ntxim siab, hauv cov ntshav qab zib hom 2, lub cev kev teb rau cov khoom lag luam zoo sib xws hauv cov ntsiab lus carbohydrate tuaj yeem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, hauv 100 gram ntawm cov nplej ntev thiab cov spaghetti los ntawm cov hmoov nplej dawb muaj txog 70 grams carbohydrates, ob qho tag nrho muaj glycemic index ntawm 60, tab sis lawv yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tom qab noj mov.
Qhov tshwm sim no tau piav qhia los ntawm tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev zom zaub mov thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov enzymes tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv hnyuv. Yog li no, tom qab kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, txhua yam khoom tshiab yuav tsum tau qhia tawm maj mam, saib xyuas qhov nce kawg ntawm qabzib nrog glucometer. Yog li ntawd, ob peb hlis koj yuav tsim tus kheej cov npe ntawm cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau txwv tsis pub.
Ntshav qab zib ua rau muaj kev txwv tsis pub siv cov rog ntau. Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerotic hloov pauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Lawv tshwm sim vim muaj kev phom sij los ntawm cov suab thaj ntawm lawv cov phab ntsa thiab cov roj metabolism tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho dhau heev ntawm lipids txo qhov rhiab ntawm cov nqaij mus rau insulin. Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, nws pom zoo kom txo cov rog kom tsawg li 25% ntawm tag nrho cov calories ntau ntawm cov zaub mov, nrog tsawg kawg ib nrab ntawm cov zaub mov tsis muaj zaub mov.
Mob ntshav qab zib-txwv tsis pub cov rog:
- ua noj ua rog, hydro rog, margarines thiab kis;
- txiv maj phaub, txiv maj phaub roj;
- cocoa butter hloov chaw;
- nqaij npuas thiab nqaij rog rog.
Pom zoo rau kev siv:
- Monounsaturated fatty acids - txiv roj roj.
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids - paj noob hlis thiab pob kws roj (omega-6), roj hiav txwv muaj roj (omega-3).
Cov khoom noj txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib
Ib qho dhau ntawm cov carbohydrates thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov rog txaus ntshai yuav ua rau lub cev tsis muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus, mob plawv tsis zoo, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Rau qhov tsis zoo, cov zaub mov raug txwv yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov tsis tu ncua. Kev hloov pauv hauv cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv siab raum maj mam dhau mus ntau xyoo.
Thiab no cawv yuav tua cov ntshav qab zib hauv ib hnubthiab tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias muaj qhov ua tsis tiav, kev haus dej haus cawv yuav tsawg dua 100 g ntawm dej cawv. Yog li, cov khoom lag luam phom sij tshaj plaws rau cov ntshav qab zib, uas kiag li tsis tuaj yeem noj nyob hauv tib tus neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv, yuav tsum suav nrog txhua yam dej cawv - nyeem ntxiv.
Cov cawv feem ntau muaj cawv txuam nrog cov suab thaj sai. Hauv thawj feeb tom qab noj, lawv, zoo li tag nrho cov khoom noj carbohydrate, nce cov ntshav qabzib. Tab sis tom qab ob peb teev, lawv cov nyhuv hloov mus rau qhov tsis sib thooj kiag li. Vim tias lub siab ua rau lub siab ua kom tiv thaiv kev haus cawv thiab sai sai nws tshem tawm ntawm lub cev, glycogen khw muag khoom hauv nws txo qis. Thaum tsis muaj ib pluas noj ntxiv, cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav poob qis, hypoglycemia muaj kev txhim kho. Yog tias koj haus cawv thaum hmo ntuj thiab mus pw nrog ntshav qab zib, qhov ua kom cov ntshav qab zib tsawg nyob rau thaum sawv ntxov tuaj yeem ua qhov tseem ceeb, nce mus txog qhov ua tsis nco qab lawm. Lub xeev ntawm intoxication, cov tsos mob ntawm cov uas zoo sib xws rau cov cim ntawm kev poob qab zib, tsis ua rau muaj kev lees paub txog kev mob ntshav qab zib.
Txhawm rau tswj koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, haus dej cawv rau ntshav qab zib yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov zaub mov raug txwv, nyob rau hauv huab, yuav haus nws ob peb zaug hauv ib hlis hauv kev tsawg.
Ntau txog cov khoom lag luam phom sij:
- Cov hnub thiab ntshav qab zib - nws puas yuav muaj peev xwm mus ua ke cov kab mob nrog cov khoom noj qab zib qab zib;
- Vim li cas muab taub dag thiab ntshav qab zib nrog kev ceev faj.
