Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho mob hauv qab - hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, rau cov neeg mob nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha me thiab cov kab mob loj uas tus kabmob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.
Qhov no hawv yuav ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim ntau: kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv, ob lub qhov muag, raum thiab lwm yam kabmob. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mob nws muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog lub luag haujlwm no - cov normalization ntawm cov rog thiab carbohydrate metabolism yog qhov tsim nyog, uas yog, khoom noj khoom haus hauv ntshav qab zib yuav tsum ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm tus neeg mob.
Yog li, tsis muaj zaub mov noj, kev kho kom zoo rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 tsuas yog xav tsis tau. Ntxiv mus, nws tsis yog nyob ntawm seb tus neeg mob noj qab zib-txo cov tshuaj lossis puas yog tsis muaj lawv, rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib xws li kev noj zaub mov yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Cov ntsiab cai kev noj zaub mov zoo
Feem ntau, ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog nrog kev rog, yog li thawj kauj ruam yuav tsum tau hloov kho kev noj zaub mov noj, thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntshav qab zib yuav siv txhua yam no rau hauv tus account.
Lawv yuav tsum ua kom yuag txhawm rau txo kev hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov rog ntawm hom plab.
Xws li tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau poob tsawg kawg 6 kg, thiab lub tswv yim 10% ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav tag nrho thiab tsis rov qab ua rau qhov hnyav dhau los, qhov no yog qhov kev noj haus zoo li cas, thiab nws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus.
Yog hais tias tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav tsis tshaj li qhov yuav tsum tau txais, cov nqi zog ntawm cov zaub mov uas nws noj yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv khoom noj kom muaj sia, uas suav nrog tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej thiab lub cev ua si.
Nrog cov ntau ntau ntawm cov rog, cov kev tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua, thiab cov khoom lag luam rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav tsum ua qhov no.
Nrog ntshav qab zib hom 2, raws li koj paub, muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm kev txhim kho:
- atherosclerosis ntawm cov nkoj loj thiab me me;
- kev mob plawv hauv lub plawv;
- cov kab mob cerebrovascular (rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb).
Vim li ntawv kev noj haus rau ntshav qab zib yuav tsum muaj lub ntsiab lus antiatherosclerotic.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom txwv tsis pub siv cov rog, vim tias lawv nplua nuj nyob hauv cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov roj nyeem fatty acids. Raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov xyoo tsis ntev los no tau pom, xws li kev noj haus hauv ntshav qab zib mellitus txo qhov rhiab ntawm cov hlwb rau insulin.
Muaj roj ntau npaum li cas hauv cov zaub mov thiab tsis ua rau kev rog
Tus neeg noj qab haus huv uas tsis rog dhau thiab nquag txaus thawm hnub nws muaj peev xwm them taus siv 1 gram ntawm cov roj ib phaus ntawm lub cev nyhav nrog cov zaub mov sib txawv. Txhawm rau xam qhov hnyav zoo tagnrho, koj yuav tsum rho tawm 100 ntawm koj qhov siab hauv centimeters.
Yog hais tias tus neeg mob qhov siab yog 170 cm, tom qab ntawd nws lub cev hnyav yuav tsum yog 70 kilo, thiab ua rau lub cev qoj ib ce zoo, xws li tus neeg ntawd tau pub kom noj ntau txog 70 gram roj hauv ib hnub.
Piv txwv li:
- rau qhov kev npaj ntawm cov zaub mov kib yog txaus 1 tbsp. dia roj zaub, uas muaj 15 gr. rog
- hauv 50 gr. chocolates yog 15-18 gr. rog
- 1 khob ntawm 20% qaub cream - 40 gr. rog.
Yog tias kev rog dhau los tam sim no, tom qab ntawd cov roj ntau dhau ntawm 1 kg. lub cev hnyav yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg.
Txawm hais tias qhov muaj hnub nyoog me tab sis kev tsis yoo ncua tsis ntev los kawg yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig. Ntxiv mus, nrog cov kev txwv me me txhua hnub, cov nyhuv yuav txuas ntxiv dua li los ntawm kev poob phaus tam sim no uas siv cov lus pom zoo rau kev noj haus;
Txhawm rau kom yooj yim rau kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem siv lub rooj ntawm cov khoom muaj roj ntau ntawm cov rog.
Cov khoom noj dab tsi yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm koj cov kev noj haus
Cov muaj roj ntau:
- hauv mayonnaise thiab qaub cream;
- hauv sausages thiab yam hnyuv ntxwm;
- hauv yaj thiab nqaij npuas;
- nyob rau hauv cheeses ntawm cov rog qib, cov no yuav luag txhua daj cheeses;
- nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj siv roj ntsha.
Tab sis tsis muaj tsawg ib qho tseem ceeb yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua noj ntawm cov khoom, cov khoom noj ib txwm hais txog qhov no. Cov rog thiab cov rog yuav tsum tshem tawm ntawm cov nqaij, daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm cov noog tuag, cov zaub mov kib yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm, hloov lawv nrog ci, hau, ncu, muab tais ua kua hauv lawv cov kua txiv.
Nws raug nquahu tias cov zaubmov uas muaj cov rog trans ntau ntxiv yuav tsum tsis suav nrog cov rog. Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob tsis ntev los no tau pom tias muaj ntau dhau ntawm cov roj pauv hauv lub cev uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, thiab qhov no ua rau muaj qhov hnyav nce ntxiv thiab ua rau mob cancer.
Cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm koj cov zaub mov noj, muaj cov roj pauv ntau suav nrog:
- margarine;
- tsawg-zoo butter hloov pauv;
- zaub roj thiab cov khoom ua muaj roj - kis;
- cocoa butter hloov chaw - cov rog tsis sib haum;
- tej yoo mov (hamburger, kub aub, kib kib, thiab lwm yam);
- paj kws
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov khoom noj muaj cov khoom lag luam txaus (txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub). Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias yog tias ib qho kev pabcuam ntawm cov zaub mov hauv 2/3 muaj cov khoom noj cog, thiab qhov seem yog protein (ntses lossis nqaij), ces kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav tau raug txo qis, thiab kev noj haus yuav tsum xav txog qhov no.
Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, nws yog qhov siv tau rau siv cov khoom fructose hauv zaub mov noj, suav nrog qab zib.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj cov zaub mov tsis tu ncua ntawm cov fructose tuaj yeem ua rau kev rog. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias lub cev poob nws tsis kam mus rau leptin, ib yam tshuaj uas tswj kev qab los noj mov.
Qhov tseeb no, ua ke nrog kev noj zaub mov kom muaj txiaj ntsig, tuaj yeem ua rau cov rog rog. Yog li, cov neeg mob rog nrog cov neeg rog rog tsis pom zoo siv rau hauv cov khoom fructose.
Zoo carbohydrates
Txij li cov khoom noj carbohydrates tau txiav txim siab tsuas yog cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem nce cov ntshav qab zib, lawv cov ntau hauv qhov kev noj haus (hauv qhov tsis muaj rog hauv cov neeg mob) yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig, kev noj zaub mov noj yuav tsum ua qhov no mus rau hauv tus account.
Kev noj haus niaj hnub rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2, uas suav nrog kev kho kev noj haus, tsis pom zoo cov lus pom zoo uas tau tshwm sim yav dhau los: cov kws kho mob tsis muaj kev zam qhia txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 kom tsawg li carbohydrates tsawg li sai tau. Nws hloov tawm tias qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom noj carbohydrates yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Cov piam thaj thiab cov khoom uas muaj cov keeb no, kev noj haus ntawm cov ntshav qab zib kom tshem tawm txhua qhov:
- jam;
- marshmallows;
- marmalade;
- Qhob noom xim kasfes
- caramel.
Txhua tus kabmob ntshav qab zib no tuaj yeem ua kom tsawg, tab sis cov khoom lag luam no tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov uas muaj cov khoom noj muaj roj ntau ntau thiab muaj cov roj ntsha glycemic tsawg. Cov no suav nrog feem ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, txiv ntseej, legumes, txiv ntoo, qee cov cereals, cov khoom ci wholemeal ci thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam.
Cov pyramid ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev noj haus rau ntshav qab zib
Tib neeg yuav tsum noj dab tsi thiaj tuav tau nws lub cev?
Cov pyramid ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig muab cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no, uas yog siv tau sib luag rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv thiab rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.
Cov kab lus no piav qhia meej meej ntau npaum li cas cov zaub mov noj tau los ntawm txhua pawg zaub mov.
Ntawm nws cov saum toj yog cov khoom lag luam uas tuaj yeem noj, tab sis tsis tshua muaj:
- Cov dej cawv, cov rog, cov roj zaub, khoom qab zib.
- Cov kua ua kua, mis, nqaij qaib, nqaij, ntses, txiv ntoo, qe, legumes. Txhua qhov no ua tau hauv 2-3 servings.
- Txiv hmab txiv ntoo - 2-4 servings, zaub - 3-5 servings.
- Ntawm lub hauv paus hauv paus hauv keeb yog ncuav thiab mov ci, lawv tuaj yeem noj 6-11 servings.
Raws li lub zog muaj nyob hauv ntu thiab lawv cov zaub mov muaj pes tsawg leeg, lawv (hauv tib pab pawg) yog qhov sib hloov thiab zoo sib xws. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau txais lub npe "hloov khoom noj khoom haus."
Piv txwv li, 30 g suab thaj muaj 115 kcal. Kev ntsuas ib pes tsawg, tab sis cov zaub mov kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yuav tau los ntawm kev noj mov li ntawm 35 g ntawm pasta lossis 50 g ntawm rye cij. Txhua tus neeg uas tau ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub pyramid tuaj yeem tsim nws tus kheej kev noj haus.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev noj haus nyob rau hauv raws li txoj kev kho
Tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj tsis tu ncua, tsawg kawg yog 5-6 zaug hauv ib hnub, tab sis qee ntu yuav tsum me me. Tom qab sau lub phaj nrog zaub mov, koj yuav tsum tawm ib nrab xwb ntawm nws, thiab muab cov seem rov qab lossis tawm tom qab.
Ntau qhov yuav tsum tau them rau kev tswj hwm cov rog thiab cov piam thaj hauv ntshav. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum muaj kev paub txhij txhua txhawm rau kom paub txog thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib hauv lub sijhawm, piv txwv, thaum haus cawv lossis thaum tawm dag zog lub cev.
Yog tias tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 nyob nrog kev kho tshuaj insulin ntau dua, nws yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus zoo ib yam li mob ntshav qab zib hom 1:
- hom nruj;
- kev faib tawm ntawm carbohydrates ib qhov txais tos;
- Suav cov khob cij ua mov.
Hauv kev kho cov tshuaj hypoglycemic
Txawm hais tias hypoglycemia tshwm sim ntau tsawg dua nrog qhov kev kho no dua li nrog kev txhaj tshuaj insulin, koj yuav tsum paub txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov suab thaj txo cov tshuaj nrog zaub mov.
Thiab koj yuav tsum tsim koj cov khoom noj kom ua raws li cov khoom noj khoom noj khoom siv zog.
Cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj piam thaj ntau, vim kev siv cov uas cov ntshav qog tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog qhov muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau, feem ntau suav nrog glinides thiab sulfonylurea npaj:
- rov ua dua tshiab;
- cais pawg;
- glimepiride;
- gliclazide;
- glibenclamide.
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqis tes ntawm cov tshuaj no yog kev ua kom muaj cov xoos hlwb rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Qhov ntau dua qhov koob tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj muaj zog ntau dua, ua rau lub zog tsa ntau dua, thiab yog li ntawd, ntau dua qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin rau hauv cov ntshav.
Yog li, yog tias tus neeg mob tau sau tseg cov nyiaj no, nws yuav tsum noj tsis tu ncua. Txwv tsis pub, cov tshuaj insulin ntau tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav qab zib.
Txoj hauv kev ua cov khoom rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib
Txog tus mob ntshav qab zib, nws yog qhov zoo dua:
- Ua noj hauv cov zaub kua txiv, ntawm dej, hauv lwm yam kua.
- Cov taub hau, nws yog siv los ua cov khoom lag luam uas muaj lub ntsej muag uas muaj kua: muaj zaub, ntses, txhos caug.
- Chav ua noj.
- Ua noj ua raws qab los ntawm kev ci hauv qhov cub.
- Kev nthuav tawm, tab sis nws yog siv ntau tsawg dua.
Ua noj los ntawm qhov muag yog qhov tsis txaus siab. Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm suav txog tus nqi ntawm cov zaub mov carbohydrates noj, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov nplai ntawm tsev neeg, ntsuas cov tais diav thiab cov zaub mov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ib qho lus xws li, piv txwv, tau nthuav tawm nrog peb.
Carbohydrate ib pawg pawg lus
| Thawj pab pawg | Yuav luag Carbohydrate Cov Khoom Pub Dawb | Ntses, nqaij, cov rog, qe, txiv lws suav, zaub qhwv, zaub ntsuab, zaub xas lav, dib. |
| Pawg ob | Cov zaub mov uas muaj cov carbohydrate tsis zoo (txog li 10%) | Tsawb, legumes, carrots, beets, khoom noj siv mis. |
| Pawg peb | Cov Khoom Noj Muaj Muaj carbohydrate nrog zaub mov zoo nkauj | Txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, txiv tsawb, txiv quav ntswv nyoos, qos yaj ywm, nplej zom, hmoov nplej, mov ci, mov ci, txiv ncuav qab zib, qab zib. |
Tsis pom zoo rau ntshav qab zib
Nqaij ncuav qab zib thiab pastry, mis kua zaub nrog mij, mov, semolina, cov roj muaj roj muaj roj zoo nkauj, roj ntses, nqaij ntses kaus poom, nqaij hnyuv ntxwm ntau, noj nqaij, nqaij rog thiab nqaij qaib, qab zib.
Qab zib curds, salted cheeses, caviar, cov kaus poom roj, cov ntsev qab ntsev, thiab:
Cov nplej zom, semolina, mov.
Ua noj thiab tsiaj rog txhua yam.
Cov ntsev ua kua thiab ntsim ntsim.
Pickled thiab salted zaub.
Cov zaub mov qab zib: kua txiv qab zib nrog piam thaj, kua txiv qab zib, dej qab zib, khoom qab zib, jam, qab zib.
Cov txiv ntoo qab zib: hnub, figs, txiv tsawb, raisins, txiv quav ntswv nyoos.
Pom zoo rau cov ntshav qab zib
Hmoov nplej
Hmoov cov khoom thiab khob cij: nplej 2 qib, ceg, rye (li 300 g hauv ib hnub).
Los ntawm txo tus nqi ntawm cov khob cij, unsweetened thiab inedible hmoov khoom.
Kua zaub
Cov zaub: nqaij thiab zaub okroshka, kua zaub beetroot, borsch, zaub qhwv.
Lub cev tsis tshua muaj rog: ntses, nqaij, nceb, zaub, qos yaj ywm nrog nqaij npog, cereals (oat, hlaws barley, millet, barley, buckwheat). Borsch thiab sorrel kua zaub rau kev rog thiab ntshav qab zib tsuas yog yooj yim ua.
Oat thiab buckwheat groats yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev, lawv muaj cov khoom noj muaj roj ntau hauv ntuj; ntxiv rau, lawv tau hloov pauv kom tsawg rau cov rog.
Nqaij khoom
Nqaij tawv nqaij tawv, nqaij ntshiv ntshiv, nqaij yaj ntshiv thiab nqaij npuas, luav.
Qaib ntxhw, qaib, stewed, hau lossis kib tom qab ua noj, hauv tej daim lossis hlais.
Hauv tsawg tsawg ntawm daim siab, tus nplaig hau, noj hnyuv ntxwm.
Ntses
Tsuas yog nws cov roj ntsha uas muaj roj tsawg hauv ci, hau, tsis tshua muaj kib xim: nyiaj hake, saffron cod, perch, bream, cod, pike perch. Nyob kas poom ntses hauv lws suav lossis nws cov kua txiv.
Khoom noj siv mis
- Qaub-mis haus.
- Mis.
- Bold thiab nonfat tsev cheese thiab cov tais diav los ntawm nws: cov dumplings plhaw, souffle, casseroles.
- Tsawg-rog, unsalted cheese.
Qaub cream yuav tsum txwv.
Cov qe, cereals, cov rog
Yolks yuav tsum tau txwv, 1-1.5 qe tauj ib hnub, muag-hau, raug tso cai.
Cereals yuav tau haus nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj carbohydrates, pom zoo:
- thoob ham;
- millet;
- barley;
- oat;
- pearl barley.
Los ntawm cov rog rau ua noj + rau cov tais diav (tsawg kawg 40 grams hauv ib hnub):
- zaub roj: paj noob hlis, txiv ntseej, pob kws.
- ghee yam tsis muaj ntsev.
Zaub
Cov zaub xws li qos yaj ywm, taum ntsuab ntsuab, beets thiab carrots yuav tsum tau noj nrog carbohydrates.
Pom hais tias ci, ncu, hau, nyoos, qee zaum kib zaub nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj carb tsawg yog qhov kev pom zoo:
- Hlais nplej
- lws suav;
- Txiv lws suav
- dib
- zaub xam lav;
- taub dag
- zucchini;
- zaub qhwv.
Raws li cov khoom lag luam carbohydrate tsawg, zaub xas lav tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Feem ntau, cov zaub mov uas tsis muaj carb rau cov ntshav qab zib yog qhov kev noj haus zoo rau kev xaiv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov vitamins thiab cov ntsev ntxhia, piv txwv li, nicotinic acid, uas yog suav tias yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm insulin.
Cov kua ntsev zinc hauv zaub xam lav tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm li qub ntawm cov txiav.
Khoom noj txom ncauj
- Unsalted cheese.
- Tsawg-rog jelly nqaij nyuj.
- Nqaij ntses nyoo.
- Jellied ntses.
- Cov plaub hau mos.
- Zaub caviar (txaij, taub).
- Fresh zaub xam lav.
- Vinaigrette.
Qab zib noj
Fresh berries thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm qab zib thiab qaub ntau yam nyob rau hauv txhua daim ntawv:
- sau;
- mousses;
- koos loos.
Khoom qab zib ntawm sorbitol, saccharin, xylitol thiab lwm cov khoom qab zib. Ua ntej koj pib siv lawv, peb qhia koj kom paub tias qhov no yog sorbitol.
Cov kua ntses thiab txuj lom
Tsawg rog Sauces:
- on zaub decoctions;
- cov nqaij tsis muaj zog, nceb thiab ntses nqaij ntses;
Cov txuj lom thiab txuj lom tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv qhov tsawg:
- mustard, kua txob, horseradish;
- zaub txhwb qaib, dill;
- marjoram, cloves, cinnamon.
Dej qab zib
- Kas fes nrog mis nyuj, tshuaj yej.
- Kua zaub ntsuab.
- Cov kua txiv los ntawm cov kua qaub tsis muaj kua nyeem thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Ib decoction ntawm Rose hips yuav tsum tau noj thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo.
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