Ntau tus neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib txaus siab xav txog lo lus nug ntawm qhov twg cov tshuaj insulin zoo tshaj yog siv los txo cov ntshav qab zib.
Niaj hnub no, xws li kev kho tus mob yog nrov heev. Qhov no yog vim muaj qee yam xws li:
- Kev lag luam tshuaj insulin qhia tau ua haujlwm zoo heev.
- Cov tshuaj no muaj kev nyab xeeb heev.
- Lawv yooj yim heev rau siv.
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub tso cai rau koj hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas nyob ntawm kev hloov pauv yam tshuaj hormone los ntawm lub cev nws tus kheej.
Qhov tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam yog cov lus nug ntawm cov tshuaj insulin analogues hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv rau cov neeg mob uas tam sim no mob ntshav qab zib hom 2. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob paub ntxov los sis tom qab hloov ntawm ntsiav tshuaj mus txhaj. Yog li, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xaiv txoj kev kho mob tshiab tshaj plaws thiab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txhaj tshuaj.
Kev tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj insulin rau cov neeg mob uas twb tau siv hom tshuaj no lawm. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim thaum kev kho mob yog nqa nrog cov tshuaj dhau los. Vim tias nws, phiv xws li:
- Tus ntse tsis pom kev ntawm lub zeem muag.
- Deterioration ntawm tag nrho cov nruab nrog cev.
- Nquag jumps nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib, uas ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hypoglycemia lossis hyperglycemia.
Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm teem sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam tus neeg mob siab thiab tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj kev sib kis rau ib hom tshuaj insulin tshwj xeeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj yog dab tsi?
Ib qho ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb thaum xaiv tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam txog qhov nrawm ntawm nws cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev. Piv txwv, muaj cov uas ua tawm sai heev thiab kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav peb caug lossis plaub caug feeb ua ntej noj mov. Tab sis muaj cov neeg uas, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntev heev, lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem mus txog kaum ob teev. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, hom kev ua no tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib hauv ntshav qab zib mellitus.
Yuav luag txhua tus neeg niaj hnub insulin analogues sai sai. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog haiv neeg insulin, nws ua nyob rau hauv plaub lossis tsib feeb tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
Hauv qhov dav dav, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov zoo hauv qab no ntawm cov analogues niaj hnub:
- Nruab nrab cov ntsiab lus.
- Cov tshuaj tau los ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis DNA thev naus laus zis niaj hnub.
- Qhov tshiab cov tshuaj insulin niaj hnub muaj cov khoom tshiab pharmacological.
Ua tsaug rau txhua yam ntawm cov khoom tau hais los saum toj no, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav qhov sib txig sib luag ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim dheev hauv cov suab thaj thiab tau txais cov phiaj glycemic.
Ntawm cov tshuaj muaj npe zoo niaj hnub tuaj yeem txheeb tau:
- Qhov ntsuas ntawm ultrashort insulin, uas yog Apidra, Humalog, Novorapid.
- Lub sijhawm ntev - Levemir, Lantus.
Yog tias tus neeg mob tau muaj qhov tsis zoo tom qab siv tshuaj, tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom hloov cov tshuaj insulin.
Tab sis koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov no tsuas yog saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thiab soj ntsuam tus neeg mob kom zoo thaum lub sijhawm hloov tus txheej txheem.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub Humalog (lispro thiab sib tov 25)
Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm insulins nrov tshaj plaws - analogues ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Nws cov peculiarity dag nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias nws yog sai nqus mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav ntawm tus neeg.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias yog tias koj txhaj nws nrog qee yam tsis xwm yeem thiab nyob rau tib lub koob tshuaj, tom qab ntawd 4 teev tom qab txhaj tshuaj, qhov siab ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj hormone yuav rov qab los rau nws qib qub. Piv rau tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin, lub sijhawm no luv dua txij li yav dhau los kav txog rau teev.
Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov hloov pauv rau tib neeg cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov nws paub tau zoo tau, yog li lub sijhawm hloov pauv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab yooj yim heev. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov koob tshuaj. Qhov tseeb, txawm tias koj nce qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no, lub sijhawm ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim yuav nyob li qub. Thiab qhov no, nyeg, muab kev lees paub tias tus neeg mob tsis tau ncua glycemia.
Tag nrho cov yam ntxwv saum toj no ua rau nws zoo ib yam li ua tau rau insulin tib neeg.
Raws li rau Humalog sib tov 25, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg ntawm no tias qhov no yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv xws li:
- Lub cev tiv thaiv qhov loj ntawm cov tshuaj hormones lispro (75%).
- Cov tshuaj Insulin Humalog (25%).
Ua tsaug rau cov khoom tivthaiv thawj zaug, cov tshuaj no muaj lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau lub cev tau tshwm sim. Ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob insulin uas twb muaj lawm ntawm tib neeg cov tshuaj hormones, nws muab lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws kom rov ua qhov khoom lag luam hauv paus ntawm cov tshuaj hormone nws tus kheej.
Kev sib xyaw cov tshuaj hormones feem ntau yog kho rau cov neeg uas raug tus mob thib ob ntawm tus kab mob no. Cov npe no suav nrog cov neeg mob uas laus lossis mob hlwb tsis zoo.
Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem muab tshuaj ua ntej noj mov, lossis tam sim ntawd.
Yuav xaiv dab tsi - Apidra, Levemir lossis Lantus?
Yog tias peb tham txog thawj cov tshuaj hormones, tom qab ntawd hauv nws lub cev muaj peev xwm nws yog qhov zoo sib xws nrog Humalog uas piav qhia saum toj no. Tab sis nrog kev hwm txog mitogenic raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm metabolic, nws yog qhov zoo ib yam rau tib neeg cov insulin. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem siv rau lub sijhawm tsis muaj sijhawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nws pib ua dab tsi tam sim ntawd tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
Xws li Humalog, qhov lus sib piv ntawm tib neeg insulin feem ntau xaiv los ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog siab. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tuaj yeem noj tam sim ua ntej lossis tom qab noj mov.
Raws li rau Levemir, nws muaj lub sijhawm nruab nrab. Nws yuav tsum tau siv ob zaug nyob rau ib hnub thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav muaj peev xwm tswj hwm qhov tseeb tswj kav glycemic tswj thoob plaws hauv lub hnub.
Tab sis Lantus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua sai sai. Ntxiv mus, nws dissolves zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic me ntsis, dissolves nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib puag ncig tsis zoo dua. Feem ntau, nws ncig ncig ntev li nees nkaum-plaub teev. Yog li, tus neeg mob muaj peev xwm los txhaj ib hnub nkaus xwb. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nws tuaj yeem rub tawm rau hauv txhua qhov ntawm lub cev: plab, caj npab lossis ceg. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus kabmob yog nees nkaum plaub teev, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yog nees nkaum cuaj.
Lantus muaj cov zoo li no:
- Txhua daim ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev uas vam khom insulin pib haus cov piam thaj ntau zoo dua.
- Nws zoo txo cov ntshav qabzib.
- Kev ua kom qis dua ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais, cov protein, yog li qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nce qib ntawm acetone hauv cov ntshav thiab zis yog txo kom tsawg.
- Txhim kho cov metabolism hauv cov nqaij mob hauv lub cev tag nrho.
Tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb paub tseeb tias kev siv niaj zaus hloov chaw kawg rau tib neeg cov kua dej ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsim cov khoom no hauv lub cev.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj xaiv tau qhov yog?
Thaum cov lus nug tshwm sim txog yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv lub cev, thawj yam yuav tsum tau ua yog ua kev soj ntsuam tag nrho ntawm tus neeg mob thiab txheeb xyuas tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm chav kawm ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus hauv tus neeg mob tshwj xeeb. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub hloov pauv chaw ua ntej lossis hloov mus rau kev txhaj tshuaj tom qab noj cov ntsiav tshuaj yam tsis tau mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Tsuas yog tom qab kuaj mob meej, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem muab nws kev tso cai hloov pauv tshuaj lossis sau ntawv rau thawj zaug.
Tsis txhob hnov qab tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kev soj ntsuam ntxiv ntawm tus neeg mob ua ntu zus. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav rau qhov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, yog tias muaj lwm cov kabmob sib kis tau tsim, thiab yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub qog ntshav qab zib. Txhawm rau taug qab txhua yam no, tus neeg mob nws tus kheej yuav tsum mus ntsib nws tus kws kho qhov muag endocrinologist hauv zos thiab qhia meej txog nws tus mob.
Tab sis dhau li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo saum toj no, koj tseem yuav tsum tau ib txwm ua raws li kev noj haus zoo. Thiab tseem coj yus lub neej zoo. Kev tawm tshiab hauv cov huab cua tsis tu ncua yuav ua kom lub cev tsis txias, thiab tseem yuav txhim kho cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj insulin los ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev.
Tsis ntev los no, muaj ntau cov lus qhia txog kev xaiv cov khoom noj kom zoo thiab cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb uas pab ua kom cov leeg thiav rov qab thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj hormone aforementioned. Tab sis, tau kawg, ua ntej pib siv ntawm cov lus pom zoo, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Daim vis dis aus hauv tsab xov xwm no hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj insulin.
