Kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus tuaj yeem cia li sai, cov tsos mob nce sai, lossis tseem muaj ntshav qab zib yog thawj zaug tau kuaj pom thaum tus neeg mob coj mus rau hauv tsev kho mob hauv kev tsis nco qab. Cov lus piav qhia no ntau dua haum rau cov ntshav qab zib insulin, nws loj hlob nrog kev tuag ntawm 90% ntawm cov hlwb txiav pancreatic.
Kab mob ntshav qab zib hom thib ob yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim thiab cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv, vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv insulin feem ntau pib qeeb zuj zus. Nws yog qhov dhau los los ntawm lub sijhawm muaj kev mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, uas cov tsos mob tseem tsis tau pom thiab, raws li kev kuaj ntshav rau cov ntshav qab zib, tsis tuaj yeem kuaj mob tas mus li. Rau cov xwm txheej zoo li no, txoj kev kawm ua ntshav qab zib raug tso cai - kuaj ntshav qabzib nyob siab.
Kev kuaj pom ntshav qab zib thaum ntxov ntawm theem ntawm kev tsis hnov lus qab zib tsis txaus siab pab ncua kev txhim kho ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, yooj yim nws cov chav kawm thiab tiv thaiv kab mob vascular.
Yuav ua li cas los txiav txim qhov mob ntshav qab zib?
"Yog tias piam thaj yog 6.4 nws txhais li cas? "- cov lus nug no feem ntau ntsib hauv cov neeg mob uas tau txheeb xyuas lawv cov ntshav qab zib hauv thawj zaug. Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi yog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm glycemia. Rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv tom qab 8 teev tom qab kawg koob tshuaj, sau ntshav qab zib 3.3 -5.5 mmol / l.
Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau ntau dua, tab sis tsis tshaj 7 mmol / L (zoo li hauv piv txwv saum toj no), tom qab ntawd kev kuaj mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, lossis tsis hnov qab cov ntshav qab zib, tau ua. Tus mob no yog nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab tus kabmob. Cov mob zoo li no qiv lawv tus kheej kom zoo rau kev kho los ntawm kev noj haus, kev siv lub cev, thiab kev siv tshuaj ntsuab.
Feem ntau, cov neeg mob tsis tas yuav kho tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov hnyav yog qhov qub lossis tus neeg mob yuav txo nws qis rau qhov kev ntsuas lub cev hauv qab 27 kg / m2. thaum tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj thiab lub neej, theem tom ntej yuav pib - ntshav qab zib.
Qhov insidiousness ntawm ntshav qab zib yog tias kev yoo mov cov piam thaj ntau yuav yog qhov qub, tab sis tus kab mob hloov zuj zus. Yog li, kev tshawb fawb meej tshaj feem ntau yog siv los ua kev kuaj mob: theem ntawm glycated hemoglobin thiab kuaj ntshav qabzib nyob siab.
Glycated hemoglobin raug kuaj hauv cov ntshav, tsis hais lub sijhawm nruab hnub lossis hnub noj mov. Nws qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav qab zib hauv 3 lub hlis dhau los. Qhov no yog ua tau vim tias cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tsim cov khoom sib tov nrog hemoglobin. Qhov kev xav ntawm cov glycated protein yog qhov ntau dua, ntau dua qhov yuav nce hauv qab zib thaum lub sijhawm no.
Txhais lus ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm glycated hemoglobin (qhov ntsuas hauv mmol / l):
- Hauv qab 5.7 yog qhov taw qhia ib txwm ua.
- 7 - 6.4 - theem ntawm mob ntshav qab zib latent, cov ntshav qabzib tau txo.
- Yog tias cov ntshav muaj piam thaj yog 6.4 lossis siab dua, ces qhov no yog ntshav qab zib.
Qhov txheej txheem thib ob rau kev kuaj mob lub xeev ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus metabolism ua kom pom tias lub cev ua li cas nrog kev nce qab zib tom qab noj mov. Nquag, tom qab lub sijhawm 1.5 - 2 teev tom qab noj mov, cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tshwm nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg vim qhov kev ua ntawm kev tso tawm insulin. Nws qib rov qab los rau ib qho uas tau nyob hauv plab khoob.
Ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov tshuaj insulin tsis txaus lossis tsis kam tiv taus nws tau tsim rau nws. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab noj mov, cov piam thaj nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha, rhuav tshem lawv cov phab ntsa. Tib lub sijhawm, vim tias cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv, tus neeg mob hnov tau nqhis dej tas li thiab nqhis dej, tso zis tawm ntau ntau thiab lub cev qhuav dej tuaj. Maj mam, lwm cov tsos mob ntshav qab zib koom nrog.
Kev kuaj ntshav qabzib ua rau cov zaub mov ua haujlwm. Rau qhov no, tom qab kev so noj hauv cov zaub mov (feem ntau 14-teev), tus neeg mob ntsuas ntshav qab zib thawj zaug, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov kua nplaum hauv nws uas nws muaj 75 g. Ntsuas ntsuas dua ntawm glycemia yog nqa tawm tom qab 1 thiab 2 teev.
Lub sijhawm ua ntej cov ntshav qab zib tau nce siab los ntawm kev nce ntxiv 2 teev tom qab kev noj cov piam thaj nyob rau 7.8-11.0 mmol / L. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tau pom siab dua lossis sib npaug rau 11.1 mmol / l, tom qab ntawv kuaj ntshav qab zib tau tsim. Raws li, txhua tus lej hauv qab 7.8 mmol / L tuaj yeem nyob hauv ib lub xeev ib txwm muaj cov khoom noj roj metabolism.
Txog kev kuaj ntshav qabzib kom raug, cov cai hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws:
- Yuav tsum tsis muaj ib yam kis kab mob.
- Hnub ntsuas, koj tsuas haus tau dej nkaus xwb.
- Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom haus luam yeeb thaum qhov kev kawm thiab thaum nws.
- Qib ntawm lub cev qoj ib ce yog dab tsi.
- Kev noj tshuaj (ib qho, tshwj xeeb yog cuam tshuam rau cov piam thaj hauv ntshav) yuav tsum pom zoo nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Kev noj haus yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov pauv: nws tsis tuaj yeem txwv zaub mov lossis haus ntau dhau ntawm cov zaub mov thiab dej cawv. Noj cov carbohydrate tsawg kawg 150 g hauv ib hnub. Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj (pluas mov kawg ua ntej soj ntsuam), nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias cov zaub mov muaj ntawm 30 txog 50 g ntawm carbohydrates.
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev kuaj ntshav qabzib tau ua los ntawm kev noj ntshav qabzib, qhov uas tau suav los ntawm lub cev hnyav - 1.75 g ib 1 kg, tab sis tus nqi tag nrho tsis tuaj yeem tshaj 75 g. Rau cov pojniam xeebtub, kev tshawb fawb yog los ntawm 24 thiab 28 lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub.
Qhov ntsuas tsis yog qhia rau cov nuj nqis saum toj no 7 mmol / l (thaum ntsuas ntawm lub plab khoob), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov nuj nqis ntawd rov tshawb pom.
Tsis tas li, myocardial infarction, kev raug mob uas muaj ntshav ntau, phais, yug menyuam lossis hnyav ntshav uterine hauv ib hlis ua ntej qhov kev kuaj mob yog qhov tsis sib haum rau nws siv.
Cov laj thawj ntawm kev txhim kho mob ntshav qab zib
Ob leeg yug cov roj ntsha (kab mob sib deev) thiab cov ntsiab lus tsim muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev txo qis qabzib tsawg. Kev muaj caj ces caj ces sib kis tau los ntawm cov txheeb ze uas tau mob tuag tes lossis ntshav qab zib.
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas tuaj nrog thiab txhim kho kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov metabolism carbohydrate yog suav tias yog kev rog. Qhov phom sij tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib yog kev txuam nrog cov rog hauv plab. Cov kev ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam pab txhawb kev tsim cov peripheral ntaub so ntswg tiv thaiv cov tshuaj insulin.
Tsis tas li, tus neeg mob lub cev muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav liab, cov roj cholesterol siab, cov tsos mob ntawm atherosclerosis lossis lwm yam kab mob vascular nce qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob latent ntshav qab zib mellitus. Kev ua neej nyob tsis haum xeeb thiab siv cov khoom noj muaj qab zib muaj suab thaj thiab tsiaj muaj roj ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib ntau dua.
Muaj ntau tus kabmob uas koj xav tau los tswj cov ntshav qabzib kom tsis txhob nco txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntshav qab zib. Cov no suav nrog:
- Kab mob siab.
- Cov txheej txheem o hauv cov txiav.
- Lub raum tsis zoo.
- Gout
- Cov kab mob ntawm cov endocrine system nyob rau hauv uas insulin antagonists yog tsim.
- Noj tshuaj hormonal, tshuaj txwv, tshuaj diuretics rau lub sijhawm ntev.
- Thyrotoxicosis.
- Yog tus neeg mob muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoos.
Cov laj thawj rau kev txhim kho kev tsis taus siab rau cov carbohydrates thaum cev xeeb tub suav nrog kev rog, dhau 30 xyoo, yav dhau los polycystic zes qe menyuam, xeeb menyuam hauv plab, yug menyuam, menyuam thaum yug los hnyav dua 4.5 kg.
Vim li cas cov piam thaj tsis kam txo?
Ib qho kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev ua siab ntev rau kev ua kom tsis haum rau cov carbohydrates yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov kua dej hauv cov kua dej thiab ib qho kev poob qis ntawm cov nqaij mos ua rau nws. Kev tsim tawm ntawm cov kua dej yog ua kom los ntawm kev noj zaub mov (tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov carbohydrates), thiab nws tso rau hauv cov ntshav tshwm sim nrog kev nce siab hauv cov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
Kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin tshwm sim thaum raug cov amino acids (leucine thiab arginine), cov tshuaj hormones: cholecystokinin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, glucose-nyob rau insulinotropic peptide, nrog rau cov tshuaj estrogen, sulfonylurea npaj. Kev zais cia kuj nce ntxiv nrog cov ntsiab lus ntau dhau ntawm cov poov tshuaj, calcium, fatty acids uas yog pub dawb hauv cov ntshav.
Txo kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin tshwm sim nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm glucagon, ib yam tshuaj hormone kuj tseem ua nyob rau hauv lub leeg, tab sis los ntawm lwm cov cell.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb uas nyob ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv insulin yog daim siab, cov leeg nqaij thiab cov qog nqaij adipose. Cov keeb hauv cov nqaij no yog cov tshuaj insulin (tiv taus) rau cov tshuaj insulin. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig qis, glycogen synthesis yog inhibited thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntshav qab zib pib.
Daim ntawv mob ntshav qab zib uas ploj lawm kuj yog los ntawm lwm qhov laj thawj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov tshuaj insulin. Cov no suav nrog:
- Ntev foci ntawm o.
- Hnov capillary permeability, uas cuam tshuam kev txav ntawm cov kua dej hauv cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov hlab ntsa.
- Acidosis
- Hloov pauv ntawm tus qauv ntawm insulin.
- Ntxiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub qog adrenal, lub caj pas pituitary lossis lub cev me nyuam (thaum cev xeeb tub).
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib latent
Kev txo qis ntshav qabzib thaum ntxov ntawm kev txhim kho tus kab mob pathology yuav tsis pom nyob thaj chaw kho mob. Cov neeg mob feem ntau muaj lub cev nyhav dhau los, thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam pom tias: kev yoo me nyuam hauv lub cev (ntshav qab zib nyob hauv qhov txhab yog ib txwm los yog siab dua me ntsis), tsis muaj qabzib nyob hauv cov zis.
Cov cim ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib tsis yog qhia meej, tab sis lawv cov cim yuav tsum ceeb toom tus kws kho mob thiab tus neeg mob. Yuav luag txhua zaus, muaj qhov ua tsis tau qabzib nrog ua pob, ua paug rau leeg, khaus rau ntawm chaw mos lossis tawv nqaij, cov pos hniav los ntshav, kab mob ncig, thiab mob ntev ntev.
Lub cev tsis xws luag hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev sib deev tsis muaj zog, kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem, kev ua tsis taus txiv, kev mob plab hnyuv tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Yog tias kev kho mob tsis tau pib raws sijhawm, tom qab ntawd lub tsev kho mob yuav pom zoo ntxiv nrog cov tsos mob uas muaj rau kev mob ntshav qab zib:
- Ua kom qab los ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau khoom qab zib.
- Kev hnov ntawm kev nqhis dej thiab qhov ncauj qhuav, ua kom muaj dej ntau ntxiv.
- Nquag tso zis ntau zaus
- Tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv, nquag muaj mob lossis fungal kab mob.
Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib
Qee zaus, cov tsis siv tshuaj kho rau kev kho. Cov no suav nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo rau ntshav qab zib thiab dosed kev ua si. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov kev sib ntsib yog txo lub cev qhov hnyav nrog nws tshaj. Yog li, kev noj zaub mov noj yuav tsum txwv cov calories ntau vim yog cov carbohydrates yooj yim thiab cov rog ntawm cov tsiaj keeb kwm.
Nquag noj mov pom zoo rau qee ntu 5 lossis 6 zaug hauv ib hnub. Cov zaub mov noj yuav tsum muaj ntau cov zaub tshiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov zaub xam lav lossis kua dej tshiab, cov zaub mov muaj protein tsawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntses thiab kua txiv qab zib, kua txiv tsev.
Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem siv, tshwj tsis yog cov nqaij rog, cov nqaij ntshiv, cov kaus poom nqaij, cov rog rog, cov rog hnyuv ntxwm thiab cov khoom ua tiav. Thawj lub lauj kaub tais diav yog qhov zoo dua los ua noj neeg tsis noj nqaij.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, nws raug pom zoo kom txwv, thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cais tag nrho, los ntawm cov khoom noj xws li khoom lag luam:
- Qab zib, zib ntab, jam.
- Cov kua txiv ntim, kua txiv ntoo thiab kua qab zib.
- Kev ntxig ntxaug, ncuav ncuav.
- Cov khob cij dawb, ci.
- Khoom noj txom ncauj, tej daim.
- Cov khoom noj ceev ceev
- Nyob kas poom txiv.
Kev siv cov semolina, mov, qos yaj ywm, nplej zom rau sab lauj kaub tais diav yog txwv, koj tsis tas yuav xaiv cov txiv tsawb, figs, txiv quav ntswv nyoos, hnub tim, thiab tsev cheese cheese cov khoom qab zib, qab zib yogurts rau cov khoom qab zib.
Ib qho yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib yog suav nrog nyob rau hauv tsoomfwv ntawm lub hnub ntawm kev tawm dag zog. Lawv tuaj yeem xaiv raws li kev nyiam ntawm tus neeg mob, tab sis lub sijhawm ua ntu zus yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 30 feeb nyob rau ib hnub. Rau cov neeg laus dua, taug kev taug kev, taug kev nordic, yoga, ua luam dej, kho kev tawm dag zog, seev cev yog qhov pom zoo.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav qab zib, nrog rau txhim kho kev zom zaub mov, nws pom zoo kom siv cov infusions thiab decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab: txiv ntoo nplooj, liab thiab aronia txiv hmab txiv ntoo, galega nyom, taum nplooj, blueberries nrog ntshav qab zib mellitus lossis lingonberries, raspberries, dandelion keeb kwm, chicory.
Daim vis dis aus hauv tsab xov xwm no tau qhia txog kev txo cov ntshav qab zib.
