Cov cai ntawm cov ntshav qab zib nyob rau hauv tus menyuam ntawm 9 xyoo: dab tsi yuav tsum muaj qib ntawm cov piam thaj?

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Cov ntshav qab zib kom siab yog tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm insulin thiab glucagon, uas tsim ua cov txiav ua kab mob siab. Nws cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones synthesized los ntawm qog adrenal, cov thyroid caj pas thiab cov hlab ntsha khiav haujlwm.

Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm txhua qhov txuas ua rau cov kab mob metabolic, feem ntau ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshwm sim nrog cov teeb meem, qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev noj haus, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin tsis raug lees paub los ntawm txhua tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tiav hluas.

Kev tshawb pom qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis tau txais kev kho mob sai sai ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem. Yog li, txhawm rau kev kuaj mob kom sai, txhua tus menyuam yaus muaj qhov pheej hmoo soj ntsuam cov ntshav qab zib.

Kuaj cov ntshav ntawm ntshav - yam li ib txwm thiab txawv txav

Cov sij hawm dhau los ntawm 9 txog 12 xyoo thiab 4-6 xyoo yog hais txog cov hnub nyoog uas tau pom muaj ntshav qab zib ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Yog li no, txawm tias tus me nyuam tsis zoo li mob, tab sis nws muaj keeb kwm muaj keeb, yuav kuaj ntshav qabzib, electrolytes thiab urinalysis yog qhia.

Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev txheeb xyuas qhov tsis meej yog kuaj ntshav ntawm lub plab tas. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus menyuam yuav tsum yoo tsis txhob noj 8 teev. Tsis txhob noj lossis txhuam hniav thaum sawv ntxov. Tsuas pub haus cov dej haus huv. Ua li no, mob ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem txiav txim tau.

Tus kws kho menyuam yaus lossis tus kabmob endocrinologist kuj tseem yuav muab cov ntshav ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib thiab. Qhov kev txheeb xyuas tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev tau txais khoom noj, nqa thaum lub sijhawm yooj yim. Nrog rau kev ntsuas no, cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem tsuas paub meej.

Yog tias pom tus me nyuam cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav tau pom, tab sis muaj kev ua xyem xyav txog kev kuaj mob, ces yuav siv cov tshuaj qabzib nyob rau hauv ntshav. Rau nws (tom qab ntsuas ceev qab zib), tus me nyuam haus kua dej qabzib. 2 teev tom qab noj cov tshuaj, ntsuas kev ntsuas dua yog nqa tawm.

Kev ntsuam xyuas no yog tsim rau cov menyuam yaus tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob lossis nrog cov tsos mob me, atypical, nrog rau kev xav tias muaj tus kabmob ntshav qab zib hom 2 lossis cov ntshav qab zib tshwj xeeb. Kev kuaj ntshav glycosylated hemoglobin ntau dua yog siv los soj ntsuam tus mob 2 lossis ua pov thawj rau hyperglycemia.

Cov ntshav qab zib cov txiaj ntsig yog kwv yees raws hnub nyoog: rau ib tus menyuam hnub nyoog - 2.75-4,4 mmol / l, thiab cov cai ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov menyuam ntawm 9 xyoo yog qhov ntau yog 3.3-5.5 mmol / l. Yog tias cov piam thaj nce siab, tab sis nce mus rau 6.9 mmol / l, tom qab no qhov no txhais tau tias kev txhim kho sai ntawm glycemia. Txhua qhov ntsuas, pib los ntawm 7 mmol / l yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntshav qab zib.

Cov qauv ntsuas ntshav qab zib kuj tseem muaj:

  1. Yog tias qhov ntsuas ntsuas pom tseeb glycemia sib npaug lossis siab dua 11 mmol / L.
  2. Glycosylated hemoglobin saum 6.5% (dab tsi hauv qab no 5.7%).
  3. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kuaj ntshav qabzib yog siab dua 11 mmol / L (li qub qis dua 7.7 mmol / L).

Yog tias kuaj ntshav tau qhia tias cov ntsuas ntsuas tau zoo dua li qub, tab sis qis dua ntawm kev kuaj ntshav qab zib, tom qab ntawv cov menyuam no tau saib xyuas thiab kuaj ntshav muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib. Xws li cov menyuam yaus yuav luag rov zoo li qub thiab rov qab muaj ntshav qab zib.

Cov mob ntshav qab zib uas ploj mus ntev yog yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob thib ob thiab feem ntau muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev mob metabolic, uas, ntxiv rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav qabzib, muaj cov cim los ntawm cov ntshav siab, ntshav siab thiab rog dhau.

Kev hloov mus rau kev mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam uas tsis tuaj yeem poob ceeb thawj.

Ntxiv rau ntshav qab zib, cov kab mob hauv qab no ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv:

  • Kev ntxhov siab
  • Kev qoj ib ce ua si nyob rau hnub ntawm kev txheeb xyuas.
  • Noj ua ntej ua kev kawm.
  • Mob mob siab lossis mob raum
  • Mob qog noj ntshav.
  • Lwm cov kab mob endocrine.
  • Noj cov tshuaj hormonal los yog siv sijhawm ntev ntawm cov tshuaj tsis-steroidal anti-inflammatory.

Cov piam thaj tsawg hauv cov menyuam yaus muaj feem ntau ua rau mob tshwm sim hauv lub plab, ntuav lossis hnyuv. Nws tshwm sim nrog txo qis ntawm adrenal ua haujlwm, qog pituitary, nrog hypothyroidism thiab cov qog ua haujlwm.

Kev mob ntshav qab zib tsawg yuav ua rau muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab ua rau lub hlwb raug mob, mob nqaij hlav ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.

Ua li cas neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshwm sim?

Yam ntshav qab zib hom 1 yog ob feem peb ntawm kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib thaum tseem yau. Nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kabmob, tus kabmob txiav tawm ntawm kev tso tawm thiab tsim tawm ntawm cov tshuaj insulin. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias beta hlwb hauv nws raug pov tseg los ntawm autoimmune complexes.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 tseem yuav muaj lwm yam kab mob autoimmune: thyroiditis, mob celiac, mob rheumatoid caj dab. Tus kab mob yog hais txog kev txiav txim siab los ntawm noob caj noob ces. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj mob nrog cov neeg txheeb ze muaj ntshav qab zib ntau txog 10 txog 30 feem pua. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas.

Thawj hom ntshav qab zib yog yam ntxwv tsis muaj qhov txaus insulin. Tib lub sijhawm, tsis tuaj yeem siv cov kua nplaum ntev ntawm cov leeg lub zog rau lub zog. Kev tawg ntawm cov protein thiab cov rog pib tsim cov kua nplaum qog ua kua los ntawm lub siab. Kev tawg ua rog ua kom muaj ketone lub cev thiab lub cev ketoacidosis lub neej txoj sia.

Ntshav Qab Zib Hom 2 tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus, tab sis tus lej ntawm nws qhov kev kuaj mob tau nce zuj zus. Raws li txoj cai, cov menyuam yaus muaj mob thaum tiav nkauj tiav nraug. Lub sijhawm no, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej, cov tub ntxhais hluas lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv cov tshuaj insulin tau sau tseg.

Hauv ob hom ntshav qab zib, tib neeg cov insulin tsim tawm, qee zaum txawm tias ntau dhau, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem xa cov piam thaj hauv lub cev vim qhov tseeb tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov insulin receptors. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm nws tshwm sim yog noob neej thiab rog. Ntawm cov menyuam yaus muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, 60 txog 95% muaj cov txheeb ze mob.

Ntawm hom 2 Ntshav Qab Zib, cov menyuam yaus tsim cov teeb meem metabolic:

  1. Txhawb cov roj (cholesterol) ntau ntxiv, ua rau thaum pib mob atherosclerosis.
  2. Arterial kub siab.
  3. Polycystic zes qe menyuam mob.
  4. Rog ua lub siab nkag mus.
  5. Obstructive pw apnea.

Cov cim ntawm ntshav qab zib hauv cov menyuam yaus

Ntshav qab zib Hom 1 ntawm cov menyuam yaus tshwm sim nrog cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog hyperglycemia. Nquag tso zis heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsaus ntuj, tso zis tsis so (tsaus ntuj lossis nruab hnub). Nws yog ib txwm muaj rau cov menyuam yaus uas cov pawm hloov pauv yuav tsum hloov ntau dua thiab lawv hnyav dua.

Cov menyuam yaus haus dej ntau, noj nrog qab los noj mov zoo, tab sis lawv tsis rog vim muaj hnub nyoog. Kev ntxhov siab sai yuav tshwm sim vim lub cev qhuav dej thiab nce ntawm cov protein thiab lipids. Cov kev xaiv Atypical yog qhov tsis nco qab hyperglycemia thiab ketoacidotic coma.

Ib tug menyuam yaus uas muaj thawj hom ntshav qab zib feem ntau yws yws txog qhov tsis muaj zog, npau taws, poob kev txaus siab hauv chav kawm, tsis txaus siab txog qhov muag plooj, tawg ntawm lub qog ua ntshav, ntshav qab zib ntshav daj ntseg, xeev siab thiab mob taub hau tshwm sim.

Qhov thib ob mob ntshav qab zib yog yam ntxwv pom los ntawm chav kawm asymptomatic, nws raug kuaj pom thaum kuaj mob. Tab sis qee tus menyuam yaus yuav muaj tus kabmob sib txawv loj nrog kev txhim kho lub xeev hypoglycemic, hyperosmolar thiab ketoacidotic.

Tus yam ntxwv mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau yog cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. Cov no suav nrog:

  • Seborrheic dermatitis.
  • Neurodermatitis.
  • Khaus khaus daim tawv.
  • Pauj Kev Ntsim Siab.
  • Pob txuv
  • Mob ntsws hawb pob.
  • Ntshav qab zib dermopathy nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm flaky me ntsis.

Rau cov menyuam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kawm ntawv, tus cwj pwm tsis zoo yog qhov tshwm sim ntau zaus ntawm kev muaj ntshav qab zib hauv lub siab vim qhov tseeb tias tus menyuam tsis noj khoom noj raws sijhawm lossis tsis noj mov lossis ntau dua li ib txwm ua ntawm lub cev. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum kho tshuaj insulin.

Lawv tshwm sim hauv kev tawm hws, leeg tshee, tsis muaj zog, mob taub hau, tsis pom kev thiab hnov ​​lus, lub plawv dhia, thiab txhoj puab heev. Tom qab qhov no, tus me nyuam cov kev qhia hauv qhov chaw tau cuam tshuam, nws poob qhov tsis nco qab thiab tuaj yeem poob mus rau hauv lub cev tsis xeev. Yog li, menyuam yaus yuav tsum muaj khoom qab zib txhua hnub nrog lawv, ob peb daim piam thaj lossis kua txiv qab zib.

Qhov ntsuas seb ntshav qab zib li cas yog qhov ib txwm yuav qhia rau tus kws tshaj lij hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.

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