Onglisa: kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev siv tshuaj, cov lus qhia

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Onglisa yog cov tshuaj rau cov ntshav qab zib, cov tshuaj ua kom nquag plias ntawm uas yog saxagliptin. Saxagliptin yog cov tshuaj uas tau siv los kho tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.

Hauv 24 teev tom qab kev tswj hwm, nws inhibits qhov kev ua ntawm qhov enzyme DPP-4. Kev txwv tsis pub cov enzyme thaum sib tham nrog qabzib nce txog 2-3 zaug qib ntawm glucagon-zoo li peptide-1 (hereinafter GLP-1) thiab glucose-dependant insulinotropic polypeptide (HIP), txo qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm glucagon thiab txhawb kev teb ntawm beta hlwb.

Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm insulin thiab C-peptide hauv lub cev nce. Tom qab cov tshuaj insulin raug tso tawm los ntawm beta hlwb ntawm tus txiav thiab glucagon los ntawm alpha hlwb, ceev ceev glycemia thiab postprandial glycemia yog txo qis.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj li nyab xeeb thiab siv tshuaj saxagliptin nyob rau hauv ntau yam tshuaj tau ua tib zoo kawm hauv rau ob qhov kev tshawb fawb placebo, uas koom nrog 4148 cov neeg mob kuaj mob hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.

Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev tshawb fawb, muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv glycated hemoglobin, kev yoo plasma cov piam thaj thiab postprandial qabzib tau sau tseg. Cov neeg mob hauv cov uas saxagliptin monopoly tsis ua cov txiaj ntsig xav tau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj xws li metformin, glibenclamide thiab thiazolidinediones.

Cov lus pov thawj los ntawm cov neeg mob thiab cov kws kho mob: 4 lub lis piam tom qab pib kev kho mob, tsuas yog saxagliptin, qib ntawm glycated hemoglobin poob qis, thiab cov ntshav plasma sai npaum li qis dua tom qab 2 lub lis piam.

Cov ntsuas zoo tib yam tau muab sau cia hauv ib pawg ntawm cov neeg mob uas tau sau tshuaj kho sib xyaw nrog kev sib ntxiv ntawm metformin, glibenclamide thiab thiazolidinedione, cov analogues ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.

Hauv txhua qhov teeb meem, qhov nce hauv lub cev qhov hnyav ntawm cov neeg mob tsis pom.

Thaum ua ntawv thov ongliza

Cov tshuaj yog tshuaj rau cov neeg mob uas kuaj pom tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 hauv qee kis:

  • Nrog monotherapy nrog cov tshuaj no ua ke nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab kev kho zaub mov noj;
  • Nrog txoj kev kho ua ke hauv kev sib xyaw nrog metformin;
  • Thaum tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho mob monotherapy nrog metformin, sulfonylurea derivatives, thiazolidinediones ua ib qho tshuaj ntxiv.

Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj onglise tau dhau los ntawm ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ntsuam xyuas, kev tshuaj xyuas txog nws feem ntau yog qhov zoo, kev kho tuaj yeem tsuas yog pib los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Cov kev tsis sib haum rau kev siv ntawm onglise

Txij li thaum cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm beta thiab alpha cells, mob siab txhawb rau lawv cov kev ua ub no, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv tas li. Cov tshuaj yog contraindicated:

  1. Thaum cev xeeb tub, menyuam yug menyuam thiab lactation.
  2. Cov hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo.
  3. Cov neeg mob uas muaj hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus (kev ua tsis tau kawm).
  4. Nrog cov tshuaj insulin.
  5. Nrog cov ketoacidosis uas mob ntshav qab zib.
  6. Cov neeg mob nrog qog ua ntshav tsis haum.
  7. Nrog tus kheej rhiab rau ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj.

Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj ib qho dab tsi yuav tsum cov lus qhia rau cov tshuaj tsis quav ntsej. Yog tias muaj kev ua xyem xyav txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws txoj kev siv, analog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis lwm txoj kev kho yuav tsum tau xaiv.

Pom zoo kom Muab Tso Cai thiab Cov Thawj Coj

Onglisa yog siv qhov ncauj, tsis hais siv mus noj mov. Qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab pom zoo hauv kev siv tshuaj txhua hnub yog 5 mg.

Yog tias kev sib xyaw ua ke yog nqa tawm, qhov noj tshuaj saxagliptin txhua hnub tseem tsis hloov pauv, qhov tshuaj ntawm metformin thiab sulfonylurea derivatives yog txiav txim siab cais.

Thaum pib ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke siv cov tshuaj metformin, qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj yuav ua raws li hauv qab no:

  • Onglisa - 5 mg ib hnub twg;
  • Metformin - 500 mg ib hnub twg.

Yog tias qhov tsis txaus ntseeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau sau tseg, kev noj tshuaj ntawm metformin yuav tsum kho, nws yog nce ntxiv.

Yog tias, vim li cas, lub sijhawm thaum noj tshuaj ploj, tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj cov ntsiav tshuaj kom sai li sai tau. Nws tsis tsim nyog muab rau koob thib ob zaug ob zaug.

Rau cov neeg mob uas mob raum tsis zoo ua ib qho kab mob concomitant, nws tsis tas yuav kho qhov tshuaj ntawm onglise. Nrog lub raum tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv hnyav thiab mob hnyav ntawm onglis yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg dua - 2.5 mg ib hnub ib zaug.

Yog tias hemodialysis tau ua, onglisa yog coj tom qab xaus ntawm kev sib kho. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm saxagliptin rau cov neeg mob ua mob rau peritoneal lim ntshav tseem tsis tau raug tshawb nrhiav. Yog li, ua ntej pib txoj kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no, kev ntsuam xyuas txaus ntawm lub raum ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau nqa tawm.

Nrog rau daim siab ua haujlwm, onglise tuaj yeem kho tau yam muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv qhov ntsuas thaj tsam nruab nrab - 5 mg ib hnub twg. Rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob laus, onglise siv nyob rau hauv tib qho. Tab sis nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho lub raum ua tsis zoo hauv pawg no ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tau ntau dua.

Tsis muaj kev tshuaj xyuas lossis kev kawm txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo. Yog li, rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nrog rau lwm qhov muaj feem cuam raug xaiv.

Halving qhov ntau npaum ntawm onglise yog yuav tsum yog tias cov tshuaj ib txhij kho nrog hwj chim inhibitors. Nov yog:

  1. ketoconazole,
  2. clarithromycin,
  3. atazanavir
  4. indinavir
  5. igraconazole
  6. nelfinavir
  7. ritonavir
  8. saquinavir thiab telithromycin.

Yog li, qhov ntau kawg rau kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub yog 2.5 mg.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev kho mob ntawm poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov tshwm sim

Nws tsis tau kawm txog tias cov tshuaj muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, thiab seb nws puas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau niam mis, yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tsis tau hais tseg nyob rau lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab pub mis rau menyuam. Nws raug nquahu kom siv lwm yam tshuaj noj los yog txwv tsis pub niam mis.

Feem ntau, ua raws li cov tshuaj thiab cov lus pom zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, cov tshuaj tau zoo raug zam, muaj qee zaus, raws li kev tshuaj xyuas pom tseeb, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem pom:

  • Ntuav
  • Mob plab zom mov;
  • Mob taub hau;
  • Kev tsim cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov kab mob siab;
  • Kis kab mob ntawm cov genitourinary system.

Yog tias muaj ib lossis ntau cov tsos mob, koj yuav tsum tau ncua kev siv tshuaj lossis kho kev noj tshuaj.

Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, txawm hais tias onglise tau siv rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv kev siv tshuaj ntau dua qhov pom zoo 80 zaug, tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom tau sau tseg. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tshuaj tawm hauv lub cev thaum ua txhaum kev haus dej haus cawv, txoj kev ntsuas ntawm geomdialysis siv.

Dab tsi ntxiv uas yuav tsum paub

Onglis tsis yog kws tshuaj nrog insulin lossis hauv kev kho mob triple nrog metformin thiab thiazolididones, vim kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm lawv cov kev cuam tshuam tsis tau ua. Yog tias tus neeg mob tau mob me ntsis mus rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, qhov kev muab tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tau ua kom tsawg. Tus mob ntshav qab zib nrog lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm zoo yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam tas li ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub raum thaum kho.

Nws tau raug tsim los hais tias sulfonylureas derivatives tuaj yeem ua rau tus mob ntshav qab zib tsawg. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob mob ntshav qab zib, qhov ntau ntawm sulfonylurea hauv kev sib xyaw nrog onglise kev kho mob yuav tsum tau kho. Ntawd yog, txo.

Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj keeb kwm kev tiv thaiv tsis haum rau lwm tus uas zoo ib yam li DPP-4 inhibitors, saxagliptin tsis yog yam tshuaj. Raws li kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no rau cov neeg laus (laus dua 6 xyoo), tsis muaj lus ceeb toom hauv qhov no. Onglisa muaj kev thev taus thiab ua rau nws tus qauv ib yam li hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg mob.

Txij li cov khoom lag luam muaj cov lactose, nws tsis haum rau cov neeg uas muaj kev tsis txaus siab rau cov khoom no, lactose tsis txaus, qabzib-galactose malabsorption.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm lub peev xwm tsav tsheb thiab lwm yam cuab yeej siv uas yuav tsum muaj kev kub siab ntawm kev saib xyuas tsis tau kawm tag nrho.

Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tsav tsheb, tab sis nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kiv taub hau thiab mob taub hau tau sau tseg.

Kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Raws li kev soj ntsuam hauv chav kho mob, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm onglise nrog lwm cov tshuaj, yog tias noj ib txhij, nws yog tsawg heev.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau tsim kom muaj li cas kev haus luam yeeb, kev haus dej haus cawv, kev siv tshuaj ntsuab hauv tsev, lossis zaub mov noj zaub mov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj, vim tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb hauv thaj chaw no.

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