Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho ntshav qab zib yog kev noj haus. Kev tswj cov carbohydrates, piam thaj thiab qhov loj me yuav pab rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tsis txaus thiab txo qhov hnyav dua.
Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws thiab tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob endocrine. Txhua tus neeg uas tau txais kev kuaj mob no paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Qhov tseeb,noj ntshav qab zib - Qhov no yog qhov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb uas txhim kho cov mob ទូទៅ.
Khoom noj khoom haus yooj yim
Vim tias lub cev tsis zoo, qhov rhiab ntawm hlwb mus rau insulin tuaj yeem txo qis ua ntej kev kuaj mob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav qabzib tsis muaj kev kwv yees rau nws txo qis. Lub Hom Phiajnoj ntshav qab zib muaj nyob rau hauv rov qab rau cov hlwb muaj peev xwm metabolize piam thaj.
Lus pom zoo ntawm yuav noj li cas thiaj li muaj ntshav qab zib, muaj daim ntawv nram qab no:
- Calorie kom tsawg cov khoom noj muaj nqis;
- Zog tus nqi yog sib npaug nrog cov nqi zog tiag tiag;
- Noj cov zaub mov me me, tab sis nquag;
- Noj mov uas yog tib lub zog nqi;
- Qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov carbohydrates poob rau thawj hnub thiab thib ob noj tshais;
- Noj thaum tib lub sijhawm, uas ua rau kom lub cev tsis ua haujlwm li qub;
- Siv cov khoom qab zib;
- Muab qhov nyiam rau cov khoom qab zib uas muaj cov rog cov zaub (yogurt, txiv laum huab xeeb);
- Ntau yam kev noj hauskev noj haus rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zibtsis muaj qhov khoom tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb;
- Noj cov zaub mov muaj suab thaj tsuas yog thaum noj zaub mov tseem ceeb;
- Kev tswj nruj ntawm cov khoom noj yooj yim zom thiab cov carbohydrates;
- Txwv tsis pub siv cov tsiaj rog;
- Kev nquag noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, berries thiab zaub, tshwj xeebnrog hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib thiab rog dhau;
- Tsis kam ntsev;
- Txwv txiav cov cawv mus rau ib qho noj ib hnub.
Glycemic Performance index: nws yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws xav tau?
Daim ntawv qhia glycemic (GI) yog qhov ntsuas uas qhia txog cov khoom lag luam ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem ua rau qab zib kev loj hlob. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav txog GI thaum kos duabcov zaub mov muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2.
Txhua cov khoom muaj nws tus kheej GI. Qhov siab dua nws tus nqi, sai dua cov ntshav qab zib cov ntshav yuav nce siab tom qab nws siv. Txhua yam khoom, nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas no tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Nrog siab GI (los ntawm 70 units);
- Nrog nruab nrab GI (41-70 units);
- Tsawg GI (txog 40 units).
Ntawv qhia zaub mov rau cov mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum ua raws li qhov nyiam ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrog tsawg thiab tsawg zaus nrog qhov nruab nrab. Qhov tshwj tsis yog muaj cov zaub mov GI siab yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig hauv qhov kev kuaj mob no. Tus kws kho mob uas koom nrog yuav tsum paub txog lawv kev koom nrog kev noj haus.
Lub khob cij qhiav yog dab tsi?
Cov khoom noj muaj cov khoom noj carbohydrates sib txawv hauv cov calorie suav, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab rau cov kev ntsuas no, muaj ib qho tseem ceeb tus nqi - chav ua noj ncuav (XE) siv rau cov ntshav qab zib.
Tsis hais txog ntawm cov khoom lag luam, ib chav ua noj qhob cij cuam tshuam 12 txog 15 g ntawm zom cov zaub mov carbohydrates. Nws txoj kev noj yuav ua rau kom cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv los ntawm 2.8 mmol / l thiab qhov xav tau haus 2 pawg ntawm cov kua dej.
Chav tsev no tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg xav tau cov tshuaj insulin. Thaum tsis suav cov kev suav thiab kev suav sau tsis raugcov pluas noj ntawmmob ntshav qab zib, cov neeg mob yuav tuaj yeem ntsib hypo- thiab hyperglycemia.
Rau ib hnub, ib tug neeg yuav tsum haus txog 19-24 XE. Tus nqi no raug faib ntau tshaj li 5-6 pluas noj, suav nrog tshuaj yej thaum tav su. Qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm carbohydrates yuav tsum nyob hauv thawj theem. Piv txwv li, 1 XE tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm 0.5 khob buckwheat lossis oatmeal, ib qho kua, 25 g ntawm qhob cij.
Khoom Noj Khoom Haus Ntshav Qab Zib 1 Ntshav Qab Zib
Txij li hom 1 yog cov tshuaj insulin, nws txoj kev kho mob cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv kom raug ntawm kev kho tshuaj insulin. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kev pom ua ke zoo ntawm cov tshuaj thiab tshwj xeebcov pluas noj rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zibCov. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no yuav txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm dhia hauv cov piam thaj hauv ntshav thiab cov teeb meem tom ntej. Cov khoom noj dab tsi tuaj yeem noj tau, thiab nyob rau hauv seb muaj ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum tsuas yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob, vim tias hom kab mob no txaus ntshai heev.
Rau qhov muab xam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj tau ua tiav thiab nws cov nqi zog, ib lub khob cij siv. Thaum tsis muaj lub cev nyhav dhau los thiab kev xaiv cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws lub hom phiaj yog txiav txim siab nruj ntawm qhov ntim ntawm carbohydrates thiab nws cov kev tswj hwm.
Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab kev noj haus yog:
- Kev xam tseeb ntawm XE rau txhua qhov kev pab, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj 8 units;
- Muab xam los ntawm cov ntau npaum ntawm cov kua dej rau txhua theem ntawm kev noj haus;
- Ib qho kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov dej qab zib, suav nrog kua txiv, dej qab, dej qab zib thiab lwm yam.
Khoom Noj Khoom Haus Ntshav Qab Zib 2 Ntshav Qab Zib
Cov laj thawj muaj feem ntau vim li cas cov kab mob pathology no muaj qhov hnyav dhau. Vim li ntawdhom mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb los txo qis ntawm kev rog. Txhim kho cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov hlwb yuav pab tau kom yoog kom haum rau hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog kev tawm dag zog ib txwm muaj.
Feem ntau, cov khoom noj rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib muab tso ua ke los ntawm tus kws endocrinologist uas coj mus rau hauv tus account tus yam ntxwv thiab tus mob ntawm tus neeg mob. Ntau yam tseem ceeb rau hauv, suav nrog kev hnyav, tib neeg kev ua si, hnub nyoog, muaj cov kab mob ntev ntev, thiab ntau ntxiv.
Qhov yuav tsum tau kwv yees rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav yog:
- Cov poj niam - 20 kcal;
- Txiv neej - 25 kcal.
Yam 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog tas mus li, yog li ntawd nws implies ntau yam qab thiab tib lub sijhawm noj qab haus huv zaub mov. Tib lub sijhawm, kev noj cov zaub mov muaj calorie ntau yog tsawg, uas ua rau cov qib nraub hauv lub ntsej muag muaj zog.
Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Noj
Ua kom koj cov khoom noj kom zoontshav qab zib hom 2 siv cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no:
- Raws li thawj lub tais, me ntsis feeb meej ntses, nqaij lossis zaub broth yog qhov tsim nyog. Yog xav tau nws, thawj zaug dej yog nqus, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd ib qho zaub mov tau npaj. Borsch lossis nqaij kua zaub tuaj yeem noj ib zaug ib asthiv.
- Rau hom tais thib ob, cov khoom noj noj tsis xyaw nqaij (nqaij, nqaij qaib ntxhw, quail thiab lwm tus), thiab cov ntses muaj roj tsawg (pike, hake, pollock thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem siv.
- Los ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis, nws tsim nyog muab kev nyiam rau cov khoom noj muaj mis nyuj, kefir, tsev cheese thiab cov kua mis nyeem qaub tsawg.
- Ntawv qhia zaub mov rau ntshav qab zib tej zaum yuav muaj cov qe qaib nyob hauv qhov tsis ntau tshaj 5 daim nyob hauv ib lub lis piam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev noj ntawm yolks yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
- Oat, pearl barley lossis pob tawb buckwheat raug tso cai rau siv tsis ntau tshaj ib zaug ib hnub.
- Yam yuavtsum tau kawm uantej rau lub koomhaumcov zaub mov zoo rau ntshav qab zib ob leeg 1 thiab 2 hom yog kev siv cov zaub uas muaj kua: txhua hom zaub qhwv, taum pauv, taum thiab lwm yam khoom noj, txiv lws suav, dib, zaub ntsuab thiab lwm yam.
- Cov zaub uas muaj cov piam thaj ntau thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab (beets, qos yaj ywm, carrots) tuaj yeem siv tau hauv 3-4 hnub.
- Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv nrog ntau cov vitamin C (cranberries, currants, txiv kab ntxwv);
- Cov feem ntawm cov ncuav thiab cov hmoov nplej txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 300 g.
- Ua khoom noj qab zib, khoom qab zib tshwj xeeb nrog cov piam thaj hloov, nrog rau ncuav qab zib ncuav, tuaj yeem siv tau.
- Ntawm cov dej qab zib, kua txiv lws suav, dej ntxhia tsis muaj roj, dej rosehip, mis thiab tsis muaj zog brewed zoo dua.
Cov Khoom Txwv Txwv
Tseem muajtxwv zaub mov rau ntshav qab zibCov. Cov no suav nrog:
- Qab zib, bakery cov khoom ntawm hwm thiab qib 1 hmoov;
- Khoom qab zib, suav nrog jam, muffin, ice cream;
- Caum kauv Macaroni
- Mov thiab semolina porridge;
- Taub dag, pob kws thiab taub dag;
- Tsawb, dib thiab lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplua nuj nyob hauv qab zib thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab;
- Cov tsiaj rog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nqaij nyug thiab mutton;
- Tsis txhob noj nrog ntshav qab zib hom 2 glazed curd khoom qab zib, muaj ntxhiab thiab tsw yogurts, curd loj thiab lwm yam khoom.
- Cov zaub mov ntse heev;
- Ib qho dej cawv.
Qauv ntawv qhia zaub mov rau lub lim tiam
Tsis suavdab tsi koj tsis tuaj yeem noj nrog ntshav qab zib thiab, paub txog cov khoom lag luam zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua kwv yeescov ntawv qhia zaub mov noj txhua hnub rau hom ntshav qab zib 2 nrog zaub mov txawv.
Hnub Monday
- Thawj tshais: 70 g ntawm grated carrots, 5 g ntawm plums. roj, 200 g steamed oatmeal, tshuaj yej;
- Thib ob noj tshais: kua lossis txiv kab ntxwv, tshuaj yej;
- Noj su: 250 g ntawm lean borsch, 100 g ntawm zaub xam lav ntawm zaub tshiab raws caij nyoog, 70 g ntawm stewed zaub lossis stew, qhob cij;
- Khoom txom ncauj: 1 nruab nrab txiv kab ntxwv, tshuaj yej;
- Ua ntej noj hmo: 150 g cij ntawm cov nqaij nyuj uas tsis muaj rog lossis cheesecakes, 70 g ntawm ntsuab peas, tshuaj yej;
- Noj hmo ob: kefir.
Hnub Tuesday
- Thawj pluas tshais: 70 g ntawm grated carrots nrog kua, 50 g ntawm cov nqaij ntses los sis cov ntses ncuav, ib qho mov ci, tshuaj yej;
- Thib ob tshais: 100 g stew lossis zaub xas, tshuaj yej;
- Noj su: 250 g ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv kua zaub, 70 g ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv uas tsis muaj nqaij xyaw, 1 lub txiv kab ntxwv lossis txiv kab ntxwv, ib qho hlais ntawm pob cij, compote;
- Khoom txom ncauj: 100 g cheesecakes lossis zaub txhwb, khob ntawm decoction ntawm qhuav rosehip berries;
- Thawj noj hmo: 150 g chav cutlets, 1 lub qe qaib, ib qho hlais;
- Noj hmo thib ob: ib khob ntawm kefir.
Hnub Wednesday
- Thawj tshais: 150 g ntawm hau buckwheat, 150 g ntawm tsev cheese, tshuaj yej;
- Thib ob noj tshais: cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav compote;
- Noj su: 250 g ntawm cov zaub hau, 75 g ntawm nqaij siav, 100 g ntawm boiled zaub qhwv, compote;
- Khoom txom ncauj: ib qho kua nruab nrab;
- Thawj zaug noj hmo: 150 g ntawm zaub stew, 100 g ntawm meatballs, qhob cij, ib tug decoction ntawm qus sawv berries;
- Qhov noj hmo thib ob: 250 ml ntawm cov kua mis uas tsis muaj rog.
Hnub Thursday
- Thawj tshais: 150 g ntawm cov nplej siav thiab 70 g ntawm beets, 50 g ntawm cheese, kas fes tsis muaj zog;
- Noj su: 1 nruab nrab txiv kab ntxwv qaub;
- Noj su: 250 g ntawm ntses kua zaub, 150 g ntawm nqaij siav, 70 g ntawm caviar los ntawm zucchini, qhob cij, dej;
- Khoom txom ncauj: 100 g shredded cabbage, tshuaj yej unsweetened;
- Thawj noj hmo: 170 g ntawm zaub xam lav, 150 g ntawm hau buckwheat, ib daim ntawm qhob cij, tshuaj yej tsis muaj suab thaj;
- Thib ob hmo: 250 g ntawm mis.
Hnub Friday
- Thawj pluas tshais: 150 g shredded cabbage nrog txiv qaub kua txiv, 100 g tsev cheese, qhob cij, tshuaj yej lossis kas fes haus;
- Thib ob tshais: 1 nruab nrab lub kua, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav Uzvar;
- Noj su: 200 g ntawm cov kua zaub ntshiv, 150 g ntawm goulash, 50 g ntawm stewed zaub, qhob cij, txiv hmab txiv ntoo stewed;
- Khoom txom ncauj: 100 g ntawm cov txiv ntoo tshiab lossis txiv ntoo jelly los ntawm lawv, tshuaj yej;
- Ua ntej noj hmo: 150 g ntawm ci ntses, 150 g ntawm mis nyuj-based cereal, qhob cij, tshuaj yej;
- Noj hmo thib ob: 250 ml ntawm kefir.
Hnub Saturday
- Thawj tshais: 250 g ntawm oatmeal siav nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj, 70 g ntawm grated carrots, ib daim ntawm qhob cij, tshuaj yej;
- Noj su: 100 g ntawm cov txiv ntoo tshiab tshiab, kua txiv qab zib;
- Noj su: 200 g ntawm zaub los yog nqaij kua zaub, 150 g ntawm daim siab, 50 g ntawm mov porridge, ib daim ntawm qhob cij, khob ntawm compote;
- Khoom txom ncauj: 1 nruab nrab txiv kab ntxwv qaub, tshuaj yej;
- Thawj noj hmo: 200 g ntawm pearl barley porridge, 70 g ntawm caviar los ntawm zucchini, ib daim ntawm qhob cij, tshuaj yej;
- Thib ob noj hmo: ib khob ntawm tsawg-rog kefir.
Sawv Rov Los
- Thawj tshais: 250 g ntawm hau buckwheat, 70 g ntawm beets, 50 g ntawm cheese, qhob cij, tshuaj yej;
- Thib ob tshais: 1 kua, dej;
- Noj su: 250 g ntawm legume kua zaub, 150 g ntawm nqaij qaib pilaf, 70 g ntawm stewed zaub, ib daim ntawm qhob cij, cranberry txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus;
- Khoom txom ncauj: 1 nruab nrab txiv kab ntxwv, tshuaj yej tsis qab zib;
- Thawj noj hmo: 200 g ntawm lub taub dag, 100 g ntawm steamed cutlets thiab zaub stew, qhob cij, txiv hmab txiv ntoo stewed;
- Noj hmo thib ob: ib khob ntawm kefir.
Noj: lub rooj tooj 9
Cov zaub mov tus lej 9 xav txognoj dab tsi nrog ntshav qab zib1 thiab 2 homCov. Nws tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob no thiab siv dav dav hauv tsev kho mob thiab hauv tsev kho mob.
Hauv cov caij nyoog hauv Soviet, tus kws tshawb fawb M. Pevzner txiav txim siab qhov twgmob ntshav qab zib cov khoom noj tau thiab ua tau dab tsi. Kev noj haus txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj tus nqi hauv qab no:
- 300 g ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- 250 ml ntawm freshly nyem kua txiv;
- 100 g ntawm nceb;
- 0.5 l ntawm cov rog tsawg-rog kefir;
- 90 g ntawm zaub;
- 300 g ntawm kev noj haus cov nqaij, ntses;
- 200 g ntawm tsev cheese;
- 200 g ntawm porridge lossis tib tus nqi ntawm cov qos yaj ywm;
- 150 g ntawm qhob cij.
Thiab, noj haus No. 9 qhia txognoj dab tsi nrog ntshav qab zib cov tais diav:
- Thawj cov kev kawm: lean kua zaub thiab borsch, zaub qhwv kua zaub, okroshka, kua zaub beetroot, kua zaub kua zaub, kua zaub nrog nqaij lossis ntses;
- Ntses: hau, ci lossis stewed muaj roj ntau hom ntses thiab nqaij nruab deg (cod, hake, pike);
- Nqaij: minced, stewed lossis hau nqaij ntawm qaib cov txwv, nqaij qaib, quail, luav lossis nqaij menyuam;
- Khoom noj txom ncauj: salted herring, aspic los ntawm ntses los yog nqaij, cov rog tsis tshua muaj rog, vinaigrette, zaub xas lav thiab caviar;
- Los ntawm cov qe: raws li ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm zaub mov, ib qho omelet los ntawm cov nqaijrog, qe muag-qe;
- Khoom qab zib: txiv ntoo jelly, jam, txiv ntoo qab zib, mousse, marmalade;
- Dej qab zib: unsweetened kas fes los sis weakly brewed tshuaj yej, ib tug decoction ntawm Rose duav, pob zeb hauv av tseem dej.
Thaum noj haus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tsis yog mob ntshav qab zib haus hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej qab zib nrog rau ntxiv qab zib.
Nrog lub luag haujlwm kev paub thiab kev paub uas yog ua tau thiabdab tsi koj tsis tuaj yeem noj nrog ntshav qab zib, muaj qhov txo qis hauv qhov hnyav dua thiab kev ua kom zoo dua rau qhov dav dav ntawm tus neeg mob. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo nrog lub cev qoj ib nrab yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub thiab nres tus kab mob sai.
