Lovastatin (ntsiav tshuaj lovastatin) yog thawj-thawj lipid-txo tshuaj. Nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam zoo rau ob feem ntawm cov roj cholesterol tsawg thiab vim li cas rau kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj.
Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab siv cov tshuaj ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, cov khoom ua haujlwm nquag yog ntuj rau neeg lub cev. Hauv cov koob tshuaj me me, lawv nyob hauv qee yam zaub mov, piv txwv li, hauv oyster nceb.
Cov tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntsiav tshuaj coated nrog ib tug tiv thaiv txheej. Xim txawv los ntawm dawb mus rau daj, nws suav nrog calcium lovastatin, pob kws nplej siab, silicon dioxide, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate. Hauv cov khw muag tshuaj, Lovastatin ntsiav tshuaj tuaj yeem nqus tau hauv ntau qhov tshuaj noj: 20, 20 lossis 40 mg.
Pharmacological kev txiav txim
Tom qab nkag mus rau tib neeg lub plab zom mov, cov ntsiav tshuaj muaj kev ntxim rau cov enzymes, tau maj mam tawg thiab nqus tau los ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm lub plab zom mov. Qhov nqus ntshav ncaj qha nyob ntawm kev haus ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj, ntau dua qhov nws yog, cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw sai nkag rau hauv cov hlab ntshav.
Hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov khoom tsim cov ntawv sib txuas nrog cov protein, uas ua rau kom nkag mus sai ntawm txhua cov ntaub so ntswg, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob. Kev kho mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob qho kev qhia ntawm ib zaug, ua rau cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws ntawm statins.
Thaum pib, Lovastatin cuam tshuam kev tsim khoom hauv cov cholesterol, tsis tso cai rau reductase hloov pauv mus rau mevalonate. Ntawm cov theem tom ntej, kev nrawm catabolism ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsawg, triglycerides, thiab cov roj cholesterol siab yog nce nyob hauv ib nrab.
Yog li, cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj kho sai thiab ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov roj cholesterol tom qab. Vim yog cov metabolism nrawm:
- nruam tsis ntau tshaj ib feem pua;
- ib nrab-lub neej yog peb teev;
- cov nyhuv kav ntev txog 14 teev.
Kev nqhis ntawm cov tshuaj nquag tshwm sim feem ntau los ntawm txoj hnyuv, cov seem los ntawm lub raum nrog zis.
Qhov kev kho mob ruaj khov ua kom pom tseeb tom qab ob lub lim tiam ntawm kev siv tshuaj tsis tu ncua, cov tshuaj nce mus txog nws cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws tom qab ib hlis thiab ib nrab ntawm kev kho mob.
Nrog rau siv ntev, cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm Lovastatin tsis txo.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj
Cov tshuaj Lovastatin raug pom zoo rau kev kho mob ntawm hom mob hypercholesterolemia. Nws kuj tseem siv yog tib qho kev sib koom ua ke nrog kev siv tshuaj tsis yog tshuaj (kev siv dag zog, kev noj haus).
Cov ntsiav tshuaj tau kho rau kev kho mob hyperlipoproteinemia, ua ke hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Ua ke nrog cov tshuaj, kev siv cov roj tsis muaj rog, cov qhia txog cov vitamins thiab minerals muaj.
Kev noj zaub mov kom lub cev thiab ua si tawm dag zog me ntsis tau pom zoo nrog cov tshuaj. Kev siv cov tshuaj muab cov kev pheej hmoo tsawg kawg ntawm kev hloov ntawm hom 1 thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus rau hauv ntau cov ntawv uas muaj ntau yam.
Lovastatin tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog kev siv cov tshuaj qab zib-txo qis, nws yog qhia rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Kev siv cov tshuaj nrog cov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev rov huam dua yog qhia:
- tus cwj nrag;
- myocardial infarction;
- mob ntsws vwm.
Nws raug noj los ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv txha caj qaum txhaws txhaws, tsis muaj dab tsi npau taws tsis haum ntawm lub ntsws, ua rau mob hlab ntsha hlwb.
Lawv pib noj tshuaj thaum uas tsis yog-pharmacological txoj kev kho mob tsis tau muab cov txiaj ntsig cov txiaj ntsig. Tsis zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj statins uas siv ib hnub ib zaug, lovastatin tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov tshuaj sib npaug nrog kev ncua sij hawm ntawm 12 teev.
Thawj cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 10 mg, yav tom ntej (nyob ntawm lub pathology thiab qhov nyuaj), cov tshuaj tau nce ntxiv txhua 2-4 lub lis piam. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 80 mg tuaj yeem noj thaum nruab hnub.
Ib qho tseem ceeb txo qis hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov roj zoo li cov tshuaj ntawm tsawg thiab tsawg kawg ntom ntom ntaw yuav tsum txo qis hauv cov tshuaj. Hauv ib lub lis piam, cov tshuaj raug txo tsawg los ntawm 10 mg. Tsis tas li, cov koob tshuaj tuaj yeem txo los ntawm ib nrab, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog txiav txim siab yog tias:
- haus cawv ntau dhau;
- dhau ib chav ntawm immunosuppressants;
- mob ntev ntawm daim siab mob ntawm tej etiology.
Cov koob tshuaj txo qis yog nqa tawm thaum kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj anticoagulants.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua ke Lovastatin nrog cov cyclosporins, vim tias qhov no nws yuav nyuaj rau taug qab qhov kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj nquag hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg mob.
Contraindications, phiv tshuaj tiv thaiv, overdose
Nrog rau ntshav qab zib, ib cov tshuaj tawm tsam cov rog hauv siab tsis haum rau txhua tus neeg mob. Yog li, contraindications suav nrog tus neeg tsis kam mus rau kev ua haujlwm lossis koom nrog tshuaj, kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm transaminases hauv lub siab, thiab daim siab ua haujlwm.
Cov kws kho mob tsis kam sau Lovastatin thaum cev xeeb tub ntawm ib lub sijhawm thiab thaum pub niam mis, rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj rau cov neeg mob ntawm cov pab pawg no tsis tau muaj pov thawj, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho tsis tau kawm.
Feem ntau, cov tshuaj kuj muab cov nyom tsis zoo. Ib tus ntawm kuv yog myopathy. Yog tias muaj qhov rub tawm qhov mob thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg ntawm sab nraub qaum, koj yuav tsum sab laj tus kws kho mob kom muab tswv yim. Raws li kev lees paub ntawm tus mob myopathy, cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob raug nres, tus neeg mob yog tshuaj kho mob analogues.
Lub cev yug menyuam tsis suav nrog kev txo qis hauv libido, erectile kawg, gynecomastia. Nyob rau ib feem ntawm cov plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm lub zeem muag, liab lub qhov muag, qhov muag plooj, qhov muag plooj tau sau tseg.
Lwm qhov tsis xav tau ntawm kev kho mob yog txoj kev hloov kab mob ntawm daim siab. Vim li no, nrog kev nkag siab rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, kev tshawb xyuas kab mob biochemical ntawm daim siab yog yuav tsum muaj txhua txhua peb lub hlis.
Nrog rau kev nce ntawm kev ua ntawm transaminases rau theem siab, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsum tsis txhob noj cov ntsiav tshuaj. Tsis tas li, tshem tawm ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum muaj kev phiv:
- xeev siab
- ntuav
- zawv plab
- daim tawv nqaij ua pob;
- khaus
Raws li cov kws kho mob, Lovastatin yog ib qho tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb uas zoo rau kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kev mob atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau, txawm hais tias siv lub sijhawm ntev, nws zoo rau lub cev ua haujlwm dhau los, nws yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis xav tau.
Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 2012, ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav uas qhia txog lwm cov kev phiv. Ntawm lawv yog qhov nco ploj, ib nrab hnov qab, cuam tshuam thiab pauv mus ob peb vas.
Yog hais tias tus mob ntshav qab zib tau noj ntau dua koob tshuaj, nws tau raug xaj kom kho tus mob. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum haus cov dej huv kom ntau li ntau tau, nqa cov dej kom nqus dej thiab nqus dej ntawm qhov ncauj. Cov qhia ntawm kev kho mob nkeeg kuj tau qhia. Hemodialysis tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tshwm sim, tab sis nws tsuas yog tsim nyog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev mob hnyav dhau ntawm kev haus ntau dhau.
Tom qab noj ntau dhau, ib chav kawm thib ob ntawm kev kho mob pib tsis muaj ua ntej dhau 6 lub hlis thiab ib txwm nyob hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Lovastatin analogues
| Npe | Nqe hauv rubles |
| Medostatin | 550 |
| Mevacor | 220 |
| Cardiostatin | 240 |
| Rovacor | 390 |
| Holartar | 190 |
| Lovacor | 280 |
| Lovasterol | 200 |
Thaum twg, vim qee yam, Lovastatin tsis haum rau cov ntshav qab zib, nws tsis pom cov tshuaj hauv cov tsev muag tshuaj ze tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj analogue ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj no zoo ib yam hauv cov tshuaj nquag, tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj qub.
Rau Lovastatin, tus nqi yog li ntawm 180 txog 300 rubles. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov tshuaj tau yog txawm pheej yig dua ntau cov analogues. Koj tuaj yeem yuav hauv lub khw muag tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj los ntawm kws kho mob.
Kev tshuaj xyuas txog cov tshuaj rau hauv qhov ntau yog qhov zoo.
Yeeb tshuaj sib cuam tshuam
Kev siv tshuaj ib txhij nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua rau lub zog myopathy txoj kev loj hlob, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm myopathy tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv lub sij hawm ntau ntawm cov kua txiv kab ntxwv qaub ntau dua.
Yog tias tus mob ntshav qab zib yuav siv Lovastatin nrog Warfarin, nws muaj kev pheej hmoo ntxiv los ntshav. Thaum kho nrog Colestiramin, lub bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj txo qis, vim li no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj qhov ncua sij hawm 2-4 teev nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj.
Thaum cov tshuaj ua ke nrog cov tshuaj anticoagulants, coumarin derivatives, ntshav nce ntxiv thiab lub sijhawm prothrombin nce ntxiv. Cov tshuaj paub txog cov neeg mob thaum uas mob ntshav qab zib tau tsim muaj cov ntshav siab hyperkalemia.
Cov tshuaj txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Yog tias cov twb tau kuaj pom lawm, cov tshuaj yuav pab:
- ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg ntsa;
- qis qis-cov roj (cholesterol) kom tsawg;
- txhim kho kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm tus neeg mob.
Thaum lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, cov ntsiav tshuaj tau noj ntau npaum li cas ntawm 20 mg. Thaum siv nrog kev sib txuam nrog tshuaj los txwv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis pub ntau tshaj 20 mg ntawm cov tshuaj ib hnub tseem muaj npe.
Lub sijhawm kho cov mob ntshav qab zib, cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus nrog cov roj (cholesterol) qis. Nws raug nquahu los ntawm lub sijhawm ib zaug txhawm rau txhawm rau soj ntsuam lub siab ntawm cov roj-zoo li cov roj ntsha hauv ntshav, ntsuas kev kuaj ntshav. Nws yog qhov sib npaug tseem ceeb los saib xyuas cov neeg mob feem ntau. Kos npe hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau muab txhais tau tias txhais tau tias yuav yog qab zib thiab mob nqaij.
Cov kws tshaj lij yuav tham txog cov statins hauv kev yees duab hauv kab lus no.
