COV TSHUAJ RAU TXO COV NTSHAV SIAB: COV NPE TSHUAJ ZOO TSHAJ PLAWS, TSHUAJ NOJ TSHIAB

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Cov roj (cholesterol) siab ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv. Yuav kom txo nws, pawg ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua kom cov lipid metabolism tsis txaus siab tau raug npaj.

Lawv tau raug txiav txim siab raws li kev coj ntawm tus kabmob thiab cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.

Pawg thiab cais

Cov roj (cholesterol) ntau dhau nyob hauv lub cev thiab muab tso rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha.

Feem ntau qhov no ua rau cov kab mob plawv, mob plawv nres thiab hlab ntsha tawg. Kev siv ntau yam tshuaj yog siv los txo qib ntawm cov rog hauv cov rog.

Daim ntawv no suav nrog:

Statins yog cov enzyme blockers uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov cholesterol.
Niacin - txo LDL, txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
Cov tshuaj uas ua rau kom nqus tsawg - nres qhov nqus ntawm cov cholesterol nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv, nws tso tawm rau hauv cov ntshav.
Fibroic acids yog cov tshuaj rau txo cov roj triglycerides.
Sequestrants ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub - tshem cov kua tsib tshaj hauv lub cev.

Txhua yam tshuaj kho tau nws tus kheej, contraindications thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab cov kws kho raws cov neeg mob keeb kwm thiab ntsuas tsis tau.

Statins, lawv lub zog thiab daim ntawv thov nta

Statins yog cov tshuaj uas txo cov roj (cholesterol). Lawv qhov kev ua yog tsom rau inhibiting qhov enzyme, uas ua rau kev tsim thiab txhim kho LDL (cov roj (cholesterol) tsis zoo).

Statins yog sawv cev los ntawm 4 tiam, tom kawg tau txiav txim siab zoo tshaj. Lub npe tshuaj yog HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

Hauv lub siab, ua rau cov roj (synthesis) qeeb qeeb, thiab cov ntshav muaj tsawg, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsawg.

Cov pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj normalizes ntshav zoo, txhim kho lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha, block thrombosis thiab atherosclerotic plaques. Thaum noj cov tshuaj muaj statins, yuav muaj qee yam cov piam thaj txo qis. Qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los thaiv kev tsim cov nplooj siab enzymes.

Nrog rau kev siv kom muaj zog li qub, muaj ib qho kev txo cov roj (cholesterol) los ntawm ib qho nruab nrab 40%. Siv los tiv thaiv cov mob stroke thiab lub plawv nres. Nws yog siv rau hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, mob plawv. Statins muaj qhov ua rau lub siab.

Thaum kho nrog tshuaj, kuaj ntshav biochemistry yog kuaj.

Video los ntawm Dr. Malysheva txog statins:

Ntawm cov nyom tshwm sim yog sau tseg:

mob taub hau, pw tsaug zog;
kev tsis haum ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
txo qis libido;
mob leeg thiab mob pob tw;
hnov tsis taus thiab nco;
lub plab zom mov;
thrombocytopenia;
ua txhaum ntawm daim siab;
mob hlwb.

Ceev faj! Kev siv tib lub sij hawm nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antihypertensive thiab hypoglycemic nce qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim myopathy, hloov mus rau lwm qhov thoob ntiaj teb.

Contraindications rau siv:

daim siab ua haujlwm siab;
cev xeeb tub
raum tsis ua hauj lwm;
hnub nyoog txog 18 xyoo;
pub niam mis;
intolerance mus rau Cheebtsam ntawm cov tshuaj.

Statins yog sawv cev los ntawm cov txhais tau tias hauv qab no: Zokor, Lipostat, Rovakor (1st tiam), Leskol (tiam 2 tiam), Atoris, Tulip, Lipobay (koob thib 3 tiam), Rosuvastin, Krestor, Akorta (cov tshuaj tshiab).

Fibroic acid

Cov khoom siv ntawm cov roj ntsha fibroic - cov chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsim los kho cov metabolism hauv lipid. Lawv nyob rau theem ob ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj koob meej tom qab statins.

Thawj cov tshuaj rau hauv pawg no yog clofibrate. Niaj hnub no, ntau lub tebchaws tsis siv nws vim nws muaj tshuaj lom ntau thiab phiv. Tom qab ntawd, Bezafibrates, Cyprofibrates thiab Fenofibrates tau pib siv.

Kawg kev yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov ntshav qab zib, qis dua cov uric acid ntau dua. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab gout tib lub sijhawm.

Cov nyhuv tseem ceeb ntawm cov acids yog tias lawv hloov cov qauv ntawm cov metabolism hauv lipid. Cov khoom ua tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm txo qis dua ntawm LDL, nce HDL, thiab ua rau cov lipid metabolism zoo.

Ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nce elasticity, tiv thaiv kev tsim cov quav hniav. Nws inhibits ntshav coagulation. Nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm fibrates, kev sib txuas ntawm triglycerides tsawg, qhov sib cais thiab inhibition ntawm LDL kev loj hlob yog nrawm. Noj tshuaj pab txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv. Ib pawg tshuaj tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub xeev ntawm cov hlab plawv.

Saib xyuas! Fibrates tuaj yeem nce cov qib creatinine ntau dua.

Kev qhia rau kev siv yog:

ntshav qab zib dyslipidemia;
cov roj (ua ke nrog kev kho mob);
siab ntim ntawm triglycerides;
lipid tsis txaus;
mob gout
rog dhau
metabolic mob.

Ceev faj yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm fibrates thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem nce qhov tsis zoo ntawm ob lub raum thiab mob siab.

Ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj cai:

lub plab zom mov;
lub raum tsis ua haujlwm;
mob taub hau
kev tsis haum tshuaj;
nce nyob rau hauv hepatic qhov ntsuas;
ua txhaum ntawm daim siab;
kev ntshaus siab.

Lub ntsiab contraindications rau kev siv cov fibrates:

daim siab ua haujlwm siab;
cev xeeb tub thiab lactation;
lub raum tsis ua haujlwm;
kev quav cawv;
cirrhosis ntawm daim siab;
suav cholecystitis;
hnub nyoog txog 18 xyoo;
mob cholelithiasis.

Cov tshuaj siv nrog kev ceev faj yuav tsum siv los ntawm cov neeg laus.

Sequestrants ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub

NrogKev siv tshuaj sib npaug ntawm pawg bile acids - ib pawg tshuaj muaj feem rau kev txo cov roj lipid. Lawv yog cov tshuaj ancillary los txo cov ntshav siab cov roj.

Lub txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog kev khi ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub nrog tom qab nthuav tawm, kev tawm dag zog ntawm cov cholesterol. Cov tshuaj nquag khi rau cov kua qaub thiab cais tawm lawv.

Rov qab nqus tau cov kua tsib yog tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj ua ke ntawm HDL yog muab, thiab LDL tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, glycosylated hemoglobin thiab piam thaj raug txo qis hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.

Cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov kab ke hauv lub cev, lawv raug tawm hauv txoj hnyuv. Hauv qhov no, kev txhim kho kev mob tshwm sim yog txo kom tsawg. Feem ntau qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yog pom los ntawm txoj hnyuv hauv plab - kem plab, plab zom mov, cem quav thiab tsam plab, hloov pauv hauv saj.

Thaum muaj qhov siab, kev txiav txim siab tuaj yeem txo qhov nqus ntawm B6 thiab cov roj-soluble vitamins D, A, K, E. Muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm los ntshav thaum kho nrog tshuaj los ntawm cov qog ua kua, vim tias cov ntshav coagulation tsawg.

Thaum lub sijhawm kev kho mob ntawm FFA, cov teeb meem roj cholesterol raug tshem tawm txog li 45%, lub xeev ntawm lipid complex txhim kho los ntawm 20%. Kev siv mus sij hawm ntev yuav tsub kom cov qib roj (cholesterol) zoo. Hypocholesterolemic cov nyhuv ua tiav ntawm qhov nruab nrab tom qab ib hlis ntawm kev tswj hwm. Hauv kev kawm ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb, qhov tshwm sim zoo ntawm FFA hauv cov kab mob plawv thiab lawv cov teeb meem tau txiav txim siab.

Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj: Colestipol, Cholestyramine.

Kev taw qhia rau kev siv:

kev mob plawv;
Ischemic mob plawv;
dyslipidemia;
atherosclerosis;
hypercholesterolemia;
mob hlab ntsha.

Nrog ceev faj, ntsiav tshuaj tau noj rau lub plab hnyuv nqus, cholelithiasis.

Cov Faib Tsis Txaus FFA xws li:

phenylketonuria;
cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsis haum;
hypertriglyceridemia;
rhuav ob txoj hlab;
mob plab zom mov;
los ntshav tsis haum;
cem quav ntev;
billiard thaiv kev;
hyperlipoproteinemia ntawm hom III thiab IV.

Tshuaj muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev nqus plab hnyuv. Qhov pom zoo tshaj plaws yog ib teev lossis 4 teev tom qab noj mov. Thawj zaug siv raws cov tshuaj me me, tom qab ntawd cov koob tshuaj tau nce zuj zus. Xws li tus qauv txo cov kev loj hlob ntawm kev phiv.

Lus Cim! FFA tsuas yog txo cov roj cholesterol. Theem triglyceride ntau ntau nyob rau kev kho kom ntau ntxiv. Hauv kev siv tshuaj FFA nrog txhawb cov roj (cholesterol) thiab triglycerides, cov tshuaj cais cais tau muab rau kev sib tw tom qab.

Cov kab mob yuam ua ntawm FAs cuam tshuam qhov nqus ntawm ntau cov tshuaj. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin, diuretics, adrenergic blockers. Hauv cov txheej txheem kev kho mob mus ntev, cov roj ntsha biochemistry tau muab los ntsuas cov ntsuas ntsuas.

Txhais tau tias inhibit qhov nqus ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov hnyuv

Cov tshuaj noj uas txwv kom tsis txhob nqus ntawm cov cholesterol nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv txo kev nqus kom txo nws cov tshuaj lom hauv cov ntshav.

Pab pawg pom txog cov tshuaj suav nrog Lipobon, Ezetrol, Tribusponin, Guarem. Lawv tsis nqus rau hauv cov ntshav, lawv tau zoo ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj, tsis zoo li FFA lawv tsis nce lub zais ntawm cov kua tsib kua qaub.

Yog li ntawd, tom qab 14 hnub tom qab noj cov tshuaj, cov tshuaj mus rau hauv lub siab yog txo los ntawm 50%. Kev siv khoom noj ib txhij tsis cuam tshuam rau kev siv tshuaj lom ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm pawg tau nthuav tawm. Hauv kev siv cov theem ntawm cov roj cholesterol yog txo rau 20%.

Lus Cim! Qhov tshwm sim tsis yog ib txwm ua tiav nrog kev kho mob monotherapy. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj no ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj lipid-txo qis.

Kev taw qhia rau kev siv:

homozygous tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia;
thawj hypercholesterolemia;
kev tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob statin;
homozygous sitosterolemia.

Siv nrog rau kev noj zaub mov noj, nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj cov nyhuv, lawv tau ua ke nrog statins. Feem ntau kho cov lipid yog siv Essentiale, Lipostabil.

Ntawm cov contraindications rau siv:

daim siab ua haujlwm;
intolerance lossis tsis muaj lactose;
cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsis haum;
muaj hnub nyoog tsawg dua 18 xyoo;
tib lub sij hawm siv nrog fibrates.

Ntawm cov kev phiv pom:

tsam plab;
ua tsis taus pa;
cov quav tsis zoo (cem quav thiab raws plab);
lub siab ua tsis taus haujlwm;
nkees
mob taub hau.

Nicotinic acid

Nicotinic acid yog dej-soluble vitamin tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Kev kho mob nyhuv: txo qis roj thiab lipid feem, vasodilation.

Nws tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob plawv, muaj ib qho ua kom detoxifying thiab ua kom lub siab tus.

Thaum noj, nicotinic acid tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov tshuaj nquag nicotinamide. Nws koom tes nrog cov txheej txheem hauv cov txheej txheem hauv cov vitamins, txheej txheem hluavtaws, ua pa ntawm lub cev.

Cov tshuaj hloov kho microcirculation, normalizes lipoproteins, qis LDL thiab triglycerides, thiab nce HDL. Nws yog metabolized hauv daim siab, tso tawm los ntawm lub raum. Cov xim siab kawg ntawm cov tshuaj yog hu tom qab 45 feeb.

Cov npe tshuaj: Enduracin, Niceritrol, Acipimox. Kev npaj tshuaj Nicotinic acid yog qhov pheej yig thiab pheej yig rau ntau.

Kev taw qhia rau kev siv:

thaum pib theem ntawm hyperlipidemia;
cerebrovascular kev sib tsoo;
vitamin PP tsis txaus;
lub caij nyoog ntxhov siab;
atherosclerosis;
thaum rov kho dua tom qab kev mob plawv thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg;
microagniopathy;
atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis;
mob rau ntawm cov qog ua kua thiab ua kom tawv nqaij;
angina pectoris;
cov leeg ntawm lub ntsej muag neuritis;
spasms ntawm nqua cov hlab;
mob ntshav qab zib polyneuropathy;
enterocolitis, mob plab, mob ncauj plab.

Contraindications rau siv:

ua kom lub cev tsis haum;
mob plab peptic rwj ntawm lub plab (exacerbation);
hnub nyoog tsawg dua 2 xyoos.

Nrog kev ceev faj, cov tshuaj yog noj los ntawm cov neeg muaj lub siab tsis ua haujlwm, mob caj pas, gout.

Phiv los ntawm kev tswj hwm:

rog lub siab ua haujlwm yog pom thaum noj cov tshuaj hauv qhov siab;
hypotension;
kev tsis haum ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
nce tso pa tawm ntawm pais plab kua txiv;
tsis muaj qab zib ua taus siab ntev;
voos ntawm lub plab zom mov;
ua txhaum ntawm daim siab;
hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim myopathy thaum ua ke nrog statins.

Lus Cim! Nicotinic acid muaj qhov tshwm sim hyperglycemic. Cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lawv qab zib tas li. NK txo cov nyhuv ntawm qee cov tshuaj hypoglycemic.

Cov hau kev ntxiv

Ntxiv rau kev txhim kho tshuaj, muaj lwm txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab zoo heev rau kev txo cov roj (cholesterol). Cov no suav nrog kev ua neej zoo thiab khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig. Lawv siv nrog nce me ntsis hauv cov cholesterol - nce txog 18% ntawm qhov txwv.

Zoo xws li cov kev tiv thaiv muaj xws li:

kev tshem tawm cov khoom noj uas tsim kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev noj haus;
kev siv dag zog, kev ntxhov siab, tawm dag zog;
noj cov zaub mov roj kom tsawg.

Yuav kom txo LDL, cov zaub mov muaj fiber ntau thiab vitamins ntxiv rau kev noj haus. Tsis suav cov trans nqaijrog, cov kib thiab cov zaub mov rog, cov kaus poom zaub mov, cov tais diav nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cholesterol. Cov nqaij fiber yog muaj nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm cov khob cij whole-grain, cereals, legumes, zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Nws yog tsim nyog noj cov zaub mov uas ib txwm noj roj tsawg. Cov no yog avocados, pob kws, txiv ntseej thiab roj sunflower. Fatty acids uas yog nyob rau hauv cov roj ntses yog li qub los ntawm lipid metabolism. Kev siv cov kab ke muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem txo LDL li ntawm 10%. Kev siv cov lipoic acid thiab cov vitamins B kuj tseem muaj lub txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov ntsuas.

Cov khoom siv video rau kev noj haus kom txo qis cov roj (cholesterol):

Cov roj ua rau cov roj ua kom tsawg dua muaj cov yam ntxwv. Lawv tau raug txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob thiab kho monotherapy, nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv zoo thaum siv raug. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txhua cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau tsim nyog.

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