Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib yam kab mob endocrine rau tib neeg tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog li cas. Nws tsis muaj tub los ntxhais thiab xwm txheej. Qhov ua rau ntawm lub pathology tuaj yeem sib txawv: kev mob muaj keeb, kab mob lub cev nyhav, muaj cov cwj pwm tsis zoo, tsis zoo.
Tus kab mob no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob txoj kev xaiv. Nrog hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, lub cev ua xaum qhuav tsis tuaj yeem nrog nws lub luag haujlwm, ua kom muaj cov tshuaj insulin tsawg dua qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Kab mob Type 2 yog qhov txawv txav los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg lub cev thiab cov nqaij hauv lub cev mus rau cov tshuaj hormones-ua haujlwm.
Ob daim foos tau nrog qib siab hauv qabzib hauv cov hlab ntshav (hyperglycemia). Saum cov lej feem ntau yuav tsum tau kho. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob. Lub hauv paus rau kev kho thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj insulin-ywj siab yog kev noj haus tsis zoo rau kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2, cov yam ntxwv thiab cov ntsiab cai uas tau tham hauv qab no.
Mob ntshav qab zib thiab zaub mov noj
Lub cev ntawm cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo muab nws tus kheej nrog lub zog tsim nyog vim muaj cov khoom noj metabolism. Qhov no tshwm sim raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov zaub mov nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, zom rau hauv cov khoom me me, suav nrog monosaccharides (qabzib).
- Qab zib nqus tau los ntawm lub plab hnyuv phab ntsa rau hauv cov hlab ntshav, qhov twg nws qib mus dhau qhov ib txwm mus rau ib qhov loj.
- Lub paj hlwb xa lub teeb liab mus rau lub cev ntaj ntsug hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau tso cov insulin rau hauv cov ntshav rau kev faib cov kua nplaum mus rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub cev.
Cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov tseem ceeb ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev thauj cov suab thaj mus rau hauv lub cev lub cev.
Qhov mob ntshav qab zib zaum ob yog qhov tseeb hais tias lub caj pas tso cov tshuaj insulin txaus, tab sis cov cell "tsis pom nws." Qhov tshwm sim yog hyperglycemia, uas nyob rau hauv txoj kev lom neeg cuam tshuam rau kev mob ntawm lub cev. Cov roj metabolism cov teeb meem no tsis txaus ntseeg.
Muaj piam thaj ntau yog txaus ntshai vim tias cov txheej txheem glycation protein ntau dhau los. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim dua tshiab ntawm cov hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov teeb meem tom qab tau tshwm sim rau ntawm ib feem ntawm lub zeem muag pom, lub raum, cov hlab ntsha, thiab cov leeg ntshav.
Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm khoom noj khoom haus
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj ntshav qab zib muaj raws li nram no:
- Txo cov khoom noj kom yooj yim zom cov zaub mov carbohydrates hauv cov zaub mov. Qhov no yog vim muaj tsawg dua ntawm bakery thiab nplej zom, qee cov cereals (mov dawb, semolina).
- Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nce ntxiv ntawm kev ua ntawm saccharides ntau. Lawv muaj cov khoom noj muaj fiber ntau (hauv fiber ntau), uas maj mam nce qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv lub cev.
- Siv cov kua dej kom txaus: dej txog 2 litres ib hnub, kua txiv, tshuaj yej, kua txiv, txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus, dej tsis muaj roj.
- Xws li cov zaub mov noj zaub mov ntau nyob rau hauv cov vitamins thiab minerals. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom noj tshuaj kom thim rov qab qib ntawm cov poov tshuaj, calcium, magnesium, uas tau tawm vim yog polyuria.
- Tsis kam qab zib, siv cov khoom qab zib ntawm cov khoom cua thiab lub hauv paus chiv keeb.
Cov zaub mov zoo yog tus yuam sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab zoo
Kuv yuav tsum tau saib dab tsi thaum sau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov?
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tseeb tias tus kws kho mob koom ua ke sau ib daim ntawv teev txwv tsis pub khoom rau tus neeg mob tshwj xeeb, muaj ob peb yam kev qhia ntxiv uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau thaum sau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm tus kheej.
Glycemic Performance index
Nov yog qhov taw qhia digital uas qhia tau tias cov piam thaj hauv ntshav yuav nce siab npaum li cas tom qab noj lub tais lossis ib qho khoom lag luam. Koj tsis tas yuav suav qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm koj tus kheej, muaj cov twb tau npaj cov rooj uas txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum muaj.
GI yog ib qho kev xav txog ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom lag luam nyob rau theem ntawm glycemia hauv kev sib piv rau cov nyhuv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv lub cev. Cov lej qis dua (0-39), cov khoom muaj kev ruaj ntseg dua rau tus neeg mob. Cov khoom siv nrog qhov ntsuas nruab nrab (40-69) tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv tus kheej cov zaub mov, tab sis nrog ceev faj. Cov tais diav uas muaj GI siab (siab dua 70) yuav tsum muab pov tseg lossis txwv tsis pub kom ntau li ntau tau.
Qhov ntsuas cov kua dej
Qhov no yog qhov ntsuas uas qhia meej txog cov tshuaj insulin tso tawm rau hauv cov ntshav hauv kev teb rau kev noj zaub mov kom rov qab glycemia rau kev txwv ib txwm muaj. Cov naj npawb no tseem ceeb dua nrog hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab nrog hom 2, thaum cov roj ntsha insulin secretory hlwb ntawm lub txiav ua twb nyob rau hauv lub xeev kev qaug.
Calorie cov ntsiab lus
Qhov ntsuas uas txiav txim siab qhov nqi zog ntawm ib qho khoom tau. Nws tau suav nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm kcal ib 100 g ntawm yam khoom. Cov rog tau cov calories ntau tshaj plaws (1 g - 9 kcal), saccharides thiab lipids yog me dua (4 kcal rau 1 g).
Tus kws endocrinologist yog tus pab cuam rau tus mob ntshav qab zib, tsis yog hais txog kev kho mob, tab sis kuj tseem nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj tshuaj.
Qhov yuav tsum tau ntsuas cov calories ntau npaum li cas txhua hnub yog xam los ntawm tus kws endocrinologist lossis tus kws qhia noj haus hauv lub cev rau txhua tus neeg mob. Nws ua raws cov ntsuas hauv qab no:
- muaj hnub nyoog
- lub cev hnyav
- kev loj hlob thiab tsim;
- kev ua neej nyob, suav nrog qib kev ua si.
- metabolic lub xeev.
Yam khoom twg uas kuv xav tau?
Kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg rau cov ntshav qab zib hom 2 (cov ntawv qhia txhua lub lim tiam) suav nrog cov zaub mov ntau, uas tau tham hauv qab no.
Hmoov nplej thiab mov ci
Nws raug tso cai kom suav nrog hauv cov khoom noj cov khoom noj raws li cov hmoov nplej:
- rye
- thoob ham;
- mov;
- thib ob qib nplej.
Butter thiab puff pastry yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, vim tias nws muaj glycemic siab vim yog cov khoom siv rau kev ua noj.
Zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov zaub mov carb qis suav nrog txhua cov zaub ntsuab. Lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj calorie thiab qis glycemic indices, uas cais lawv li ib pawg ntawm cov khoom noj pub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg suav nrog ntau ntau ntawm cov vitamins, kab kawm, flavonoids thiab antioxidant, uas yog cov pab tsis tsuas yog rau tus neeg mob, tab sis kuj rau lub cev noj qab haus huv.
Zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo - khoom noj uas yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov uas muaj ntshav qab zib txhua hnub
Los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, koj tuaj yeem suav cov txiv duaj txiv ntoo, txiv nkhaus taw, txiv tsawb, txiv ntoo thiab txiv ntoo txiv ntoo, txiv kab ntxwv qaub thiab txiv duaj rau hauv cov zaub mov. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig tsis yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshiab xwb. Koj tuaj yeem ua jam los ntawm lawv (nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob siv suab thaj hauv cov txheej txheem ua noj) lossis kua txiv tshiab.
Nqaij thiab ntses
Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov suav nrog cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no:
Cov zaub mov zoo siv rau ntshav qab zib hom 2- nqaij;
- nqaij nyuj;
- ib luav;
- qaib keej
- Qaib
- caj dab;
- salmon;
- pollock;
- crucian carp.
Nrog daim ntawv insulin-ywj pheej ntawm tus kabmob, ob lub qe raug tso cai tauj ib hnub, nyiam dua hauv daim ntawv rhaub. Koj tuaj yeem suav omelet rau ntawm cov zaub mov, tab sis nws yuav tsum muab fawm ci ntau dua li kib. Quail qe kuj pab tau. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov xwm txheej ntawm lub plab zom mov, ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv, thiab pab txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm lub hlwb kev muaj peev xwm.
Khoom noj siv mis thiab mis
Cov khoom ntawm cov pab pawg no yog qhov tseem ceeb muaj xws li nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov noj txhua hnub ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib. Lawv nplua nuj nyob hauv cov calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium. Cov mis nyuj yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum thiab mob siab, ntxiv rau cov khoom tseem ceeb uas ntxiv cov kev tiv thaiv tib neeg lub cev.
Cov khoom noj siv mis tsis yog tsuas yog tsis qab, tab sis kuj noj qab nyob zoo
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xaiv cov roj ntsha nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom, kom tsis txhob ua phem rau nws (cov nyiaj txhua hnub - tsis ntau dua 400 ml). Cov mis tshiab yog qhov zoo dua tsis siv nrog hom 2 tus kab mob, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nce siab ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj hauv cov hlab ntshav.
Qhov Muaj Siab Xav Tau yog muab rau:
- kefir;
- fermented ci mis nyuj;
- kua mis nyeem qaub;
- whey;
- mis nceb.
Qaub cream thiab yogurt yuav tsum muaj cov rog nruab nrab. Nws raug nquahu kom haus cov kua mis nyeem yog tsis muaj tsw.
Cereals
Txhua ntawm cov cereals yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj zaub mov kom noj qab zib txhua hnub. Qhov uas tsis suav yog semolina. Cov cereal no tsis pom zoo rau kev ua noj, vim tias nws muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov muaj calorie ntau, qhov tseem ceeb glycemic Performance index thiab cov khoom noj me me ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Kev siv rau hom ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog:
- thoob ham;
- nplej porridge;
- millet;
- oatmeal;
- pearl barley.
Oatmeal - porridge uas normalizes cov hnyuv thiab ua kom lub cev muaj zog
Lwm cov khoom lag luam
Ntawm cov dej haus, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo xaiv cov dej haus huv, cov dej ntxhia tsis muaj roj, kua txiv, kua txiv. Nws tsis xav kom siv cov kua txiv tom qab muag vim tias lawv muaj suab thaj ntau ntau, qab qab thiab xim. Koj yuav tsum caiv tsis txhob noj horseradish, mustard, cov kua ntsw uas koj yuav.
Ib Hnub Piv Txwv Cov Lus Qhia
Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thawj yuav tsum tau tham nrog tus kws endocrinologist lossis tus kws noj zaub mov noj mov. Cov kws tshaj lij yuav qhia koj cov khoom lag luam twg yog qhov tseem ceeb uas suav nrog hauv kev noj haus, thiab yam twg yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Nqa mus rau hauv cov account txhua hnub kev noj zaub mov hauv calorie, tus neeg mob lub cev qhov hnyav, poj niam txiv neej, hnub nyoog, glycemic ntsuas ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab npaj zaub mov noj.
Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau hnub:
- noj tshais - steamed qe, qhob cij thiab butter, tshuaj yej;
- khoom noj txom ncauj - ib txhais tes ntawm blackberries;
- noj su - zaub kua zaub, millet, nqaij qaib xyaw zaub xyaw, compote;
- khoom noj txom ncauj - ib lub txiv av;
- noj su - zaub stew, hau ntses, mov ci, haus kua txiv;
- khoom noj txom ncauj - tshuaj yej lossis ryazhenka.
Liaj noj qab zib qab zib
Muaj ntau cov kev xaiv ua noj ua haus rau tsis tsuas noj qab haus huv, tab sis kuj tseem muaj tais diav rau cov tsis muaj ntshav qab zib-tsis muaj ntshav qab zib-rau cov ntshav qab zib.
Carrot thiab kua zaub xam lav
Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb:
- carrots - 2 pcs .;
- kua - 2 pcs .;
- qaub cream 1% rog - 2 tbsp. l .;
- de ib tug ntsev;
- dill thiab parsley - ib pawg;
- xylitol.
Yaug kom zoo, tev thiab txiav mus rau hauv ib daim hlab. Rau kev sib tsoo, koj tuaj yeem siv grater. Lub caij cov zaub xam lav nrog qaub cream, ntxiv ntsev thiab xylitol mus saj, tws tshuaj ntsuab.
Zucchini nrog nqaij
Daim ntawv qhia no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no:
- zucchini - 600 g;
- minced nqaij qaib fillet - 200 g;
- cov nplej xim av - 50 g;
- txiv lws suav - 3 pcs .;
- dos - 2 pcs .;
- qaub cream - 3 tbsp. l .;
- zaub muaj roj - 3 tbsp. l .;
- ntsev thiab zaub ntsuab.
Zucchini yog cov khoom lag luam uas tsis muaj calorie nrog glycemic index tsawg
Zucchini yuav tsum tau ntxuav, tev thiab txiav mus rau hauv cov nplhaib. Sab hauv lawv ua indentations thiab yaum minced nqaij qaib, ua ntej txuas nrog ua noj hau xim av. Tom ntej no, daim ntawv ci yog greased nrog zaub muaj roj, kis zucchini, thiab ncuav dhau cov ntses nrog stewed lws suav, dos thiab qaub cream. Ci hauv qhov cub rau ib nrab ib teev.
Curd Souffle
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau npaj:
- nruab nrab-rog tsev cheese - 0.5 kg;
- txiv apples - 300 g;
- nqaij qaib qe - 2 pcs .;
- mis nyuj - 150 ml;
- hmoov - 3 tbsp
Kis lub tsev cheese dhau los ntawm ib sab cib, ntxiv tev thiab nplua cov txiv apples. Tom qab ntawd tsav tsheb hauv lub nkaub qe, ntxiv hmoov nplej thiab mis nyuj. Cov qe qe yog whipped nyias thiab ua tib zoo txhaj rau hauv qhov loj. Qhov sib tov sib xyaw yog tau muab tso rau hauv pwm thiab xa mus rau qhov cub rau 20-30 feeb.
Sandwich muab tshuaj txhuam
Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb:
- oatmeal - 3 tbsp. l .;
- cov txiv ntoo (koj tuaj yeem siv walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, txiv laum huab xeeb) - 50 g;
- zib mu - 1 tbsp. l .;
- de ib tug ntsev;
- ib co dej.
Oatmeal yuav tsum tau muab tev thiab sib xyaw nrog me ntsis yam ntxwv ci. Ntxiv cov khoom xyaw ntxiv thiab sib tov kom txog thaum muab cov ntaub ntawv sib tov. Koj tuaj yeem smear qhob cij rau tshuaj yej.
Ua raws li kev noj zaub mov noj yuav tsis yog ua kom tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv zoo nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv kev txhim kho cov teeb meem uas muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau.
