Cov ntshav qab zib rau npe li cas?

Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib hom kev kawm uas cuam tshuam rau ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov pej xeem Lavxias, thiab tsis yog.

Cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv muaj ntau xyoo dhau los, lub sijhawm tib neeg xav tau kev kho mob tsis tu ncua, kuaj mob thiab pab txhawb nqa tswv yim.

Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm los txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej tau zoo thiab npaj cov nqi ntawm kev sib piv cov ntshav qab zib thoob tebchaws, sau npe rau cov ntshav qab zib hauv lub tebchaws.

Lub xeev cov npe ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib: nws yog dab tsi?

Nws yog siv los tsim qauv kev siv nyiaj hauv lub xeev thiab kev kwv yees nyob rau yav tom ntej, los ntawm lub xyoo.

Tam sim no, qhov kev tso npe muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev siv thev naus laus zis uas muaj kev cuam tshuam cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam-chav kis mob ntawm lub teb chaws.

Nws cuam tshuam txog kev saib xyuas txhua tus neeg uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib pathology, txij hnub nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws nyob hauv yawg thiab rau tag nrho lub sijhawm kho.

Ntawm no yog tas:

• hom mob hnyav;
• kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom noj roj metabolism thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav;
• cov kev kho mob tsaj tawm;
• mob ntshav qab zib tuag cov ntaub ntawv.

Kab mob nthuav dav

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov kabmob ntshav qab zib ntau hauv tebchaws Russia thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2016 qhia tias muaj ze txog 4,350 lab tus tib neeg raug teebmeem "muaj suab thaj", uas ua rau kwv yees li 3% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem hauv lub xeev, uas:

• Cov hom non-insulin rau 92% (kwv yees 4,001,860 tus neeg);
• rau kev siv tshuaj insulin - 6% (li 255 385 tus neeg);
• rau lwm hom kab mob pathology - 2% (75 123 tus neeg).

Tag nrho cov naj npawb kuj suav nrog cov mob no thaum hom mob ntshav qab zib tsis qhia nyob rau hauv ntaub ntawv qhia.

Cov ntaub ntawv no tso cai rau peb kom xaus tias kev nce mus rau hauv cov naj npawb ntawm cov teeb meem no tseem muaj:

• txij li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2012, cov neeg muaj mob ntshav qab zib tau nce ntxiv yuav luag 570 txhiab tus neeg;
• rau lub sijhawm los ntawm kawg ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2015 - los ntawm 254 txhiab.

Hnub nyoog pab pawg (muaj pes tsawg tus neeg mob ntawm 100 txhiab tus neeg)

Hais txog kev nthuav dav los ntawm lub hnub nyoog, hom ntshav qab zib hom 1 feem ntau tau sau tseg rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, thiab ntawm cov kev txom nyem los ntawm hom mob thib ob, feem ntau yog cov neeg laus.

Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2016, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov hnub nyoog pawg yog li nram qab no.

Tag Nrho:

• cov kab mob ntshav qab zib insulin - qhov nruab nrab ntawm 164.19 mob hauv 100 txhiab tus neeg;
• cov mob ntshav qab zib tsis yog tshuaj insulin - 2637.17 rau tib neeg;
• lwm hom kab mob suab thaj: 50.62 ib 100 txhiab.

Piv nrog rau 2015 cov nuj nqis, qhov kev loj hlob yog:

• ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib - 6.79 ib 100 txhiab;
• rau ntshav qab zib hom 2 - 118.87.

Los ntawm cov menyuam hnub nyoog:

• hom tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib - 86.73 ib 100 txhiab tus menyuam;
• non-insulin-hom mob ntshav qab zib - 5.34 ib 100 txhiab;
• lwm hom mob ntshav qab zib mellitus: 1.0 rau 100 txhiab ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm cov menyuam yaus.

Thaum tiav hluas:

• hom tshuaj insulin-nyob rau hauv - 203.29 rau 100 txhiab ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ntxhais hluas;
• tsis-insulin-ywj siab - 6.82 rau txhua 100 txhiab;
• lwm hom suab thaj pathology - 2.62 rau tib tus lej ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas.

Hais txog cov ntsuas ntawm xyoo 2015, cov neeg muaj mob ntawm nrhiav tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 hauv pawg neeg no tau nce 39.19, thiab hom 2 - los ntawm 1.5 rau 100 txhiab ntawm cov pejxeem.

Txog rau tom kawg, kev loj hlob tau piav qhia los ntawm kev nyiam ua kom lub cev nyhav dhau ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas. Kev pham yog qhov paub tias yog qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo rau cov ntshav qab zib tsis muaj tshuaj insulin.

Hauv "pawg neeg laus" hnub nyoog:

raws li hom tshuaj insulin - 179.3 ib 100 txhiab neeg laus;

• los ntawm hom non-insulin-ywj siab - 3286.6 ib tus nqi zoo sib xws;
• rau lwm yam mob ntshav qab zib - 62,8 tus mob hauv 100 txhiab tus neeg laus.

Hauv pawg no, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv piv rau 2015 yog:

• ntshav qab zib hom 1 - 4,1 ib 100 txhiab;
• ntshav qab zib hom 2 - 161 rau tib neeg laus;
• rau lwm hom ntshav qab zib - 7.6.

Tus nqi

Yog li, nws tuaj yeem hais tias pes tsawg tus neeg kuaj mob ntshav qab zib yog tseem nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov kho ntau dua li xyoo dhau los.

Tus qauv ntawm ua rau kev tuag

Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib qho kab mob hnyav thiab txaus ntshai uas tib neeg tuag.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm GRBSD, txij li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 2016, "tus thawj coj" hauv lub neej no yog vim li cas cov kev mob plawv mob hauv hom 1 thiab 2 mob ntshav qab zib li:

• muaj teeb meem nrog ntshav ncig ntawm lub paj hlwb;
• hlab plawv tsis ua haujlwm;
• mob plawv thiab ntaus cwj nrag.

31.9% ntawm cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 thiab 49.5% nrog hom 2 pathology tuag ntawm cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv no.

Thib ob, feem ntau ua rau ploj tuag:

• nrog hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib - lub raum lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm (7.1%);
• nrog hom 2, teeb meem oncological (10.0%).

Thaum txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim loj heev ntawm ntshav qab zib, ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim xws li:

• mob ntshav qab zib tsis nco qab (hom 1 - 2.7%, hom 2 - 0.4%);
• hypoglycemic coma (hom 1 - 1.8%, hom 2 - 0.1%);
• cov kab mob muaj kab mob (septic) ntshav lom (hom 1 - 1.8%, hom 2 - 0.4%);
• cov mob txhab hom tawv nqaij (hom 1 - 1.2%, hom 2 - 0.7%).

Lwm Yam Kev Sau Npe

Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog txaus ntshai nrog cov teeb meem uas txhim kho vim yog lub sij hawm ntev muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm pathology ntawm lub cev. Cov txheeb cais ntawm lawv cov kis tau zoo yog raws li hauv qab no (tsis suav cov ntaub ntawv rau St. Petersburg, vim tsis tiav kev sau ntawm cov qauv hauv online).

Txog ntshav qab zib hom 1 (feem pua ​​ntawm tag nrho cov neeg muaj teeb meem "qab zib"):

• neuropathic mob - 33.6%;
• retinopathic pom kev tsis pom kev - 27.2%;
• cov kab mob nephropathic - 20.1%;
• ntshav siab - nyob rau hauv 17.1%;
• cov mob ntshav qab zib ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj - 12.1% ntawm cov neeg mob;
• "mob ntshav qab zib" ko taw - 4.3%;
• kev mob plawv - hauv 3.5%;
• teeb meem cerebrovascular - 1.5%;
• myocardial infarction - 1.1%.

Ntshav Qab Zib Hom 2:

• kub siab tsis meej - 40.6%,
• neuropathy ntawm ntshav qab zib etiology - 18.6%;
• retinopathy - hauv 13.0%;
• mob plawv -11.0%;
• nephropathy ntawm keeb kwm mob ntshav qab zib - 6.3%;
• cov kab mob vau macroangiopathic - 6.0%;
• cerebrovascular mob - nyob rau hauv 4.0%;
• myocardial infarction - 3.3%;
• mob ntshav qab zib mob ko taw - 2.0%.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau nco rau hauv siab tias raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev cuv npe, cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj tsawg dua li kev tshawb fawb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshuaj ntsuam.

Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv tau nkag mus rau hauv GRBS txog qhov tseeb ntawm kev thim rov qab, uas yog, peb tsuas yog tuaj yeem tham txog qee cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tus mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab nws qhov teeb meem. Qhov xwm txheej no qhia me ntsis ntawm qhov ua tsis raws cai.

Hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv kev tso npe, 2016 yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias feem ntau thaj chaw hloov mus khaws cov ntaub ntawv nyob online. Kev tso npe tau hloov pauv mus ua cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm hloov zoo uas tso cai rau koj soj ntsuam sai thiab siv tau cov neeg kuaj mob thiab kab mob sib kis ntawm ntau qib.