Ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib qho kab mob uas nquag siv; nws cuam tshuam txog 5% ntawm cov neeg nyob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nrog rau tus kab mob, qhov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg nce ntxiv, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntshav, nrog rau cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub qhov muag.
Retina swb nyob rau hauv hyperglycemia yog hu los ntawm cov kws kho mob raws li tus kab mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy, mob hnyav yog qhov tseem ceeb ua rau pom kev tsis pom kev, ua haujlwm thiab ua tiav dig muag. Hauv kev txhim kho kab mob, lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, thaum kuaj pom ntshav qab zib ua ntej hnub nyoog 30, qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm retinopathy nce xyoo. Tom qab 10 xyoo, tus mob ntshav qab zib yuav muaj teeb meem pom kev nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm 50%, tom qab 20 xyoo, kev pheej hmoo ntawm retinopathy ncav cuag 75%.
Yog tias kuaj ntshav qab zib hauv tus neeg laus dua 30 xyoo, nws qhov muag mob tau tshwm sim sai, nyob hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob qhov muag tsis pom tshwm sim 5-7 xyoo tom qab pom tias mob ntshav qab zib. Tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm hom kev mob dab tsi uas ib tug neeg mob, retinopathy muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hauv thawj thiab hom thib ob.
Theem mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy:
- thawj (kev tsim cov ntshav hemorrhages me, retinal edema, microaneurysms pom);
- qhov thib ob (mob ntshav hauv lub cev, mob ntshav nce siab);
- qhov thib peb (qhia los ntawm kev mob ntshav txaus hauv lub cev vitreous, muaj nyob ntawm cov nqaij ua fibrous, neoplasms hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm optic disc).
Yog tias koj tsis nres tus kab mob hauv thawj theem, kev kho tus kab mob ntshav qab zib ua rau muaj teeb meem.
Ntawm Cov Mob Ntshav Qab Zib Retinopathy
Retinopathy nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib tshwm sim nyob rau ntau theem, thawj theem yog hu ua kev tsis kis mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy. Tus mob no yog tsim los ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm microaneurysms, lawv provoke nthuav ntawm cov hlab ntsha, taw tes rau hauv lub qhov muag.
Hemorrhages yog manifested los ntawm tsaus me ntsis ntawm ib puag ncig puab, dashed kab txaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaj chaw ischemic, o ntawm lub plab mucous, o retina loj hlob, vascular permeability thiab fragility nce.
Cov ntshav plasma nkag mus rau qhov retina los ntawm kev nyias nyias phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntshav, uas ua rau kom mob edema. Thaum lub hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov retina koom tes nrog cov txheej txheem pathological, tus neeg mob sau cia ib qho kev poob qis ntawm qhov tsis pom kev zoo.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias daim foos no:
- tej zaum yuav tshwm sim thaum twg los tau ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib;
- sawv cev rau theem pib ntawm retinopathy.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo, tus kab mob no yuav nce qib mus rau theem ob thaum sijhawm.
Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy yog qib tom ntej ntawm tus kabmob, nws yog nrog cov kabmob ncig hauv lub retina. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj ib qho tsis muaj oxygen, uas yog ischemia thiab oxygen tshaib plab.
Nws yog qhov ua tau los ua kom rov qab sib npaug ntawm cov pa vim yog tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab; cov txheej txheem no feem ntau hu ua neovascularization. Neoplasms raug puas ntsoog, ua rau los ntshav, cov ntshav nkag mus rau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm retina, lub cev tso tawm.
Raws li qhov teeb meem zuj zus, cov ntshav qab zib yuav pom ntog opacities ntog zuj zus zuj zus hauv kev pom tseeb. Cov theem pib lig ntawm cov kabmob nrog lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab, caws pliav nqaij yuav dhau los ua ntej:
- retinal tshem tawm;
- qhov pib ntawm kev mob qog ntshav.
Qhov ua rau mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj insulin, uas ua rau muaj kev txuam nrog sorbitol, fructose.
Nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov tshuaj no, nce ntshav siab, ib phab ntsa tuab ntawm capillary, thiab ib txoj kab ntawm lub lumen hauv lawv nqaim.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy, kuaj mob
Lub pathogenesis ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy thiab nws cov tsos mob ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav, feem ntau cov neeg mob ntshav qab yws yws txog ntab tsaus nti cov voj voog lossis midges hauv lub qhov muag, qhov muag plooj, qhov muag tsis pom kev ib ntu. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog qhov zoo ntawm lub zeem muag yog nyob ntawm kev mloog ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav.
Thaum pib ntawm tus kabmob, qhov kev pom tsis pom kev zoo yuav tsis pom tus neeg mob; qhov teeb meem tsuas tuaj yeem kuaj pom thaum kuaj mob. Txhua tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus ntawm hom thawj thiab thib ob yuav tsum nyob twj ywm rau hauv kev tswj hwm thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob koom, qhov no feem ntau yog tus kws kho mob endocrinologist, ophthalmologist thiab therapist.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob retinopathy hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yog tsim los ntawm:
- rau tus neeg mob tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov tsis pom kev zoo;
- kuaj pob nyiaj nrog ib qho ophthalmoscope.
Cov txheej txheem ophthalmoscopy ua rau nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qhov muaj kev hloov pauv pathological hauv pob nyiaj. Kev kuaj mob sib txawv yuav pab qhia qhov txawv cov ntshav qab zib kom tsis txhob mob los ntawm lwm cov teeb meem qhov muag.
Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb ophthalmological yog kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev mob siab ntawm intraocular, biomicroscopy ntawm anterior plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm lub zeem muag. Kev thaij duab ntawm cov fundus tseem pom, qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau sau cov kev hloov pauv hauv lub qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tau sau ntawv fluorescence angiography txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov nkoj tshiab uas ua kua dej thiab ua rau macular edema.
Siv lub voj vias looj, qhov kev tshawb fawb tab tom ua - lens biomicroscopy, nws yog dab tsi, tuaj yeem nyeem hauv Is Taws Nem.
Kho nrog tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj, pab qhia kev noj zaub mov kom zoo
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab retinopathy tseem tau kho nrog lwm txoj hauv kev, qee cov neeg mob tau kho qee yam ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv txee ntawm cov chaw muag tshuaj muaj ntau yam kev noj haus ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev. Glucosil yuav yog cov tshuaj zoo li no, nws yuav tsum haus cawv 3 zaug hauv ib hnub thaum noj mov, lub sijhawm kho yog los ntawm peb lub hlis. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj, kev rho tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, cov kab kawm, bioadditive txhim kho kev nqus ntawm cov piam thaj.
Mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy mob tau kho los ntawm phytosarves Arfazetin, Sadifit. Ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj muaj 0.2 g ntawm stevia nplooj, taum nplooj, blueberry tua, Jerusalem artichoke cov hauv paus hniav, nrog rau 0.15 g ntawm cov tshuaj yej ntsuab, 0.05 g ntawm peppermint. Fitosbor ncuav 300 ml dej npau, qhwv nrog phuam thiab xav kom 60 feeb. Nqa Txoj kev lis ntshav peb zaug ib hnub hauv ib nrab khob, nws raug nquahu kom kawm tag nrho - 20-30 hnub.
Yog hais tias tus neeg mob tsis muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, nws tau raug tshuaj Arfazetin, cov tshuaj muaj tshuaj chamomile, St. John lub wort nyom, rosehip berries, teb horsetail, blueberry tua, taum nplooj, thiab chokeberry rhizome. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los hliv 2 hnab ntawm cov khoom siv nrog dej npau npau, coj nws sov 2 zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv yog 1 hlis.
Thaum ua kom loj hlob nrog exudation, ib qho kev sib sau sib txawv yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev sib txig sib luag:
- cov tawv ntoo thiab tawv ntoo nplooj;
- burdock hauv paus;
- txiv peppermint nplooj;
- lingonberry nplooj;
- Birch
- bearberry.
Qhov sib xyaw ua ke kuj suav nrog nettle, knotweed, taum nplooj, amaranth, Jerusalem artichoke, tshis nyom. Ib tug tablespoon ntawm sau yog nchuav nrog 500 ml ntawm dej npau, infused rau ib teev, lim, noj nyob rau hauv ib nrab iav 3 zaug ib hnub.
Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yog 3 hli.
Kev Kho Mob Retinopathy Mob Ntshav Qab Zib
Kev kho mob ntawm retinopathy nyob rau hauv ntshav qab zib hom 2 nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav, thiab suav nrog ntau yam kev kho mob. Thaum pib ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, nws yog qhov tsim nyog tau yauv mus rau ib qho kev kho mob, kev noj tshuaj ntev tau qhia tau txo qis qhov tsis taus ntawm capillaries. Pom zoo angioprotectors: Predian, Ditsinon, Doksium, Parmidin. Nws yog ib qho uas yuav tsum ua kom tswj tau cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav.
Rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus los ntawm cov hlab ntshav, nrog kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, cov tshuaj Sulodexide yuav tsum siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, P, tshuaj tua kab mob ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub ntuj blueberry extract, beta-carotene tau noj. Cov tshuaj Styx tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlab ntsa, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov dawb radicals, thiab txhim kho qhov muag pom. Qee zaum nws yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub qhov muag.
Thaum kuaj pom tus mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy qhia qhov txaus ntshai thiab hloov pauv loj, qhov tsim ntawm cov hlab ntshav tshiab, o ntawm thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov retina, thiab hemorrhage hauv nws, nws yuav tsum pib kho laser sai li sai tau. Yog tias mob ntshav qab zib ua kom rov zoo li qub los ntawm qhov muaj mob hnyav, kev phais plab yog qhia.
Mob ntshav qab zib maculopathy, thaum lub hauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov leeg thaum o tau huam tuaj sai dua, cov hlab ntsha tshiab tuaj hauv daim ntawv, cuam tshuam nrog laser retinal coagulation. Thaum lub sijhawm cov txheej txheem, lub nqaj laser nkag mus rau cov chaw cuam tshuam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm:
- lub lens;
- vitreous lub cev;
- pob kws muag;
- pem hauv ntej lub koob yees duab.
Ua tsaug rau lub laser, nws yog ib qho ua tau rau cauterize thaj chaw sab nraum cheeb tsam ntawm lub zeem muag hauv nruab nrab, uas tshem tawm qhov ua tau ntawm oxygen tshaib plab. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem pab rhuav tshem cov txheej txheem ischemic hauv retina, cov hlab ntsha tshiab nres tshwm sim hauv tus neeg mob. Siv cov thev naus laus zis no tshem tawm cov hlab ntsha uas twb muaj lawm, yuav txo qhov o, qhov muag tsis pom liab.
Nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm retinal coagulation yog tiv thaiv kev nce qib ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv ntau theem, lawv tau nqa ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm ob peb hnub, lub sijhawm ntawm cov txheej txheem yog li 30-40 feeb. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev txheej txheem tsis pub dhau 2 hlis ua ntej DA.
Thaum lub sijhawm kho cov xim laser, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau ntsib kev tsis xis nyob, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj hauv zos. Ob peb lub hlis tom qab ua tiav ntawm kev kho mob, fluorescence angiography yog yuav tsum kuaj xyuas lub xeev ntawm tus kabmob retina. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj kho rau, tso tee me me.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib retinopathy nrog cryocoagulation feem ntau yog ua thaum tus neeg mob:
- muaj cov kev hloov loj hauv kev khwv nyiaj;
- qhia tawm cov tshiab hemorrhages;
- muaj cov nkoj tsim tshiab.
Tsis tas li, txheej txheem yog tsim nyog yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa tawm laser coagulation thiab vitrectomy (xws li hauv daim duab).
Mob ntshav qab zib preproliferative retinopathy yog pom los ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib, yog tias nws tsis daws teeb meem, tus kws kho qhov muag yuav sau ntawv rau vitrectomy. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nqa tawm cov txheej txheem hauv thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob, thaum cov khoom exudates tsis tau tsim. Tam sim no txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm tus mob retinopathy hauv ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog tsawg heev. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv cov menyuam yaus, tus menyuam tau npaj rau txheej txheem ua ntej.
Thaum txoj kev kho mob, tus kws phais mob tshem tawm cov ntshav, cov ntshav ntxiv, hloov nws nrog roj silicone lossis ntsev. Caws pliav uas ua rau kom rov ua mob thiab rov tuaj:
- dissect;
- cauterize nrog ib laser.
Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov metabolism hauv cov zaub mov tsis yog qhov chaw kawg, vim hais tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hyperglycemia ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm retinopathy. Cov cim ntawm ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas koj cov kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, ua raws li kev noj haus tsawg, thiab faus cov tshuaj.
Mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy mob yog kho los ntawm tus kws kho pob ntseg thiab kws kho keeb. Qhia tias nws muaj peev xwm cais tus kabmob sib txawv raws sijhawm, kom nkag siab zoo txog kev kho nws tus kheej, muaj qhov muaj feem yuav kho tus kabmob, muaj peevxwm kho tau lub zeem muag, rov qab muaj lub neej thiab ua tau zoo.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, muaj teeb meem tshwm sim
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy cuam tshuam txog kev tswj cov glycemia, kev them nyiaj rau kev noj qab haus huv rau cov metabolism hauv lub cev, tswj ntshav siab, thiab kho cov metabolism hauv cov rog. Cov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog ntawm lub zeem muag.
Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, ua kom lub cev qoj ua ntshav qab zib muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Kev ncua sijhawm prophylaxis txog kev tiv thaiv tus mob ntshav qab zib kom tsawg kawg nyob rau thaum ntxov ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb tau pom tseeb tias qhov tsis pom kev zoo tsis pom cov tsos mob thaum pib ntawm lub qhov muag, cov neeg mob nrhiav kev pab kho mob tsuas yog thaum lawv muaj:
- cov kab mob ntshav siab;
- hloov pauv pathological hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov muag.
Cov teeb meem loj hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib ua kom ntshav qab zib yog cov leeg ntshav thim rov qab, cov hlab ntaws pa hauv lub cev, thiab hemophthalmus. Cov mob no yuav tsum tau phais mob.
Feem ntau, ntxiv rau kev saib xyuas rau kev kho tus mob ntshav qab zib ua kom rov zoo, nws raug pom zoo kom yauv mus ua ib hom tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab. Ginkgo biloba-based npaj tau qhia, ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj yog Tanakan. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum noj 1 ntsiav tshuaj peb zaug hauv ib hnub, lub sijhawm kho yog tsawg kawg 3 hlis.
Tus mob retinopathy yog kho nrog lwm cov tshuaj - Neurostrong, nws tau ua los ntawm cov cheebtsam:
- blueberry extract;
- lecithin;
- B vitamins;
- ginkgo biloba.
Cov tshuaj pab txhim kho cov pa txaus, txo qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev mob thrombosis, thiab mob hlwb retinal. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj 3-4 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Kev mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy ntawm thawj theem yog kho nrog Dibicor, koj yuav tsum haus cov tshuaj 0.5 g 2 zaug ib hnub, nws yog qhov zoo dua los noj qhov kev kho mob 20 feeb ua ntej noj mov. Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob rau rau lub hlis, tshuaj kho mob txhim kho cov txheej txheem hauv lub cev, pab kom muaj zog ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm ob lub qhov muag.
Muaj lwm cov tshuaj ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm colostrum ntawm nyuj cov kua mis, xws li cov tshuaj nce ntxiv kev tiv thaiv. Haus cov tshuaj no 2 tsiav tshuaj 3-4 zaug hauv ib hnub rau rau lub hlis. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov tshuaj uas zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv ntawm cov tee hauv qhov muag.
Rau kev sab laj, koj yuav tsum hu rau chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy, tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj tias muaj dab tsi retinopathy yog li cas thiab tus mob ntshav qab zib kom tsawg yuav cuam tshuam rau lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv, yuav ua li cas thiaj li tsis ua rau dig muag.
Cov lus qhia txog cov kab mob ntshav qab zib muaj nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.
