Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem uas ib txwm muaj ntawm cov ntshav qab zib yog mob hlwb txha caj dab. Tus kab mob no yog suav tias yog thawj qhov ua rau muaj kev tsis taus thiab ua neeg tuag nyob hauv cov pej xeem.
Nrog discirculatory encephalopathy, vascular lumen nqaim, uas cuam tshuam rau kev noj haus ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm lub hlwb thiab ua rau pom kev zoo ntawm atherosclerotic stenosis. Tom kawg feem ntau ua rau ischemic mob stroke thiab vascular dementia.
Txij li thaum tus kab mob no muaj ntau yam teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib, kev kho mob ntawm cerebral arteriosclerosis nrog cov tshuaj yuav tsum yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tab sis ua ntej ua txoj kev kho tshuaj, koj yuav tsum nkag siab qhov ua rau, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Atherosclerosis yog ib qho kev mob ntsws ntev ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj, ua rau muaj qhov txuam nrog cov lipids ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nqaij txuas hauv lawv. Qhov ua rau ua rau tus kab mob yog qhov ua tiav hauv cov roj metabolism. Sab nraud thiab sab nraud tuaj yeem ua rau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm tus kabmob.
Tib qho laj thawj suav nrog lub hnub nyoog laus dua, thaum cov kab ke thiab cov nruab nrog cev pib ua haujlwm zuj zus vim kev laus. Tus tub los ntxhais tseem ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshwm sim ntawm cerebral atherosclerosis. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej, tus kab mob tshwm sim ntau dua tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv estrogen, uas koom nrog kev rhuav tshem ntawm triglycerides.
Kev qhia txog caj ces kuj yog hais txog yam tsis hloov pauv ntawm cov tsos ntawm atherosclerotic plaques rau ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kabmob muaj xws li:
- kev ntxhov siab
- haus dej cawv, haus luam yeeb;
- hypercholesterolemia;
- metabolic syndrome;
- ntshav siab;
- mob ntsws ntev hyperglycemia;
- kev noj haus tsis txaus;
- hnyav dua;
- siab concentration ntawm homocysteine hauv cov ntshav;
- lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm.
Lwm pathology tsim tawm tsam ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub cev tsis ua haujlwm, hyperfibrinogenemia. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias, nyob ntawm qhov ua rau ntawm qhov tshwm sim, xws li cov kab mob atherosclerosis yog qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom noj hauv lub cev, hnub nyoog muaj feem, muaj tshuaj lom, ua xua thiab ua mob rau (mob ntsws, mob ntsws).
Yog hais tias tus kab mob tshwm tawm tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm txoj hlab ntshav ntawm txoj hlab ntshav siab, ces nws hu ua hyalinosis. Thaum tus kab mob tshwm sim vim kev txuam nrog cov tshuaj calcium ntsev hauv cov hlab ntsha, tom qab ntawd tus neeg mob kuaj pom muaj tus mob mediacalcinosis.
Muaj 4 theem ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlab hlwb txha caj qaum. Thaum pib theem, lipid me ntsis daim ntawv, thiab nyob rau ntawm lub thib ob - fibrous plaques.
Qhov thib peb theem yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov atherosclerotic plaques thiab kev tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov neeg muaj zog loj. Nyob rau theem kawg ntawm tus kab mob, atherocalcinosis tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv uas muaj petrification ntawm cov quav hniav thiab vascular deformation.
Thaum pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, atherosclerosis tsis yog qhov tseeb tshwm sim. Tsuas yog qee zaus cov neeg mob yws yws ntawm cov mob ntev, qaug zog tsis meej, tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau mob taub hau.
Raws li kev kho kab mob zuj zus, cov tsos mob hauv qab no tshwm sim:
- tinnitus;
- Kiv taub hau
- dhia hauv ntshav siab;
- kev tshee
- insomnia
- nco tsis taus;
- tsis txaus thiab lub siab ntawm kev siv ntawm tes;
- malfunctions hauv kev pom thiab hais lus zog.
Hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj, muaj qhov tsis sib haum ntawm lub cev, paresis ntawm lub ntsej muag, loog ntawm nqua. Tsis tas li, atherosclerosis ntawm theem 3-4 yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li tsis pom zoo. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob yws ntawm qhov ua tiav tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm, thiab hauv qee cov neeg mob, qhov kev tiv thaiv ib nrab ntawm tus yam ntxwv tshwm sim.
Ua ntej noj cov tshuaj rau atherosclerosis ntawm lub hlab hlwb cov hlab ntsha, yuav tsum kuaj kom paub meej. Kev soj ntsuam hauv chav kawm suav nrog kev kuaj ntshav sim tshuaj thiab biochemical.
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj mob atherosclerosis yog MRI. Ultrasound, angiography thiab transcranial dopplerography yog qhov zoo sib xws.
Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev kho
Txoj kev kho ntawm cerebral arteriosclerosis yuav tsum yog qhov muaj txhij txhua thiab muaj cov tsos mob, cov kab mob thiab kho cov hau kev. Tab sis ua ntej noj cov tshuaj, cov kws kho mob qhia cov neeg mob kom lawv noj zaub mov noj.
Kev noj tshuaj kho mob yuav ua rau kev kho cov tshuaj kho tau zoo dua thiab yuav txo qis qhov mob ntawm cov kab mob. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj zaub mov hauv cerebral atherosclerosis yog qhov tsis lees paub ntawm cov khoom noj muaj roj ntsha ntawm cov tsiaj keeb kwm, kev siv ntsev tsawg thiab txhua yam khoom noj uas tsis zoo (cov zaub mov ceev, hnyuv ntxwm, khoom noj txom ncauj).
Nrog vascular pathologies, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom ntsuas cov ntshav siab, soj ntsuam ntshav qabzib thiab cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav. Ib qho tseem ceeb yog kev tsis lees paub txog kev muaj yees, kev ua kom lub cev yuag, ua hauj lwm txhua hnub. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev ua lub cev nyhav thiab zam dhau lub sijhawm muaj kev ntxhov siab.
Yog tias atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha hlwb tau txheeb xyuas, txoj kev kho tshuaj tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo li nram no:
- ntshav siab;
- txo qis lub hlwb hypoxia;
- normalization ntawm lipid metabolism;
- rov ua dua ntawm vascular lumen.
Txoj kev kho cov mob hlwb atherosclerosis koom nrog kev siv cov tshuaj uas yog rau cov pab pawg sib txawv.
Statins, bile acid sequestrants, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, vitamin PP, fibrates, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj uas ua kom ntshav siab tau siv.
Statins
Cov tshuaj no suav tias yog lub hauv paus rau kev kho mob ntawm atherosclerosis, raws li lawv tshem tawm qhov ua rau ntawm nws cov tsos - hypercholesterolemia.
Qhov ua kom zoo ntawm statins yog txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom lub plab tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm tsim cov roj (cholesterol), ua rau cov lipoproteins uas muaj ntau-ntau qhov lipoproteins, ua rau cov lipid metabolism lipid, ua kom cov ntshav txhaws, thiab ua kom cov leeg ntshav muaj zog.
Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau cerebral arteriosclerosis los ntawm chav kawm ntawm cov cim tshiab no:
| Lub npe tshuaj | Daim ntawv thov nta | Nqi |
| Rosuvastatin | Qhov kev siv tshuaj thawj zaug yog 10 mg, maj mam nce nws mus rau 20-40 mg ib hnub twg. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tuaj yeem muab tshuaj rau hauv nruab nrab thiab hnub nyoog laus. Lub sijhawm kho yog 21 hnub | 250-780 rubles |
| Lovastatin | Nws yog ntsuas 1 zaug nyob rau ib hnub rau 40 mg rau ntev. | 250 rubles |
| Atorvastatin | Raug xaiv thaum laus. Qhov kev siv tshuaj thawj zaug yog 10 mg, uas tuaj yeem nce ntxiv txog 80 mg rau ib hnub. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev kho mob yog 4 lub lis piam | 120-650 rubles |
| Simvastatin | Thawj 4 lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob, koj tuaj yeem noj 5-8 mg ntawm cov tshuaj, yog tias tsim nyog, qhov koob tshuaj yog maj mam nce mus rau 80 mg. Lub sij hawm ntawm kev kho mob yog txog 12 lub lis piam | 70-370 rubles |
| Fluvastatin | Qhov tshuaj nruab nrab yog 20-40 mg ib hnub twg. Lub sijhawm siv 3-6 lub lis piam | mus txog 280 rubles |
| Mertenyl | Tsuas tshuaj los ntawm 10 mus rau 40 mg ib hnub twg. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv yog 8-12 lub lis piam | 530 rubles |
Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias statins muaj qhov muaj txiaj ntsig lipid-txo qis kho kom zoo, lawv muaj ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov leeg nqaij pathologies, kev tsis haum tshuaj, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Cov kev txwv tsis pub noj tshuaj statins - mob siab, menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 8 xyoo, mob siab rau ib leeg.
Cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub siv rau thaum cev xeeb tub, lactation thiab muaj lub siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm transaminases hauv cov ntshav.
Fibrates
Fibroic acid derivatives yog qhov thib ob zoo tshaj plaws pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj rau normalizing lipid metabolism. Lawv txo qis cov rog hauv cov rog hauv lub cev 50%, ua rau muaj feem ntau ntawm cov roj uas txhaws taus hauv cov ntshav. Kev ua rau txoj kev kho kom tiav yog ua tiav los ntawm kev nce siab ntawm cov enzymes tshwj xeeb uas qhib kev tshem tawm ntawm tsawg lipoproteins tawm hauv lub cev los ntawm cov kua tsib.
Hauv cov kab mob atherosclerotic plaques, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau ua ke nrog statins, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hypercholesterolemia nrog cov mob triglyceridemia. Tab sis nrog intolerance rau daim siab enzyme inhibitors, fibroic acid derivatives tuaj yeem noj ib leeg.
Ib hom tshuaj zoo rau cerebral arteriosclerosis los ntawm chav kawm ntawm fibrates yog Fenofibrate. Kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub tuaj yeem yog li 140 txog 400 mg.
Cov ntawv nyeem ntawm fibroic acid, zoo li statins, raug coj tawm hauv cov chav kawm - los ntawm 3 lub hlis. Cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum haus cawv kom tsawg 2 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Cov tshuaj uas nrov los ntawm chav kawm ntawm fibrates:
- Bezafibrat. Koj tuaj yeem nqa mus txog 0.3 g ntawm cov khoom ib zaug.
- Clofibrate. Nws muaj cov kab ke hauv nruab nrog - nws thaiv cov nplooj siab enzyme, tawg cov rog rog, txo cov ntshav viscosity thiab uric acid concentration. Koj tuaj yeem haus li 9 tsiav tshuaj ib hnub, 2-3 ntsiav tshuaj ib zaug.
- Gemfibrozil. Cov tshuaj tau noj 1 (900 mg) lossis 2 (600 mg) ib hnub ib zaug ua ntej noj mov.
- Ntxhuav Thoj Qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv thawj 90 hnub ntawm kev kho mob yog 100 mg rau ib hnub, tom qab ntawd nws yuav nce ntxiv rau 200 mg. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov tshuaj no yog siv rau ob peb xyoos.
- Ciprofibrate. Nws txawv ntawm lwm cov fibrates hauv kev nqis tes ua lub sij hawm ntev, uas txo lub sijhawm siv los kho thiab cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj. Thawj 8-12 lub lis piam, cov tshuaj tau sau tseg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm monotherapy, tom qab ntawd nws siv yog ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj los tiv thaiv atherosclerotic.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg feem coob nyob rau ntawm cerebral atherosclerosis paub meej tias hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob, fibrates tau zoo tiv thaiv. Yog li, qhov tsis zoo hloov (ua xua, xeev ntuav, ua kom lub plab zom mov, tsis muaj zog ntawm lub zog) yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kev sib koom tes ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm fibroic acid nrog statins, daim siab ua haujlwm feem ntau kev mob.
Tej fibrate contraindicated nyob rau hauv lub raum los yog hepatic tsis txaus, cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
Cov tshuaj no tsis tau sau tseg rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom noj ntawm cov metabolism hauv cov khoom noj, thiab cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas kuj txwv tsis pub noj.
Antiplatelet tus neeg sawv cev thiab sequestrants
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua pa yog cov neeg sawv cev uas txo qis kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov duab enzymes, uas ua rau kom ntshav khiav thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tuaj ntshav cov ntshav. Cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov pab pawg no tshuaj aspirin.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj muaj nqi tsawg thiab kev ua nrawm. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum paub tias Acetylsalicylic acid ua rau lub plab zom zaub mov, vim li no nws yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv gastritis thiab mob rwj.
Lwm cov tshuaj paub zoo antiplatelet, kev siv ib txwm ua uas pab ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev phais mob rau mob plab, yog Thrombo ACC, Cardiomagnyl, Clopidogrel.
Bile acid sequestrants yog lwm pab pawg tshuaj kho mob rau lub hlwb txha caj mob. Cov neeg sawv cev ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ion. Cov tshuaj noj cov rog ua kom lub cev ploj hauv lub cev, suav nrog cov roj (cholesterol) phem.
Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj saum toj no, cov tshuaj ua ntu zus muaj cov tshuaj nruab nrab zoo dua. Tab sis lawv muaj qhov zoo - tus nqi tsim nyog thiab kev pheej hmoo tsawg ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Nrov tshuaj:
- Quantalan. Qhov muab tshem tawm yog muab noj ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm 4 g ntawm lub sijhawm ua ntej noj mov. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv yog txiav txim los ntawm kws kho mob. Qhov ua tau tsis zoo yog qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm kev zom, qhov txo qis ntawm cov vitamins-rog hauv lub cev.
- Colestipol lossis Colestid. Muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj (5 g) thiab hmoov (1 g). Thaum pib theem ntawm kev kho mob, ib koob tshuaj ib zaug ntawm 5 grams, tom qab ntawd, qhov nyiaj yuav nce ntxiv mus rau 30 grams.
- Questran muaj nyob hauv daim ntawv hmoov. Cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub rau cov menyuam yaus yog 1 sachet, rau cov neeg laus - 6 sachets. Thaum kho cov tshuaj, nws raug nquahu kom haus dej kom ntau.
Lwm cov tshuaj zoo
Vitamin PP ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob atherosclerosis. Cov tshuaj muaj ntau tus lej zoo. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv hypotensive, anticholesterol, vasodilator thiab fibrinolytic nyhuv.
Thaum ua rau lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm rau lub cev, nicotinic acid ua kom lipoproteidlipases thiab tshem tawm cov roj dawb, txo qis ntawm TG.
Vitamin-based khoom muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab tau noj tom qab noj mov. Qhov pom zoo rau kev noj tshuaj txhua hnub yog 3-5 grams.
Kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj raws li cov nicotinic acid tuaj yeem ua rau kub ntxhov. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv - urolithiasis, ua haujlwm siab, tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Kuj, nrog atherosclerosis, vasodilators yog kws kho. Lawv nthuav tawm cov lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb thiab pab txhawb cov chav kawm ntawm tus kabmob, uas txhim kho cov ntshav ncig thiab nce neural zog metabolism.
Cov tshuaj vasodilator:
- Cinnarizine;
- Norvask
- Nimodipine;
- Lacipil;
- Adalat thiab lwm tus.
Nyias, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia rau cov tshuaj hu ua Detralex. Nov yog ib yam tshuaj kho tshiab uas ntxuav thiab ntxuav tau cov hlab ntshav ntawm lub hlwb. Tab sis feem ntau, Detralex yog kho rau obliterating atherosclerosis, vim nws tshem tawm kev o, hnyav thiab mob hauv ceg.
Cov vitamins thiab minerals yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob nyuaj rau txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha nrog cov plahaum roj av. Cov tshuaj tsim nyog rau tsim nyog vascular pathologies: vitamins PP, C, B thiab kab kawm - silicon, poov tshuaj, selenium.
Txij li thaum atherosclerosis feem ntau yog nrog mob ntshav siab, ntshav tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob ntshav qab zib. Indapamide, Captopril, Hydrochlorothiazide, Nifedipine thiab Carvedilol muaj cov kev kho mob zoo. Thiab nrog kev nce qib siab ntawm atherosclerosis, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem muab cov kua dej nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog los ntxuav thiab nyias cov ntshav.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tsis kaj siab ntawm kev vascular pathologies, kev kho mob yam ntxwv yog ua. Feem ntau, kws kho mob sau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, tshuaj yeeb tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj kom tsaug zog.
Raws li qhov kho cov tshuaj txuas nrog qhov muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, tshuaj pleev raws li cov nroj tsuag tshuaj muaj peev xwm siv tau. Thiab yog tias xav tau, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem ntxiv cov kev kho mob zoo sib xws nrog tshuaj ntsuab pej xeem.
Nrog atherosclerosis ntawm lub hlwb, tshuaj ntsuab xws li periwinkle, txiv qaub tshuaj, valerian, dill, mint, borax, melilot, meadowsweet, clover pab. Txhawm rau txhawb cov microcirculation, tshem tawm vascular spasm thiab nyias cov ntshav, npaj muaj ginko-biloba extract -Tanakan, Ginko Fort thiab Bilobil yog siv.
Yuav ua li cas kho cov mob hlwb atherosclerosis tau piav qhia hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsab xov xwm no.
